Carl Linnaeus, 1753. Sonchus. Species Plantarum 2: 793.
N. L. Britton & A. Brown, 1913. Sonchus. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian (ấn bản 2) 3: 316.