Murray, p. 402, tr. 402, tại Google Books; compare Nussbaum, "Hakuhō" at p. 280, tr. 280, tại Google Books; Hakuhou jidai, JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System), 2001; retrieved 24 Jan 2011.
Murray, p. 402, tr. 402, tại Google Books; compare Nussbaum, "Hakuhō" at p. 280, tr. 280, tại Google Books; Hakuhou jidai, JAANUS (Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System), 2001; retrieved 24 Jan 2011.
Murray, David. (1894). The Story of Japan, p. 402, tr. 402, tại Google Books, citing William Bramsen. (1880). Japanese Chronological Tables, pp. 54-55, tr. 54, tại Google Books; the system of counting from year-periods (nengō) do not ordinarily overlap with the reigns of the early monarchs; and generally, a new one was chosen whenever it was deemed necessary to commemorate an auspicious or ward off a malign event.
NengoCalc (645) 大化 Taika, online conversion of Japanese dates into their Western equivalents; calculation is based on tables from Tsuchihashi and Zöllner.