Olivier Roy (2004)۔ Globalized Islam: The Search for a New Ummah۔ Columbia University Press۔ ص 92–93۔ ISBN:9780231134996۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2015-04-04۔ In Egypt the number of teaching institutes dependent on Al-Azhar University increased from 1855 in 1986-7 to 4314 in 1995-6.