Collins, Kassondra L; Russell, Hannah G. (2018). "A review of current theories and treatments for phantom limb pain". J Clin Invest128 (6): 2168–2176. doi:10.1172/JCI94003. PMID29856366. PMC5983333. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5983333. "Currently, the most commonly posited CNS theory is the cortical remapping theory (CRT), in which the brain is believed to respond to limb loss by reorganizing somatosensory maps (16)... While an amputation directly affects the PNS, the CNS is also affected due to changes in sensory and movement signaling. Debate still remains over the cause and maintaining factors of both phantom limbs and the associated pain."
Kaur, Amreet; Guan, Yuxi (2018). "Phantom limb pain: A literature review". Chin J Traumatol21 (6): 366–368. doi:10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.006. PMID30583983. PMC6354174. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6354174. "It is unsurprising that with an amputation that such an intricate highway of information transport to and from the periphery may have the potential for problematic neurologic developments...Although phantom limb sensation has already been described and proposed by French military surgeon Ambroise Pare 500 years ago, there is still no detailed explanation of its mechanisms."
McCormick, Z; Chang-Chien, G; Marshall, B; Huang, M; Harden, RN (February 2014). "Phantom limb pain: a systematic neuroanatomical-based review of pharmacologic treatment.". Pain Medicine15 (2): 292–305. doi:10.1111/pme.12283. PMID24224475.
Bosanquet, DC.; Glasbey, JC.; Stimpson, A.; Williams, IM.; Twine, CP. (Jun 2015). "Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Perineural Local Anaesthetic Catheters after Major Lower Limb Amputation.". Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg50 (2): 241–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.04.030. PMID26067167.
Ramachandran, V. S., Rogers-Ramachandran, D. C., Cobb, S. (1995). "Touching the phantom". Nature377 (6549): 489–490. doi:10.1038/377489a0. PMID7566144.
Barbin J., Seetha V., Casillas J.M., Paysant J., Pérennou D. (September 2016). "The effects of mirror therapy on pain and motor control of phantom limb in amputees: A systematic review". Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine59:4 (4): 270–275. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.001. PMID27256539. "" "The level of evidence is insufficient to recommend MT as a first intention treatment for PLP"""
Campo-Prieto, P; Rodríguez-Fuentes, G (November 14, 2018). "Effectiveness of mirror therapy in phantom limb pain: A literature review". Neurologia. doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2018.08.003. PMID30447854. "It is a valid, simple, and inexpensive treatment for PLP. The methodological quality of most publications in this field is very limited, highlighting the need for additional, high-quality studies to develop clinical protocols that could maximise the benefits of MT for patients with PLP."
Ahmed, A.; Bhatnagar, S.; Rana, S. P.; Ahmad, S. M.; Joshi, S.; Mishra, S. (2014). "Prevalence of phantom breast pain and sensation among postmastectomy patients suffering from breast cancer: a prospective study". Pain Pract14 (2): E17–28. doi:10.1111/papr.12089. PMID23789788.
Collins, Kassondra L; Russell, Hannah G. (2018). "A review of current theories and treatments for phantom limb pain". J Clin Invest128 (6): 2168–2176. doi:10.1172/JCI94003. PMID29856366. PMC5983333. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5983333. "Currently, the most commonly posited CNS theory is the cortical remapping theory (CRT), in which the brain is believed to respond to limb loss by reorganizing somatosensory maps (16)... While an amputation directly affects the PNS, the CNS is also affected due to changes in sensory and movement signaling. Debate still remains over the cause and maintaining factors of both phantom limbs and the associated pain."
Kaur, Amreet; Guan, Yuxi (2018). "Phantom limb pain: A literature review". Chin J Traumatol21 (6): 366–368. doi:10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.006. PMID30583983. PMC6354174. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6354174. "It is unsurprising that with an amputation that such an intricate highway of information transport to and from the periphery may have the potential for problematic neurologic developments...Although phantom limb sensation has already been described and proposed by French military surgeon Ambroise Pare 500 years ago, there is still no detailed explanation of its mechanisms."
McCormick, Z; Chang-Chien, G; Marshall, B; Huang, M; Harden, RN (February 2014). "Phantom limb pain: a systematic neuroanatomical-based review of pharmacologic treatment.". Pain Medicine15 (2): 292–305. doi:10.1111/pme.12283. PMID24224475.
Bosanquet, DC.; Glasbey, JC.; Stimpson, A.; Williams, IM.; Twine, CP. (Jun 2015). "Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Perineural Local Anaesthetic Catheters after Major Lower Limb Amputation.". Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg50 (2): 241–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.04.030. PMID26067167.
Ramachandran, V. S., Rogers-Ramachandran, D. C., Cobb, S. (1995). "Touching the phantom". Nature377 (6549): 489–490. doi:10.1038/377489a0. PMID7566144.
Barbin J., Seetha V., Casillas J.M., Paysant J., Pérennou D. (September 2016). "The effects of mirror therapy on pain and motor control of phantom limb in amputees: A systematic review". Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine59:4 (4): 270–275. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.001. PMID27256539. "" "The level of evidence is insufficient to recommend MT as a first intention treatment for PLP"""
Campo-Prieto, P; Rodríguez-Fuentes, G (November 14, 2018). "Effectiveness of mirror therapy in phantom limb pain: A literature review". Neurologia. doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2018.08.003. PMID30447854. "It is a valid, simple, and inexpensive treatment for PLP. The methodological quality of most publications in this field is very limited, highlighting the need for additional, high-quality studies to develop clinical protocols that could maximise the benefits of MT for patients with PLP."
Ahmed, A.; Bhatnagar, S.; Rana, S. P.; Ahmad, S. M.; Joshi, S.; Mishra, S. (2014). "Prevalence of phantom breast pain and sensation among postmastectomy patients suffering from breast cancer: a prospective study". Pain Pract14 (2): E17–28. doi:10.1111/papr.12089. PMID23789788.
Collins, Kassondra L; Russell, Hannah G. (2018). "A review of current theories and treatments for phantom limb pain". J Clin Invest128 (6): 2168–2176. doi:10.1172/JCI94003. PMID29856366. PMC5983333. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5983333. "Currently, the most commonly posited CNS theory is the cortical remapping theory (CRT), in which the brain is believed to respond to limb loss by reorganizing somatosensory maps (16)... While an amputation directly affects the PNS, the CNS is also affected due to changes in sensory and movement signaling. Debate still remains over the cause and maintaining factors of both phantom limbs and the associated pain."
Kaur, Amreet; Guan, Yuxi (2018). "Phantom limb pain: A literature review". Chin J Traumatol21 (6): 366–368. doi:10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.006. PMID30583983. PMC6354174. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=6354174. "It is unsurprising that with an amputation that such an intricate highway of information transport to and from the periphery may have the potential for problematic neurologic developments...Although phantom limb sensation has already been described and proposed by French military surgeon Ambroise Pare 500 years ago, there is still no detailed explanation of its mechanisms."
