Heptner, V. G.; Naumov, N. P. (1992) [1972. "White-chested, black bear". Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola [Mammals of the Soviet Union. Vol. II Part 1a, Sirenia and Carnivora (Sea cows; Wolves and Bears)]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 713–733.]