บทนำวิวัฒนาการ (Thai Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "บทนำวิวัฒนาการ" in Thai language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Thai rank

45worldcat.org

5^th place

17^th place

29loc.gov

70^th place

139^th place

25doi.org

2^nd place

4^th place

22nih.gov

4^th place

7^th place

20archive.org

6^th place

20^th place

13web.archive.org

1^st place

10harvard.edu

18^th place

43^rd place

7semanticscholar.org

11^th place

61^st place

4pbs.org

198^th place

396^th place

3berkeley.edu

580^th place

357^th place

3darwin-online.org.uk

2,821^st place

898^th place

3talkorigins.org

9,502^nd place

8,473^rd place

3jstor.org

26^th place

72^nd place

3nap.edu

2,128^th place

974^th place

2excite.com

low place

7,106^th place

2enviroliteracy.org

low place

2txtwriter.com

low place

2psu.edu

207^th place

515^th place

2nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

243^rd place

1usgs.gov

167^th place

168^th place

1telegraph.co.uk

30^th place

94^th place

1pnas.org

1,293^rd place

571^st place

1books.google.com

3^rd place

5^th place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

41^st place

1nsf.gov

3,828^th place

3,430^th place

1accessexcellence.org

low place

1vqronline.org

low place

1kenyon.edu

8,981^st place

4,681^st place

1fossilmuseum.net

low place

1millerandlevine.com

low place

1hawaii.edu

1,308^th place

550^th place

1ucsc.edu

3,619^th place

low place

1bbc.co.uk

8^th place

15^th place

1ubc.ca

1,997^th place

3,536^th place

1uiuc.edu

3,087^th place

1,752^nd place

1comcast.net

3,523^rd place

8,283^rd place

1si.edu

340^th place

499^th place

1smithsonianmag.com

503^rd place

1,273^rd place

1ncseweb.org

low place

1uvm.edu

6,270^th place

2,497^th place

accessexcellence.org

Rhee, Seung Yon. "Gregor Mendel (1822–1884)". Access Excellence. Atlanta, GA: National Health Museum. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-12-27. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-07.

archive.org

Raven & Johnson 2002, p. 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-112261-0. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-187-3. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264.
Farber 2000, p. 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-6390-5. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207.
Darwin 2005 Darwin, Charles (2005). Darwin: The Indelible Stamp: The Evolution of an Idea. Edited, with foreword and commentary by James D. Watson. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press. ISBN 978-0-7624-2136-7. OCLC 62172858.
Futuyma 1998, p. Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
Campbell & Reece 2002, pp. 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. Vol. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 978-0-8053-6624-2. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441.
Robinson, Richard, บ.ก. (2003). "Population Bottleneck". Genetics. New York: Macmillan Reference US. ISBN 978-0-02-865606-9. LCCN 2002003560. OCLC 49278650. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-04-07.
Futuyma 1998, pp. 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
Larson 2004, pp. 231–237 Larson, Edward J. (2004). Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory. New York: Modern Library. ISBN 978-0-679-64288-6. LCCN 2003064888. OCLC 53483597.
Bowler 2003, pp. 325–339 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Tattersall 1995, pp. 5–6 Tattersall, Ian (1995). The Fossil Trail: How We Know What We Think We Know About Human Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506101-7. LCCN 94031633. OCLC 30972979.
NAS 2008, p. 22 National Academy of Sciences; Institute of Medicine (2008). Science, Evolution, and Creationism. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10586-6. LCCN 2007015904. OCLC 123539346. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-31.
Mayr 2001, pp. 25–27 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Weichert & Presch 1975, p. 8 Weichert, Charles K.; Presch, William (1975). Elements of Chordate Anatomy. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-069008-0. LCCN 74017151. OCLC 1032188.
Bowler 2003, pp. 150–151, 174 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Coyne 2009, pp. 102–103 Coyne, Jerry A. (2009). Why Evolution is True. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-02053-9. LCCN 2008033973. OCLC 233549529.
Carroll, Grenier & Weatherbee 2005 Carroll, Sean B.; Grenier, Jennifer K.; Weatherbee, Scott D. (2005). From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design (2nd ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-1950-4. LCCN 2003027991. OCLC 53972564.
Mayr 2001, pp. 165–169 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Mayr 1970, p. 348 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.
Mayr 1970 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

McGourty, Christine (November 22, 2002). "Origin of dogs traced". BBC News. London: BBC. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-14.

berkeley.edu

evolution.berkeley.edu

"Misconceptions about evolution". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. สืบค้นเมื่อ 26 September 2015.
"Sex and genetic shuffling". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-08.
"Gene flow". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-08.

books.google.com

Stearns, Beverly Peterson; Stearns, S. C.; Stearns, Stephen C. (2000). Watching, from the Edge of Extinction. Yale University Press. p. preface x. ISBN 978-0-300-08469-6. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 May 2017.

comcast.net

home.comcast.net

Silverman, David (2002). "Better Books by Trial and Error". Life's Big Instruction Book. สืบค้นเมื่อ 4 April 2008.

darwin-online.org.uk

van Wyhe, John (2002). "Charles Darwin: gentleman naturalist". The Complete Works of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-16.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Fertilisation of Orchids". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-07.
Darwin 1872, p. 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610.

doi.org

Dalrymple 2001, pp. 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". ใน Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (บ.ก.). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. Vol. 190. London: Geological Society of London. pp. 205–221. Bibcode:2001GSLSP.190..205D. doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. ISBN 978-1-86239-093-5. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. S2CID 130092094.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 47 (3): 370–382. Bibcode:1980E&PSL..47..370M. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. (October 5, 2007). "Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils". Precambrian Research. 158 (3–4): 141–155. Bibcode:2007PreR..158..141S. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 361 (1470): 869–885. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. PMC 1578735. PMID 16754604.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (16 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. ISSN 1531-1074. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Ohtomo, Yoko; Kakegawa, Takeshi; Ishida, Akizumi; และคณะ (January 2014). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience. London: Nature Publishing Group. 7 (1): 25–28. Bibcode:2014NatGe...7...25O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. ISSN 1752-0894.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; และคณะ (23 August 2011). "How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?". PLOS Biology. San Francisco, CA: PLOS. 9 (8): e1001127. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127. ISSN 1545-7885. PMC 3160336. PMID 21886479.
Gregory, T. Ryan (June 2009). "Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common Misconceptions". Evolution: Education and Outreach. 2 (2): 156–175. doi:10.1007/s12052-009-0128-1.
Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (June 29, 2006). "Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 361 (1470): 969–1006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1842. PMC 1578732. PMID 16754610.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (บ.ก.). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. doi:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. ISSN 1931-7913. PMC 2424310. PMID 18519614.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. 4 (6): 445–458. doi:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x. PMID 12492145. S2CID 8448387.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; และคณะ (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. 110 (3): 212–230. Bibcode:2007Zool..110..212B. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005. PMID 17499493.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. 30 (4): 522–542. Bibcode:2004Pbio...30..522B. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 17279135.
Ellstrand, Norman C.; Elam, Diane R. (November 1993). "Population Genetic Consequences of Small Population Size: Implications for Plant Conservation". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 24 (1): 217–242. Bibcode:1993AnRES..24..217E. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001245.
Hoelzel, A. Rus; Fleischer, Robert C.; Campagna, Claudio; และคณะ (July 2002). "Impact of a population bottleneck on symmetry and genetic diversity in the northern elephant seal". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 15 (4): 567–575. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00419.x. S2CID 85821330.
Ciccarelli, Francesca D.; Doerks, Tobias; von Mering, Christian; และคณะ (March 3, 2006). "Toward Automatic Reconstruction of a Highly Resolved Tree of Life". Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
Wilner, Eduardo (March 2006). "Darwin's artificial selection as an experiment". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 37 (1): 26–40. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2005.12.002. PMID 16473266.
Janzen, Daniel H. (1974). "Swollen-Thorn Acacias of Central America" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. 13 (13): 1–131. doi:10.5479/si.0081024X.13. OCLC 248582653. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-31.
Jiggins, Chris D.; Bridle, Jon R. (March 2004). "Speciation in the apple maggot fly: a blend of vintages?". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (3): 111–114. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.12.008. PMID 16701238.
Weinberg, James R.; Starczak, Victoria R.; Jörg, Daniele (August 1992). "Evidence for Rapid Speciation Following a Founder Event in the Laboratory". Evolution. 46 (4): 1214–1220. doi:10.2307/2409766. JSTOR 2409766. PMID 28564398.
Dobzhansky, Theodosius (March 1973). "Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution". The American Biology Teacher. 35 (3): 125–129. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.525.3586. doi:10.2307/4444260. JSTOR 4444260. S2CID 207358177.
Ayala, Francisco J. (2005). "The Structure of Evolutionary Theory: on Stephen Jay Gould's Monumental Masterpiece". Theology and Science. 3 (1): 104. doi:10.1080/14746700500039800. S2CID 4293004.
Wright, Sewall (September 1980). "Genic and Organismic Selection". Evolution. 34 (5): 825–843. doi:10.2307/2407990. JSTOR 2407990. PMID 28581131.
Gould, Stephen Jay; Lloyd, Elisabeth A. (October 12, 1999). "Individuality and adaptation across levels of selection: How shall we name and generalise the unit of Darwinism?". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (21): 11904–11909. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9611904G. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11904. PMC 18385. PMID 10518549.

enviroliteracy.org

"How many species are there?". Enviroliteracy.org. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Literacy Council. June 17, 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-01-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.
"How many species are there?". Enviroliteracy.org. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Literacy Council. June 17, 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-01-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.

excite.com

apnews.excite.com

Borenstein, Seth (13 November 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-06-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 May 2015.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-10-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015.

fossilmuseum.net

"The Fossil Record – Life's Epic". The Virtual Fossil Museum. Roger Perkins. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-31.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Dalrymple 2001, pp. 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". ใน Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (บ.ก.). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. Vol. 190. London: Geological Society of London. pp. 205–221. Bibcode:2001GSLSP.190..205D. doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. ISBN 978-1-86239-093-5. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. S2CID 130092094.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 47 (3): 370–382. Bibcode:1980E&PSL..47..370M. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. (October 5, 2007). "Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils". Precambrian Research. 158 (3–4): 141–155. Bibcode:2007PreR..158..141S. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (16 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. ISSN 1531-1074. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Ohtomo, Yoko; Kakegawa, Takeshi; Ishida, Akizumi; และคณะ (January 2014). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience. London: Nature Publishing Group. 7 (1): 25–28. Bibcode:2014NatGe...7...25O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. ISSN 1752-0894.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; และคณะ (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. 110 (3): 212–230. Bibcode:2007Zool..110..212B. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005. PMID 17499493.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. 30 (4): 522–542. Bibcode:2004Pbio...30..522B. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 17279135.
Ellstrand, Norman C.; Elam, Diane R. (November 1993). "Population Genetic Consequences of Small Population Size: Implications for Plant Conservation". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 24 (1): 217–242. Bibcode:1993AnRES..24..217E. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001245.
Ciccarelli, Francesca D.; Doerks, Tobias; von Mering, Christian; และคณะ (March 3, 2006). "Toward Automatic Reconstruction of a Highly Resolved Tree of Life". Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
Gould, Stephen Jay; Lloyd, Elisabeth A. (October 12, 1999). "Individuality and adaptation across levels of selection: How shall we name and generalise the unit of Darwinism?". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (21): 11904–11909. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9611904G. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11904. PMC 18385. PMID 10518549.

hawaii.edu

botany.hawaii.edu

Carr, Gerald D. "Adaptive Radiation and Hybridization in the Hawaiian Silversword Alliance". Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Botany Department. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.

jstor.org

Weinberg, James R.; Starczak, Victoria R.; Jörg, Daniele (August 1992). "Evidence for Rapid Speciation Following a Founder Event in the Laboratory". Evolution. 46 (4): 1214–1220. doi:10.2307/2409766. JSTOR 2409766. PMID 28564398.
Dobzhansky, Theodosius (March 1973). "Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution". The American Biology Teacher. 35 (3): 125–129. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.525.3586. doi:10.2307/4444260. JSTOR 4444260. S2CID 207358177.
Wright, Sewall (September 1980). "Genic and Organismic Selection". Evolution. 34 (5): 825–843. doi:10.2307/2407990. JSTOR 2407990. PMID 28581131.

kenyon.edu

biology.kenyon.edu

Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. 30 (4): 522–542. Bibcode:2004Pbio...30..522B. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 17279135.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Dalrymple 2001, pp. 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". ใน Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (บ.ก.). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. Vol. 190. London: Geological Society of London. pp. 205–221. Bibcode:2001GSLSP.190..205D. doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. ISBN 978-1-86239-093-5. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. S2CID 130092094.
Raven & Johnson 2002, p. 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-112261-0. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-187-3. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264.
Gould 2002 Gould, Stephen Jay (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-00613-3. LCCN 2001043556. OCLC 47869352.
Farber 2000, p. 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-6390-5. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207.
Darwin 1872, p. 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610.
Gould 1980, p. 24 Gould, Stephen Jay (1980). The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-01380-1. LCCN 80015952. OCLC 6331415.
Futuyma 1998, p. Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. Vol. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. ISBN 978-0-387-20191-7. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891.
Campbell & Reece 2002, pp. 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. Vol. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 978-0-8053-6624-2. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441.
Robinson, Richard, บ.ก. (2003). "Population Bottleneck". Genetics. New York: Macmillan Reference US. ISBN 978-0-02-865606-9. LCCN 2002003560. OCLC 49278650. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-04-07.
Futuyma 1998, pp. 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
Larson 2004, pp. 231–237 Larson, Edward J. (2004). Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory. New York: Modern Library. ISBN 978-0-679-64288-6. LCCN 2003064888. OCLC 53483597.
Bowler 2003, pp. 325–339 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Tattersall 1995, pp. 5–6 Tattersall, Ian (1995). The Fossil Trail: How We Know What We Think We Know About Human Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506101-7. LCCN 94031633. OCLC 30972979.
Lyell 1830, p. 76 Lyell, Charles (1830). Principles of Geology, Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface, by Reference to Causes Now in Operation. London: John Murray. LCCN 45042424. OCLC 670356586.
NAS 2008, p. 22 National Academy of Sciences; Institute of Medicine (2008). Science, Evolution, and Creationism. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10586-6. LCCN 2007015904. OCLC 123539346. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-31.
Gould 1995, p. 360 Gould, Stephen Jay (1995). Dinosaur in a Haystack: Reflections in Natural History. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 978-0-517-70393-9. LCCN 95051333. OCLC 33892123.
Diamond 1992, p. 16 Diamond, Jared (1992). The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal (1st ed.). New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-018307-3. LCCN 91050455. OCLC 24246928.
Mayr 2001, pp. 25–27 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Weichert & Presch 1975, p. 8 Weichert, Charles K.; Presch, William (1975). Elements of Chordate Anatomy. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-069008-0. LCCN 74017151. OCLC 1032188.
Bowler 2003, pp. 150–151, 174 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Coyne 2009, pp. 102–103 Coyne, Jerry A. (2009). Why Evolution is True. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-02053-9. LCCN 2008033973. OCLC 233549529.
NAS 1998, =5787&page=27 "Evolution and the Nature of Science" National Academy of Sciences (1998). Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-06364-7. LCCN 98016100. OCLC 245727856. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.
Carroll, Grenier & Weatherbee 2005 Carroll, Sean B.; Grenier, Jennifer K.; Weatherbee, Scott D. (2005). From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design (2nd ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-1950-4. LCCN 2003027991. OCLC 53972564.
Mayr 2001, pp. 165–169 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Mayr 1970, p. 348 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.
Mayr 1970 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.
Dawkins 1976, p. 35 "Individuals are not stable things, they are fleeting. Chromosomes too are shuffled to oblivion, like hands of cards soon after they are dealt. But the cards themselves survive the shuffling. The cards are the genes. The genes are not destroyed by crossing-over, they merely change partners and march on. Of course they march on. That is their business. They are the replicators and we are their survival machines. When we have served our purpose we are cast aside. But genes are denizens of geological time: genes are forever." Dawkins, Richard (1976). The Selfish Gene (1st ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857519-1. LCCN 76029168. OCLC 2681149.

millerandlevine.com

Miller, Kenneth R.; Levine, Joseph (1997). "Haeckel and his Embryos: A Note on Textbooks". Evolution Resources. Rehoboth, MA: Miller And Levine Biology. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-09-02.

nap.edu

books.nap.edu

NAS 2008, p. 22 National Academy of Sciences; Institute of Medicine (2008). Science, Evolution, and Creationism. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10586-6. LCCN 2007015904. OCLC 123539346. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-31.
NAS 1998, =5787&page=27 "Evolution and the Nature of Science" National Academy of Sciences (1998). Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-06364-7. LCCN 98016100. OCLC 245727856. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.

nap.edu

NAS 1998, =5787&page=27 "Evolution and the Nature of Science" National Academy of Sciences (1998). Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-06364-7. LCCN 98016100. OCLC 245727856. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.

nationalgeographic.com

ngm.nationalgeographic.com

Quammen, David (November 2004). "Was Darwin Wrong?". National Geographic (Online extra). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ December 15, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-23.

news.nationalgeographic.com

Lovgren, Stefan (August 31, 2005). "Chimps, Humans 96 Percent the Same, Gene Study Finds". National Geographic News. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 5, 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-23.

ncseweb.org

Scott, Eugenie C. (October 17, 2008) [Originally published on PBS Online, May 2000]. "Cans and Can'ts of Teaching Evolution". National Center for Science Education (Blog). Berkeley, CA: National Center for Science Education. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-01.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 361 (1470): 869–885. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. PMC 1578735. PMID 16754604.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (16 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. ISSN 1531-1074. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; และคณะ (23 August 2011). "How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?". PLOS Biology. San Francisco, CA: PLOS. 9 (8): e1001127. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127. ISSN 1545-7885. PMC 3160336. PMID 21886479.
Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (June 29, 2006). "Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 361 (1470): 969–1006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1842. PMC 1578732. PMID 16754610.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (บ.ก.). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. doi:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. ISSN 1931-7913. PMC 2424310. PMID 18519614.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. 4 (6): 445–458. doi:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x. PMID 12492145. S2CID 8448387.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; และคณะ (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. 110 (3): 212–230. Bibcode:2007Zool..110..212B. doi:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005. PMID 17499493.
Ciccarelli, Francesca D.; Doerks, Tobias; von Mering, Christian; และคณะ (March 3, 2006). "Toward Automatic Reconstruction of a Highly Resolved Tree of Life". Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
Wilner, Eduardo (March 2006). "Darwin's artificial selection as an experiment". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 37 (1): 26–40. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2005.12.002. PMID 16473266.
Jiggins, Chris D.; Bridle, Jon R. (March 2004). "Speciation in the apple maggot fly: a blend of vintages?". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (3): 111–114. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.12.008. PMID 16701238.
Weinberg, James R.; Starczak, Victoria R.; Jörg, Daniele (August 1992). "Evidence for Rapid Speciation Following a Founder Event in the Laboratory". Evolution. 46 (4): 1214–1220. doi:10.2307/2409766. JSTOR 2409766. PMID 28564398.
Wright, Sewall (September 1980). "Genic and Organismic Selection". Evolution. 34 (5): 825–843. doi:10.2307/2407990. JSTOR 2407990. PMID 28581131.
Gould, Stephen Jay; Lloyd, Elisabeth A. (October 12, 1999). "Individuality and adaptation across levels of selection: How shall we name and generalise the unit of Darwinism?". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (21): 11904–11909. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9611904G. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11904. PMC 18385. PMID 10518549.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 361 (1470): 869–885. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. PMC 1578735. PMID 16754604.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (16 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. ISSN 1531-1074. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; และคณะ (23 August 2011). "How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?". PLOS Biology. San Francisco, CA: PLOS. 9 (8): e1001127. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127. ISSN 1545-7885. PMC 3160336. PMID 21886479.
Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (June 29, 2006). "Cell evolution and Earth history: stasis and revolution". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 361 (1470): 969–1006. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1842. PMC 1578732. PMID 16754610.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (บ.ก.). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. doi:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. ISSN 1931-7913. PMC 2424310. PMID 18519614.
Gould, Stephen Jay; Lloyd, Elisabeth A. (October 12, 1999). "Individuality and adaptation across levels of selection: How shall we name and generalise the unit of Darwinism?". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (21): 11904–11909. Bibcode:1999PNAS...9611904G. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11904. PMC 18385. PMID 10518549.

nihrecord.nih.gov

Delgado, Cynthia (July 28, 2006). "Finding the Evolution in Medicine". NIH Record. 58 (15): 1, 8–9. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 24, 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ January 9, 2015.

nsf.gov

"Researchers find that Earth may be home to 1 trillion species". National Science Foundation. 2 May 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 6 May 2016.

nytimes.com

Novacek, Michael J. (8 November 2014). "Prehistory's Brilliant Future". The New York Times. New York: The New York Times Company. ISSN 0362-4331. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 December 2014.

pbs.org

"Frequently Asked Questions About Evolution". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.
"A Modern Mass Extinction?". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.
"Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-04-07.
"Glossary". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.

pnas.org

Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Ciccarelli, Francesca D.; Doerks, Tobias; von Mering, Christian; และคณะ (March 3, 2006). "Toward Automatic Reconstruction of a Highly Resolved Tree of Life". Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
Dobzhansky, Theodosius (March 1973). "Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution". The American Biology Teacher. 35 (3): 125–129. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.525.3586. doi:10.2307/4444260. JSTOR 4444260. S2CID 207358177.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Dalrymple 2001, pp. 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". ใน Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (บ.ก.). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. Vol. 190. London: Geological Society of London. pp. 205–221. Bibcode:2001GSLSP.190..205D. doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. ISBN 978-1-86239-093-5. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. S2CID 130092094.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. 4 (6): 445–458. doi:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x. PMID 12492145. S2CID 8448387.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. 30 (4): 522–542. Bibcode:2004Pbio...30..522B. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 17279135.
Hoelzel, A. Rus; Fleischer, Robert C.; Campagna, Claudio; และคณะ (July 2002). "Impact of a population bottleneck on symmetry and genetic diversity in the northern elephant seal". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 15 (4): 567–575. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00419.x. S2CID 85821330.
Ciccarelli, Francesca D.; Doerks, Tobias; von Mering, Christian; และคณะ (March 3, 2006). "Toward Automatic Reconstruction of a Highly Resolved Tree of Life". Science. 311 (5765): 1283–1287. Bibcode:2006Sci...311.1283C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.381.9514. doi:10.1126/science.1123061. PMID 16513982. S2CID 1615592.
Dobzhansky, Theodosius (March 1973). "Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution". The American Biology Teacher. 35 (3): 125–129. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.525.3586. doi:10.2307/4444260. JSTOR 4444260. S2CID 207358177.
Ayala, Francisco J. (2005). "The Structure of Evolutionary Theory: on Stephen Jay Gould's Monumental Masterpiece". Theology and Science. 3 (1): 104. doi:10.1080/14746700500039800. S2CID 4293004.

si.edu

sil.si.edu

Janzen, Daniel H. (1974). "Swollen-Thorn Acacias of Central America" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. 13 (13): 1–131. doi:10.5479/si.0081024X.13. OCLC 248582653. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-31.

smithsonianmag.com

Sulloway, Frank J. (December 2005). "The Evolution of Charles Darwin". Smithsonian. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. ISSN 0037-7333. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.

talkorigins.org

Moran, Laurance (January 22, 1993). "The Modern Synthesis of Genetics and Evolution". TalkOrigins Archive. Houston, TX: The TalkOrigins Foundation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-09.
Theobald, Douglas (2004). "29+ Evidences for Macroevolution" (PDF). TalkOrigins Archive. Houston, TX: The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. Part 2: "Whales with hindlimbs". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-27.
Boxhorn, Joseph (September 1, 1995). "Observed Instances of Speciation". TalkOrigins Archive. Houston, TX: The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-05-10.

telegraph.co.uk

Pearlman, Jonathan (13 November 2013). "'Oldest signs of life on Earth found'". The Daily Telegraph. London: Telegraph Media Group. สืบค้นเมื่อ 15 December 2014.

txtwriter.com

Johnson, George B. "Convergent and Divergent Evolution". Dr. George Johnson's Backgrounders. St. Louis, MO: Txtwriter, Inc. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-03-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-06.
Johnson, George B. "Vestigial Structures". Dr. George Johnson's Backgrounders. St. Louis, MO: Txtwriter, Inc. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-03-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-06.

ubc.ca

scq.ubc.ca

Hall, Hardy (7 November 2005). "Transgene Escape: Are Traditional Corn Varieties In Mexico Threatened by Transgenic Corn Crops". The Scientific Creative Quarterly. Vancouver and Kelowna, BC: University of British Columbia. สืบค้นเมื่อ 14 December 2007.

ucsc.edu

genome.ucsc.edu

"Cons 46-Way Track Settings". UCSC Genome Bioinformatics. Santa Cruz, CA: University of California, Santa Cruz. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.

uiuc.edu

maizecoop.cropsci.uiuc.edu

"Maize COOP Information". National Plant Germplasm System. United States Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service. 23 November 2010. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.

usgs.gov

pubs.usgs.gov

"Age of the Earth". United States Geological Survey. July 9, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-05-29.

uvm.edu

Gould, Stephen Jay (August 1991). "Opus 200" (PDF). Natural History. Research Triangle Park, NC: Natural History Magazine, Inc. 100 (8): 12–18.

vqronline.org

Eldredge, Niles (Spring 2006). "Confessions of a Darwinist". Virginia Quarterly Review. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia. 82 (2): 32–53. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-09-06. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-07.

web.archive.org

Borenstein, Seth (13 November 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-06-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 30 May 2015.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2018-10-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
"How many species are there?". Enviroliteracy.org. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Literacy Council. June 17, 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-01-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.
Rhee, Seung Yon. "Gregor Mendel (1822–1884)". Access Excellence. Atlanta, GA: National Health Museum. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2014-12-27. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-07.
Eldredge, Niles (Spring 2006). "Confessions of a Darwinist". Virginia Quarterly Review. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia. 82 (2): 32–53. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-09-06. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-07.
Quammen, David (November 2004). "Was Darwin Wrong?". National Geographic (Online extra). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ December 15, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-23.
Delgado, Cynthia (July 28, 2006). "Finding the Evolution in Medicine". NIH Record. 58 (15): 1, 8–9. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 24, 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ January 9, 2015.
Ghiselin, Michael T. (September–October 1994). "The Imaginary Lamarck: A Look at Bogus 'History' in Schoolbooks". The Textbook Letter. Sausalito, CA: The Textbook League. OCLC 23228649. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-02-12. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (ลิงก์)
Johnson, George B. "Convergent and Divergent Evolution". Dr. George Johnson's Backgrounders. St. Louis, MO: Txtwriter, Inc. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-03-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-06.
Johnson, George B. "Vestigial Structures". Dr. George Johnson's Backgrounders. St. Louis, MO: Txtwriter, Inc. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-03-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-06.
Lovgren, Stefan (August 31, 2005). "Chimps, Humans 96 Percent the Same, Gene Study Finds". National Geographic News. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 5, 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-23.
"How many species are there?". Enviroliteracy.org. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Literacy Council. June 17, 2008. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2015-01-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Dalrymple 2001, pp. 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". ใน Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (บ.ก.). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. Vol. 190. London: Geological Society of London. pp. 205–221. Bibcode:2001GSLSP.190..205D. doi:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. ISBN 978-1-86239-093-5. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. S2CID 130092094.
Raven & Johnson 2002, p. 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-112261-0. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (16 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. Bibcode:2013AsBio..13.1103N. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. ISSN 1531-1074. PMC 3870916. PMID 24205812.
Ohtomo, Yoko; Kakegawa, Takeshi; Ishida, Akizumi; และคณะ (January 2014). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience. London: Nature Publishing Group. 7 (1): 25–28. Bibcode:2014NatGe...7...25O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. ISSN 1752-0894.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; และคณะ (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. 112: 201517557. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 4664351. PMID 26483481. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 6 November 2015. สืบค้นเมื่อ 20 October 2015. Early edition, published online before print.
Novacek, Michael J. (8 November 2014). "Prehistory's Brilliant Future". The New York Times. New York: The New York Times Company. ISSN 0362-4331. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 December 2014.
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; และคณะ (23 August 2011). "How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?". PLOS Biology. San Francisco, CA: PLOS. 9 (8): e1001127. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127. ISSN 1545-7885. PMC 3160336. PMID 21886479.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-187-3. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264.
Gould 2002 Gould, Stephen Jay (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-00613-3. LCCN 2001043556. OCLC 47869352.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (บ.ก.). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. doi:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. ISSN 1931-7913. PMC 2424310. PMID 18519614.
Farber 2000, p. 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-6390-5. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207.
Darwin 2005 Darwin, Charles (2005). Darwin: The Indelible Stamp: The Evolution of an Idea. Edited, with foreword and commentary by James D. Watson. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press. ISBN 978-0-7624-2136-7. OCLC 62172858.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Charles Darwin: gentleman naturalist". The Complete Works of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-16.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Fertilisation of Orchids". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-07.
Darwin 1872, p. 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610.
Ghiselin, Michael T. (September–October 1994). "The Imaginary Lamarck: A Look at Bogus 'History' in Schoolbooks". The Textbook Letter. Sausalito, CA: The Textbook League. OCLC 23228649. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2008-02-12. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (ลิงก์)
Gould 1980, p. 24 Gould, Stephen Jay (1980). The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-01380-1. LCCN 80015952. OCLC 6331415.
"Frequently Asked Questions About Evolution". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.
"A Modern Mass Extinction?". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.
Futuyma 1998, p. Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. Vol. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. ISBN 978-0-387-20191-7. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891.
Campbell & Reece 2002, pp. 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. Vol. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 978-0-8053-6624-2. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441.
Robinson, Richard, บ.ก. (2003). "Population Bottleneck". Genetics. New York: Macmillan Reference US. ISBN 978-0-02-865606-9. LCCN 2002003560. OCLC 49278650. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-04-07.
Futuyma 1998, pp. 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-189-7. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100.
"Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-04-07.
Larson 2004, pp. 231–237 Larson, Edward J. (2004). Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory. New York: Modern Library. ISBN 978-0-679-64288-6. LCCN 2003064888. OCLC 53483597.
Bowler 2003, pp. 325–339 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Tattersall 1995, pp. 5–6 Tattersall, Ian (1995). The Fossil Trail: How We Know What We Think We Know About Human Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506101-7. LCCN 94031633. OCLC 30972979.
Lyell 1830, p. 76 Lyell, Charles (1830). Principles of Geology, Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface, by Reference to Causes Now in Operation. London: John Murray. LCCN 45042424. OCLC 670356586.
NAS 2008, p. 22 National Academy of Sciences; Institute of Medicine (2008). Science, Evolution, and Creationism. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-10586-6. LCCN 2007015904. OCLC 123539346. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2014-07-31.
Gould 1995, p. 360 Gould, Stephen Jay (1995). Dinosaur in a Haystack: Reflections in Natural History. New York: Harmony Books. ISBN 978-0-517-70393-9. LCCN 95051333. OCLC 33892123.
Diamond 1992, p. 16 Diamond, Jared (1992). The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal (1st ed.). New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-018307-3. LCCN 91050455. OCLC 24246928.
"Glossary". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-23.
Mayr 2001, pp. 25–27 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Weichert & Presch 1975, p. 8 Weichert, Charles K.; Presch, William (1975). Elements of Chordate Anatomy. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-069008-0. LCCN 74017151. OCLC 1032188.
Bowler 2003, pp. 150–151, 174 Bowler, Peter J. (2003). Evolution: The History of an Idea (3rd completely rev. and expanded ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23693-6. LCCN 2002007569. OCLC 49824702.
Coyne 2009, pp. 102–103 Coyne, Jerry A. (2009). Why Evolution is True. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-02053-9. LCCN 2008033973. OCLC 233549529.
NAS 1998, =5787&page=27 "Evolution and the Nature of Science" National Academy of Sciences (1998). Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-06364-7. LCCN 98016100. OCLC 245727856. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-10.
Carroll, Grenier & Weatherbee 2005 Carroll, Sean B.; Grenier, Jennifer K.; Weatherbee, Scott D. (2005). From DNA to Diversity: Molecular Genetics and the Evolution of Animal Design (2nd ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-1950-4. LCCN 2003027991. OCLC 53972564.
Janzen, Daniel H. (1974). "Swollen-Thorn Acacias of Central America" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. 13 (13): 1–131. doi:10.5479/si.0081024X.13. OCLC 248582653. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-31.
Mayr 2001, pp. 165–169 Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04426-9. LCCN 2001036562. OCLC 47443814.
Sulloway, Frank J. (December 2005). "The Evolution of Charles Darwin". Smithsonian. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. ISSN 0037-7333. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-01-11.
Mayr 1970, p. 348 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.
Mayr 1970 Mayr, Ernst (1970). Populations, Species, and Evolution: An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-69010-3. LCCN 79111486. OCLC 114063.
Dawkins 1976, p. 35 "Individuals are not stable things, they are fleeting. Chromosomes too are shuffled to oblivion, like hands of cards soon after they are dealt. But the cards themselves survive the shuffling. The cards are the genes. The genes are not destroyed by crossing-over, they merely change partners and march on. Of course they march on. That is their business. They are the replicators and we are their survival machines. When we have served our purpose we are cast aside. But genes are denizens of geological time: genes are forever." Dawkins, Richard (1976). The Selfish Gene (1st ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857519-1. LCCN 76029168. OCLC 2681149.