Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Голокост у Польщі" in Ukrainian language version.
Further Reading: "Einsatzgruppen," at the Holocaust Encyclopedia.
By the end of 1940, the forced-labor program in the General Government had registered over 700,000 Jewish men and women who were working for the German economy in ghetto businesses and as labor for projects outside the ghetto; there would be more.
The highest degree of cooperation was achieved when chairmen, or other leading Council members themselves, actively participated in preparing and executing acts of resistance, particularly in the course of liquidations of ghettos. [Prominent examples include Warsaw, Częstochowa, Radomsko, Pajęczno, Sasów, Pińsk, Mołczadź, Iwaniska, Wilno, Nieśwież, Zdzięcioł (see: Zdzięcioł Ghetto), Tuczyn (Równe), and Marcinkańce (Grodno) among others]Also in: Martin Gilbert (1986), The Holocaust: the Jewish tragedy, Collins, с. 828, ISBN 9780002163057
The range of differences in estimates might give us an idea of the problem's complexity. Thus, Avraham Pechenik estimated the number of refugees at 1,000,000.[p.1038]
{{cite book}}: Проігноровано |work= (довідка) Note: some other estimates, see for example: Engel (2005), are substantially different.The Second Republic was obliterated during the Second World War (1939–1945). As a consequence of seven years of brutal fighting and resistance to Nazi and Soviet military occupation, Poland's population was reduced by a third, from 34,849 at the end of 1938, to 23,930 in February 1946. Six million citizens...perished.[pp.19–20] (See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–46) for supplementary data.)
The 2009 study published by the IPN revised the estimated Poland's war dead at about 5.8 million Poles and Jews, including 150,000 during the Soviet occupation,[4] not including losses of Polish citizens from the Ukrainian and Belarusian ethnic groups.
{{cite book}}: Проігноровано |work= (довідка)It was such an efficient operation that on the territories controlled by the Third Reich at most only 2 percent of Polish Jews survived.
It was such an efficient operation that on the territories controlled by the Third Reich at most only 2 percent of Polish Jews survived.
Keeping in mind that these cases are drawn from published memoirs and from cases on file at Yad Vashem and the Jewish Historical Institute, it is probable that the 5,000 or so Poles who have been recognised as 'Righteous Among the Nations' so far represent only the tip of the iceberg, and that the true number of rescuers who meet the Yad Vashem 'gold standard' is 20, 50, perhaps even 100 times higher (p. 23, § 2; available with purchase).
Source: Encyclopedia of the Holocaust (1990), Baranowski, Dobroszycki, Wiesenthal, Yad Vashem Timeline of the Holocaust, others.
Including several other contingents of Polish Jews, at least 157,000 and no more than 375,000 were inadvertently saved from the Holocaust by Stalin’s Soviet Union, which provided a harsh but mostly livable alternative to genocide.
Both regimes endorsed a systematic program of genocide.
Keeping in mind that these cases are drawn from published memoirs and from cases on file at Yad Vashem and the Jewish Historical Institute, it is probable that the 5,000 or so Poles who have been recognised as 'Righteous Among the Nations' so far represent only the tip of the iceberg, and that the true number of rescuers who meet the Yad Vashem 'gold standard' is 20, 50, perhaps even 100 times higher (p. 23, § 2; available with purchase).
It was such an efficient operation that on the territories controlled by the Third Reich at most only 2 percent of Polish Jews survived.
When the Soviets occupied eastern Galicia, some 30,000 Ukrainian nationalists fled to the General Government. In 1940 the Germans began to set up military training units of Ukrainians, and in the spring of 1941 Ukrainian units were established by the Wehrmacht.See also: Marek Getter (1996). Policja w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie 1939–1945. Przegląd Policyjny nr 1-2. Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Policji w Szczytnie. с. 1—22. WebCite cache. Архів оригіналу за 26 червня 2013.
{{cite web}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання)Further Reading: "Einsatzgruppen," at the Holocaust Encyclopedia.
The 2009 study published by the IPN revised the estimated Poland's war dead at about 5.8 million Poles and Jews, including 150,000 during the Soviet occupation,[4] not including losses of Polish citizens from the Ukrainian and Belarusian ethnic groups.
{{cite book}}: Проігноровано |work= (довідка){{cite journal}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання)Both regimes endorsed a systematic program of genocide.
Further Reading: "Einsatzgruppen," at the Holocaust Encyclopedia.
Source: Encyclopedia of the Holocaust (1990), Baranowski, Dobroszycki, Wiesenthal, Yad Vashem Timeline of the Holocaust, others.
The highest degree of cooperation was achieved when chairmen, or other leading Council members themselves, actively participated in preparing and executing acts of resistance, particularly in the course of liquidations of ghettos. [Prominent examples include Warsaw, Częstochowa, Radomsko, Pajęczno, Sasów, Pińsk, Mołczadź, Iwaniska, Wilno, Nieśwież, Zdzięcioł (see: Zdzięcioł Ghetto), Tuczyn (Równe), and Marcinkańce (Grodno) among others]Also in: Martin Gilbert (1986), The Holocaust: the Jewish tragedy, Collins, с. 828, ISBN 9780002163057
{{citation}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання) Also in: Shmuel Krakowski (2010), Armed Resistance, YIVO, архів оригіналу за 2 червня 2011When the Soviets occupied eastern Galicia, some 30,000 Ukrainian nationalists fled to the General Government. In 1940 the Germans began to set up military training units of Ukrainians, and in the spring of 1941 Ukrainian units were established by the Wehrmacht.See also: Marek Getter (1996). Policja w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie 1939–1945. Przegląd Policyjny nr 1-2. Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Policji w Szczytnie. с. 1—22. WebCite cache. Архів оригіналу за 26 червня 2013.
{{cite web}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання)When the Soviets occupied eastern Galicia, some 30,000 Ukrainian nationalists fled to the General Government. In 1940 the Germans began to set up military training units of Ukrainians, and in the spring of 1941 Ukrainian units were established by the Wehrmacht.See also: Marek Getter (1996). Policja w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie 1939–1945. Przegląd Policyjny nr 1-2. Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Policji w Szczytnie. с. 1—22. WebCite cache. Архів оригіналу за 26 червня 2013.
{{cite web}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання){{citation}}: Обслуговування CS1: bot: Сторінки з посиланнями на джерела, де статус оригінального URL невідомий (посилання) Also in: Shmuel Krakowski (2010), Armed Resistance, YIVO, архів оригіналу за 2 червня 2011