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Svedelius, Nils (1927), “Alternation of Generations in Relation to Reduction Division”, Botanical Gazette, 83 (4): 362–384, doi:10.1086/333745, JSTOR2470766, S2CID84406292
Shyam 1980 Shyam, R. (1980), “On the life-cycle, cytology and taxonomy of Cladophora callicoma from India”, American Journal of Botany, 67 (5): 619–24, doi:10.2307/2442655, JSTOR2442655
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Szövényi, Péter; Ricca, Mariana; Hock, Zsófia; Shaw, Jonathan A.; Shimizu, Kentaro K. & Wagner, Andreas (2013), “Selection is no more efficient in haploid than in diploid life stages of an angiosperm and a moss”, Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30 (8): 1929–39, doi:10.1093/molbev/mst095, PMID23686659
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Taylor, Kerp & Hass 2005 Taylor, T.N.; Kerp, H. & Hass, H. (2005), “Life history biology of early land plants: Deciphering the gametophyte phase”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102 (16): 5892–5897, doi:10.1073/pnas.0501985102, PMC556298, PMID15809414
Thomas, R.J.; Stanton, D.S.; Longendorfer, D.H. & Farr, M.E. (1978), “Physiological evaluation of the nutritional autonomy of a hornwort sporophyte”, Botanical Gazette, 139 (3): 306–311, doi:10.1086/337006, S2CID84413961
Kerp, H.; Trewin, N.H. & Hass, H. (2003), “New gametophytes from the Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert”, Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 94 (4): 411–428, doi:10.1017/S026359330000078X, S2CID128629425
Svedelius, Nils (1927), “Alternation of Generations in Relation to Reduction Division”, Botanical Gazette, 83 (4): 362–384, doi:10.1086/333745, JSTOR2470766, S2CID84406292
Bernstein, H.; Byers, G.S. & Michod, R.E. (1981), “Evolution of sexual reproduction: Importance of DNA repair, complementation, and variation”, The American Naturalist, 117 (4): 537–549, doi:10.1086/283734, S2CID84568130
Michod, R.E. & Gayley, T.W. (1992), “Masking of mutations and the evolution of sex”, The American Naturalist, 139 (4): 706–734, doi:10.1086/285354, S2CID85407883
Kirby 2001 Kirby, A. (2001), Ulva, the sea lettuce, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Bản gốc lưu trữ ngày 16 tháng 5 năm 2011, truy cập ngày 1 tháng 1 năm 2011