Marc, Mappen. Prohibition Gangsters: The Rise and Fall of a Bad Generation. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2013. ISBN 978-0813561158. OCLC852899302.
Nate, Hendley. American Gangsters, Then and Now: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN 978-0313354519. OCLC727948429.
Marc, Mappen. Prohibition Gangsters: The Rise and Fall of a Bad Generation. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2013. ISBN 978-0813561158. OCLC852899302.
Nate, Hendley. American Gangsters, Then and Now: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN 978-0313354519. OCLC727948429.