Findlay, Alexander G. (1878). A directory for the navigation of the Indian Archipelago, China, and Japan, from the straits of Malacca and Sunda, and the passages east of Java. To Canton, Shanghai, the Yellow Sea, and Japan, with descriptions of the winds, monsoons, and currents, and general instructions for the various channels, harbours, etc (ấn bản thứ 2). Luân Đôn: Richard Holmes Laurie. tr. 665.
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Cariño, Theresa C. (1998). China-ASEAN Relations: Regional Security and Cooperation. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine-China Development Resource Center. tr. 106. ISBN9789719125150.