… With an eye to the Treaty of Alcáçovas which only permitted westerly expansion by Castile, the Crown accepted the proposals of the Italian adventurer [Christopher Columbus] because if, contrary to all expectation, he were to prove successful, a great opportunity would arise to outmanoeuvre Portugal …, in Emmer, Piet (1999), General History of the Caribbean, vol. II, UNESCO, p. 86,
Superpowers Spain and Portugal struggled for global control and in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas the Pope divided the non-Christian world between them. In Flood, Josephine (2006), The original Australians: Story of the Aboriginal people, p.1,
Nelson H. Minnich, „Papacy“ and John F. OʻCallaghan, "Line of Demarcation, " in Bedini 1992, ss. 537–540, 423–424 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBedini1992 (help)
Superpowers Spain and Portugal struggled for global control and in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas the Pope divided the non-Christian world between them. In Flood, Josephine (2006), The original Australians: Story of the Aboriginal people, p.1,
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… With an eye to the Treaty of Alcáçovas which only permitted westerly expansion by Castile, the Crown accepted the proposals of the Italian adventurer [Christopher Columbus] because if, contrary to all expectation, he were to prove successful, a great opportunity would arise to outmanoeuvre Portugal …, in Emmer, Piet (1999), General History of the Caribbean, vol. II, UNESCO, p. 86,
Bolton, Herbert E.; Marshall, Thomas Maitland. The Colonization of North America 1492 to 1783 — 507-bet.
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William Gervase Clarence-Smith, 1986 „Spanish Equatorial Guinea, 1898-1940“, in The Cambridge History of Africa: From 1905 to 1940 Ed. J. D. Fage, A. D. Roberts, & Roland Anthony Oliver. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press>„Archived copy“. 2014-yil 20-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 23-sentyabr. (Wayback Machine saytida 2014-02-20 sanasida arxivlangan)
William Gervase Clarence-Smith, 1986 „Spanish Equatorial Guinea, 1898-1940“, in The Cambridge History of Africa: From 1905 to 1940 Ed. J. D. Fage, A. D. Roberts, & Roland Anthony Oliver. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press>„Archived copy“. 2014-yil 20-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 23-sentyabr. (Wayback Machine saytida 2014-02-20 sanasida arxivlangan)
Tutino, John, 1947-. New countries capitalism, revolutions, and nations in the Americas, 1750-1870. Duke University Press, 2016. ISBN 978-0-8223-6114-5. OCLC1107326871.
Tutino, John, 1947-. New countries capitalism, revolutions, and nations in the Americas, 1750-1870. Duke University Press, 2016. ISBN 978-0-8223-6114-5. OCLC1107326871.
