ہسپانوی خانہ جنگی (Urdu Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "ہسپانوی خانہ جنگی" in Urdu language version.

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15archive.org

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adar.es

"Potez 540/542"۔ 11 اگست 2011 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ

amazon.com

Hayes 1951. Carlton J.H. Hayes (1951)۔ The United States and Spain. An Interpretation۔ Sheed & Ward; 1ST edition۔ ASIN B0014JCVS0

amazon.es

Alfonso Alvarez Bolado (28 February 1996)۔ Para ganar la guerra, para ganar la paz. Iglesia y Guerra Civil (1936–1939) (Estudios)۔ ASIN 8487840795

archive.org

Santos Juliá (1999)۔ Un siglo de España. Política y sociedad۔ Madrid: Marcial Pons۔ ISBN 84-9537903-1۔ Fue desde luego lucha de clases por las armas, en la que alguien podía morir por cubrirse la cabeza con un sombrero o calzarse con alpargatas los pies, pero no fue en menor medida guerra de religión, de nacionalismos enfrentados, guerra entre dictadura militar y democracia republicana, entre revolución y contrarrevolución, entre fascismo y comunismo.
Beevor 2006. Antony Beevor (2006) [1982]۔ The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939۔ London, England: Weidenfeld & Nicolson۔ ISBN 0-297-84832-1
Preston 2006. Paul Preston (2006)۔ The Spanish Civil War: Reaction, Revolution, and Revenge۔ New York, NY: WW Norton & Co.۔ ISBN 0-393-32987-9
Westwell 2004. Ian Westwell (2004)۔ Condor Legion: The Wehrmacht's Training Ground۔ Ian Allan
Howson 1998. Gerald Howson (1998)۔ Arms for Spain۔ New York, NY: St. Martin's Press۔ ISBN 0-312-24177-1۔ OCLC 231874197
Dawson 2013. Ashley Dawson (2013)۔ The Routledge Concise History of Twentieth-century British Literature۔ New York, NY: Routledge۔ ISBN 978-0-415-57245-3
Sebastian Balfour، Paul Preston (2009)۔ Spain and the great powers in the twentieth century۔ London; New York: Routledge۔ صفحہ: 172۔ ISBN 978-0-415-18078-8
Neill Lochery (2011)۔ Lisbon: War in the Shadows of the City of Light, 1939–1945۔ PublicAffairs; 1 edition۔ صفحہ: 19۔ ISBN 978-1586488796
Hugh Kay (1970)۔ Salazar and Modern Portugal۔ New York: Hawthorn Books۔ صفحہ: 117
Othen 2008. Christopher Othen (2008)۔ Franco's International Brigades: Foreign Volunteers and Fascist Dictators in the Spanish Civil War۔ London, England: Reportage Press
Richardson 1982. R. Dan Richardson (1982) [first publishes as an academic thesis in 1969]۔ Comintern Army: The International Brigades and the Spanish Civil War۔ Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky۔ ISBN 9780813154466
Graham 2005. Helen Graham (2005)۔ The Spanish Civil War: A very short introduction۔ New York, NY: Oxford University Press۔ ISBN 978-0-19-280377-1۔ doi:10.1093/actrade/9780192803771.001.0001
Seidman 2002. Michael Seidman (2002)۔ Republic of egos : a social history of the Spanish Civil War۔ University of Wisconsin Press۔ ISBN 9780299178635
Beevor 2006, p. 82. Antony Beevor (2006) [1982]۔ The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939۔ London, England: Weidenfeld & Nicolson۔ ISBN 0-297-84832-1
Hugh Thomas (2001)۔ The Spanish Civil War۔ Modern Library۔ صفحہ: xviii & 899–901

basquechildren.org

"History of the arrival of the Basque Children to England in 1937"۔ BasqueChildren.org۔ Basque Children of '37 Association۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 16 اگست 2011

bbc.co.uk

"Wales and the refugee children of the Basque country"۔ BBC Wales۔ 2012-12-03۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 27 مئی 2016

boe.es

Orden, circular, creando un Comisariado general de Guerra con la misión que se indica [Order, circular, creating a general comisariat of war with the indicated mission] (PDF) (بزبان ہسپانوی)۔ IV۔ Gaceta de Madrid: diario oficial de la República۔ 16 October 1936۔ صفحہ: 355

books.google.com

Stanley Sandler (2002)۔ Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia۔ ABC-CLIO۔ صفحہ: 160۔ ISBN 9781576073445
Seidman 2011. Michael Seidman (2011)۔ The Victorious Counter-revolution: The Nationalist Effort in the Spanish Civil War۔ University of Wisconsin Press۔ ISBN 978-0-299-24964-9
Payne 2008. Stanley G. Payne (2008)۔ Franco and Hitler: Spain, Germany, and World War II۔ نیو ہیون، کنیکٹیکٹ, CT: Yale University Press۔ ISBN 978-0-300-12282-4
Coverdale 2002. John F. Coverdale (2002)۔ Uncommon faith: the early years of Opus Dei, 1928–1943۔ New York, NY: Scepter۔ ISBN 978-1-889334-74-5
Emanuel Adler، Vincent Pouliot (2011)۔ International Practices۔ Cambridge University Press۔ صفحہ: 184–185۔ ISBN 978-1-139-50158-3۔ doi:10.1017/CBO9780511862373
Howard J. Wiarda (1977)۔ Corporatism and Development: The Portuguese Experience (First ایڈیشن)۔ Univ of Massachusetts Press۔ صفحہ: 160۔ ISBN 978-0870232213
Bowen 2006. Wayne H. Bowen (2006)۔ Spain During World War II۔ University of Missouri Press۔ ISBN 978-0-8262-1658-8
Hubert Jedin، John Dolan (1981)۔ History of the Church۔ Continuum۔ صفحہ: 607۔ ISBN 978-0-86012-092-6
Payne 1999. Stanley G. Payne (1999)۔ Fascism in Spain, 1923–1977۔ University of Wisconsin Press۔ ISBN 0-299-16564-7

britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk

some press estimates from the era, see e.g. "one and a half million Spaniards have already been killed in the war", Spain's War Goes On, [in:] Daily Record [Britain] March 28, 1939

brown.edu

Maria Inácia Rezola, "The Franco–Salazar Meetings: Foreign policy and Iberian relations during the Dictatorships (1942–1963)" E-Journal of Portuguese History (2008) 6#2 pp. 1–11. online

burbuja.info

Lee, Stephen J. (2000), European Dictatorships, 1918–1945, آئی ایس بی این 978-0415230452, p. 248; "a reasonable estimate, and a rather conservative one", Howard Griffin, John, Simon, Yves René (1974), Jacques Maritain: Homage in Words and Pictures, آئی ایس بی این 978-0873430463, p. 11; military casualties only, Ash, Russell (2003), The Top 10 of Everything 2004, آئی ایس بی این 978-0789496591, p. 68; lowest considered estimate, Brennan (1978), p. 20. The phrase of "one million dead" became a cliche since the 1960s, and many older Spaniards might repeat that "yo siempre había escuchado lo del millon de muertos", compare burbuja service, available here. This is so due to extreme popularity of a 1961 novel Un millón de muertos by José María Gironella, even though the author many times declared that he had in mind those "muerto espiritualmente", referred after Diez Nicolas, Juan (1985), La mortalidad en la Guerra Civil Española, [in:] Boletín de la Asociación de Demografía Histórica III/1, p. 42. Scholars claim also that the figure of "one million deaths" was continuously repeated by Francoist authorities "to drive home the point of having saved the country form ruin", Encarnación, Omar G. (2008), Spanish Politics: Democracy After Dictatorship, آئی ایس بی این 978-0745639925, p. 24, and became one of the "mitos principales del franquismo", referred as "myth no. 9" in Reig Tapia, Alberto (2017), La crítica de la crítica: Inconsecuentes, insustanciales, impotentes, prepotentes y equidistantes, آئی ایس بی این 978-8432318658
Lee, Stephen J. (2000), European Dictatorships, 1918–1945, آئی ایس بی این 978-0415230452, p. 248; "a reasonable estimate, and a rather conservative one", Howard Griffin, John, Simon, Yves René (1974), Jacques Maritain: Homage in Words and Pictures, آئی ایس بی این 978-0873430463, p. 11; military casualties only, Ash, Russell (2003), The Top 10 of Everything 2004, آئی ایس بی این 978-0789496591, p. 68; lowest considered estimate, Brennan (1978), p. 20. The phrase of "one million dead" became a cliche since the 1960s, and many older Spaniards might repeat that "yo siempre había escuchado lo del millon de muertos", compare burbuja service, available here. This is so due to extreme popularity of a 1961 novel Un millón de muertos by José María Gironella, even though the author many times declared that he had in mind those "muerto espiritualmente", referred after Diez Nicolas, Juan (1985), La mortalidad en la Guerra Civil Española, [in:] Boletín de la Asociación de Demografía Histórica III/1, p. 42. Scholars claim also that the figure of "one million deaths" was continuously repeated by Francoist authorities "to drive home the point of having saved the country form ruin", Encarnación, Omar G. (2008), Spanish Politics: Democracy After Dictatorship, آئی ایس بی این 978-0745639925, p. 24, and became one of the "mitos principales del franquismo", referred as "myth no. 9" in Reig Tapia, Alberto (2017), La crítica de la crítica: Inconsecuentes, insustanciales, impotentes, prepotentes y equidistantes, آئی ایس بی این 978-8432318658

cambridge.org

Payne 2012. Stanley G. Payne (2012)۔ The Spanish Civil War۔ Cambridge University Press۔ ISBN 978-0-521-17470-1

doi.org

Edward C. Hansen (2 January 1984)۔ "The Anarchists of Casas Viejas (Book Review)"۔ Ethnohistory۔ 31 (3): 235–236۔ doi:10.2307/482644
Emanuel Adler، Vincent Pouliot (2011)۔ International Practices۔ Cambridge University Press۔ صفحہ: 184–185۔ ISBN 978-1-139-50158-3۔ doi:10.1017/CBO9780511862373
Graham 2005. Helen Graham (2005)۔ The Spanish Civil War: A very short introduction۔ New York, NY: Oxford University Press۔ ISBN 978-0-19-280377-1۔ doi:10.1093/actrade/9780192803771.001.0001
José-Paulino Fernández-Álvarez، David Rubio-Melendi، Antxoka Martínez-Velasco، Jamie K. Pringle، Hector-David Aguilera (2016)۔ "Discovery of a mass grave from the Spanish Civil War using Ground Penetrating Radar and forensic archaeology"۔ Forensic Science International۔ 267: e10–e17۔ PMID 27318840۔ doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.040

dropbox.com

dl.dropbox.com

E. Allison Peers، James Hogan (December 1936)۔ "The Basques and the Spanish Civil War" (PDF)۔ Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review۔ Irish Province of the Society of Jesus۔ 25 (100): 540–542۔ ISSN 0039-3495۔ 05 دسمبر 2011 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020

elpais.com

"the war cost about 750,000 Spanish lives", A Dictionary of World History (2006), آئی ایس بی این 978-0192807007, p. 602; also "la poblacion de Espana en 1939 contaba 750,000 personas menos que las esperables si no hubiera habido guerra", ¿Cuántas víctimas se cobró la Guerra Civil? ¿Dónde hubo más?, [in:] El Pais 27.02.2019 [accessed December 7, 2019]

generalisimofranco.com

initial estimate of Ramón Salas Larrazábal, El mito del millón de muertos, includes victims of malnutrition, cold etc, includes birth deficit assumed to be caused by the war

google.com.hk

translate.google.com.hk

R. Salas Larrazáhal۔ "Aspectos militares de la Guerra Civil española"۔ 19 مارچ 2022 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020

gutenberg-e.org

Daniel Kowalsky۔ "The Evacuation of Spanish Children to the Soviet Union"۔ Gutenburg E۔ Columbia University Press۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 16 اگست 2011

hathitrust.org

babel.hathitrust.org

Claude G. Bowers (30 November 2019)۔ My Mission to Spain. Watching the Rehearsal for World War II۔ New York, NY: Simon & Schuster

histoire-immigration.fr

Film documentary on the website of the Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration

historyireland.com

"Review of O'Riordan's memoir"۔ 04 جون 2020 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020

historynet.com

Musciano, Walter. "Spanish Civil War: German Condor Legion's Tactical Air Power", History Net, 2004. Retrieved on 2 July 2015.

historytoday.com

"Refugees and the Spanish Civil War | History Today"

iberlibro.com

Antonio Montero Moreno (1998)۔ Historia de la persecución religiosa de España 1936 – 1939۔ Biblioteca de autores cristianos

jstor.org

Casanova, Julián. "Terror and Violence: The Dark Face of Spanish Anarchism." International Labor and Working-Class History, no. 67 (2005): 79–99. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27672986.
MARTÍN-ACEÑA, MARTÍNEZ RUIZ & PONS 2012. Pablo MARTÍN-ACEÑA، Elena MARTÍNEZ RUIZ، María A. PONS (2012)۔ "War and Economics: Spanish Civil War Finances Revisited"۔ European Review of Economic History,۔ 16 (2): 144–165۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 05 جون 2020
in nominal terms, in terms of purchasing power the growth was smaller; nominal figures were 396m ptas in the 2nd half of 1936 and 847m ptas in the 2nd half of 1938, MARTÍN-ACEÑA, MARTÍNEZ RUIZ & PONS 2012 Pablo MARTÍN-ACEÑA، Elena MARTÍNEZ RUIZ، María A. PONS (2012)۔ "War and Economics: Spanish Civil War Finances Revisited"۔ European Review of Economic History,۔ 16 (2): 144–165۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 05 جون 2020
MARTÍN-ACEÑA, MARTÍNEZ RUIZ & PONS 2012, pp. 144–165. Pablo MARTÍN-ACEÑA، Elena MARTÍNEZ RUIZ، María A. PONS (2012)۔ "War and Economics: Spanish Civil War Finances Revisited"۔ European Review of Economic History,۔ 16 (2): 144–165۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 05 جون 2020
Cueva, Julio de la, "Religious Persecution", Journal of Contemporary History, 3, 198, pp. 355–369. جے سٹور 261121

kbismarck.com

"Warships of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)"۔ 24 جون 2020 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020

keele.ac.uk

eprints.keele.ac.uk

José-Paulino Fernández-Álvarez، David Rubio-Melendi، Antxoka Martínez-Velasco، Jamie K. Pringle، Hector-David Aguilera (2016)۔ "Discovery of a mass grave from the Spanish Civil War using Ground Penetrating Radar and forensic archaeology"۔ Forensic Science International۔ 267: e10–e17۔ PMID 27318840۔ doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.040

larousse.fr

145,000 KIA, 134,000 executed, 630,000 due to sickness, cold etc., Guerre civile d'Espagne, [in:] Encyclopedie Larousse online, available here
Guerre civile d'Espagne, [in:] Encyclopedie Larousse online, available here

moma.org

Museum of Modern Art.

museoreinasofia.es

Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, El pueblo español tiene un camino que conduce a una estrella (maqueta) (There Is a Way for the Spanish People That Leads to a Star [Maquette]).

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

José-Paulino Fernández-Álvarez، David Rubio-Melendi، Antxoka Martínez-Velasco، Jamie K. Pringle، Hector-David Aguilera (2016)۔ "Discovery of a mass grave from the Spanish Civil War using Ground Penetrating Radar and forensic archaeology"۔ Forensic Science International۔ 267: e10–e17۔ PMID 27318840۔ doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.040

npr.org

Lyden, Jacki. "Spanish Civil War Volunteers Revisit Battlegrounds," National Public Radio, October 8, 2006, accessed March 29, 2015, https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6221378.

nuestro.cl

Winnipeg, el poema que cruzó el Atlántico آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ nuestro.cl (Error: unknown archive URL)

oclc.org

search.ebscohost.com.ccl.idm.oclc.org

Alexander Cooley (2008)۔ Base Politics : Democratic Change and the U.S. Military Overseas۔ Ithaca: Cornell University Press۔ صفحہ: 57–64۔ ISBN 978-0801446054

oneonta.edu

SUNY Oneota, Picasso's Guernica.

pablopicasso.org

Pablo Picasso.

planetadelibros.com

Santos Juliá، Josep M. Solé، Joan Vilarroya، Julián Casanova (1999)۔ Víctimas de la guerra civil۔ Ediciones Martínez Roca۔ صفحہ: 58

poteau.k12.ok.us

phs.poteau.k12.ok.us

Stanley Meisler, For Joan Miró, Painting and Poetry Were the Same.

pragda.com

Paul Preston (19 January 2008)۔ "Paul Preston lecture: The Crimes of Franco" (PDF)۔ 07 فروری 2011 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 16 اگست 2011

proquest.com

public.ebookcentral.proquest.com

Robert H. Whealey (1989)۔ Hitler and Spain : The Nazi Role in the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939 (1 ایڈیشن)۔ University Press of Kentucky۔ صفحہ: 72–94۔ ISBN 978-0813148632 ^{[مردہ ربط]}

qub.ac.uk

Nicola Rooney۔ "The role of the Catholic hierarchy in the rise to power of General Franco" (PDF)۔ Queen's University, Belfast۔ 04 اپریل 2014 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020

reuters.com

"Morocco tackles painful role in Spain's past آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ reuters.com (Error: unknown archive URL)," Reuters 14 January 2009.

rug.nl

in the mid-1930s the Spanish GDP was 23% of the British one, 37% of the French one and 48% of the Italian one, see e.g. Maddison Angus, Historical Statistics of the World Economy, available here

spartacus-educational.com

stanford.edu

cgi.stanford.edu

Professor Hilton (27 October 2005)۔ "Spain: Repression under Franco after the Civil War"۔ cgi.stanford.edu۔ 07 دسمبر 2008 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 24 جون 2009

tate.org.uk

TATE آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ tate.org.uk (Error: unknown archive URL), 'The Reaper': Miró's Civil War protest.

thedustbinofhistory.wordpress.com

"Los Niños of Southampton"۔ The Dustbin of History۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 29 مئی 2016

uca.edu

libro.uca.edu

Payne 1973. Stanley G. Payne (1973)۔ "The Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939"۔ A History of Spain and Portugal۔ 2۔ University of Wisconsin Press۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 15 مئی 2007 – Library of Iberian resources online سے
Payne 1973, p. 650. Stanley G. Payne (1973)۔ "The Spanish Civil War of 1936–1939"۔ A History of Spain and Portugal۔ 2۔ University of Wisconsin Press۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 15 مئی 2007 – Library of Iberian resources online سے

ucsd.edu

orpheus.ucsd.edu

"Shots of War: Photojournalism During the Spanish Civil War"۔ Orpheus.ucsd.edu۔ 09 مارچ 2009 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 24 جون 2009

web.archive.org

R. Salas Larrazáhal۔ "Aspectos militares de la Guerra Civil española"۔ 19 مارچ 2022 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020
"Warships of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939)"۔ 24 جون 2020 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020
Nicola Rooney۔ "The role of the Catholic hierarchy in the rise to power of General Franco" (PDF)۔ Queen's University, Belfast۔ 04 اپریل 2014 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020
E. Allison Peers، James Hogan (December 1936)۔ "The Basques and the Spanish Civil War" (PDF)۔ Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review۔ Irish Province of the Society of Jesus۔ 25 (100): 540–542۔ ISSN 0039-3495۔ 05 دسمبر 2011 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020
"Review of O'Riordan's memoir"۔ 04 جون 2020 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جولا‎ئی 2020
"Potez 540/542"۔ 11 اگست 2011 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ
Professor Hilton (27 October 2005)۔ "Spain: Repression under Franco after the Civil War"۔ cgi.stanford.edu۔ 07 دسمبر 2008 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 24 جون 2009
Paul Preston (19 January 2008)۔ "Paul Preston lecture: The Crimes of Franco" (PDF)۔ 07 فروری 2011 میں اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 16 اگست 2011
"Shots of War: Photojournalism During the Spanish Civil War"۔ Orpheus.ucsd.edu۔ 09 مارچ 2009 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 24 جون 2009

wikipedia.org

es.wikipedia.org

the number which emerges from the official statistics as provided during the early Francoist era and calculated later by Ramón Tamames, who analyses the figures released in 1951 by Instituto Nacional de Estadistica. Tamames added figures reported in the "violent deaths" rubric for 1936, 1937 and 1938 and 25% of the same category for 1939; then he deducted annual averages for "violent deaths" reported by INE in the mid-1930s to arrive at 149,213. Tamames suggests that the actual figure is probably "mucho mayor", Tamames (2011)

en.wikipedia.org

Robert H. Whealey (1989)۔ Hitler and Spain : The Nazi Role in the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939 (1 ایڈیشن)۔ University Press of Kentucky۔ صفحہ: 72–94۔ ISBN 978-0813148632 ^{[مردہ ربط]}

worldcat.org

Thomas 1961. Hugh Thomas (1961) [1961, 1987, 2001]۔ The Spanish Civil War۔ London, England: Penguin۔ ISBN 0-14-101161-0۔ OCLC 248799351
Howson 1998. Gerald Howson (1998)۔ Arms for Spain۔ New York, NY: St. Martin's Press۔ ISBN 0-312-24177-1۔ OCLC 231874197
Payne, Stanley G. (1970), The Spanish Revolution, OCLC 54588, p. 315
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