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Khaldun, ibn. The Muqaddimah(PDF). Архів оригіналу(PDF) за 13 квітня 2021. Процитовано 3 травня 2021. Translated by Franz Rosenthal.
Conrad, David; Fisher, Humphrey (1 січня 1982). The Conquest That Never Was: Ghana and the Almoravids, 1076. I. The External Arabic Sources. History in Africa. 9: 21—59. doi:10.2307/3171598. JSTOR3171598.