Sign In

Login

Password

Forgot Password ? Sign Up

動物福利 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "動物福利" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite
Global rank Chinese rank
83web.archive.org
1st place
1st place
5everylivingthing.ca
low place
low place
4archive.org
6th place
4th place
4east.org.tw
low place
low place
4newsmarket.com.tw
low place
1,816th place
3airitilibrary.com
low place
1,000th place
3coa.gov.tw
low place
532nd place
2nih.gov
4th place
5th place
2worldcat.org
5th place
12th place
2doi.org
2nd place
23rd place
2agriharvest.tw
low place
5,253rd place
2abc.net.au
139th place
367th place
2foodnext.net
low place
2,644th place
2wuo-wuo.com
low place
low place
2npr.org
92nd place
352nd place
2io.gov.mo
low place
882nd place
2rspca.org.au
low place
low place
2atri.org.tw
low place
low place
2usda.gov
438th place
700th place
2people.com.cn
351st place
20th place
1seinsights.asia
low place
low place
1archive-it.org
910th place
767th place
1uci.edu
3,063rd place
5,629th place
1oup.com
485th place
489th place
1animalsmatter.org
low place
low place
1naiaonline.org
low place
low place
1fcmconference.org
low place
low place
1psychologytoday.com
1,544th place
1,911th place
1scienceline.org
low place
low place
1pnas.org
1,293rd place
763rd place
1ktbl.de
low place
low place
1branchcollective.org
low place
low place
1animallaw.info
low place
low place
1rspca.org.uk
low place
low place
1msu.edu
1,844th place
1,574th place
1tanews.org.tw
low place
5,358th place
1fawec.org
low place
low place
1taiwanngo.tw
low place
8,765th place
1pro.edu.tw
low place
low place
1thepaper.cn
1,497th place
54th place
1mdnkids.com
low place
2,907th place
1animal-friendly.co
low place
low place
1storm.mg
2,424th place
75th place
1organic.org.tw
low place
low place
1miobuffer.com.tw
low place
low place
1cw.com.tw
5,630th place
218th place
1pccu.edu.tw
low place
733rd place
1michelin.com
4,827th place
1,310th place
1chickencheck.in
low place
low place
1compassioninfoodbusiness.com
low place
low place
1bellandevans.com
low place
low place
1herald-uk.org
low place
low place
1tlri.gov.tw
low place
6,249th place
1oie.int
low place
low place
1legislation.qld.gov.au
low place
low place
1tandfonline.com
507th place
610th place
1animalwelfarestandards.net.au
low place
low place
1env.go.jp
2,490th place
2,574th place
1xinhuanet.com
309th place
19th place
1legislation.gov.uk
809th place
1,023rd place
1ecolex.org
low place
low place
1gd.gov.cn
low place
923rd place
1cctv.com
2,386th place
101st place
1mingpao.com
876th place
33rd place
1bbc.com
20th place
41st place
1moj.gov.tw
3,914th place
169th place
1handle.net
102nd place
492nd place
1culture.tw
6,261st place
257th place
1books.com.tw
4,579th place
160th place
1ltn.com.tw
302nd place
6th place
1elegislation.gov.hk
low place
820th place
1hk-lawyer.org
low place
low place
1police.gov.hk
low place
524th place
1pressreader.com
953rd place
4,245th place
1fao.org
318th place
407th place

abc.net.au

  • Peter Singer. Moral Progress and Animal Welfare. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2011-07-14 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-13） （英语）. In light - perhaps one should say darkness - of such images, it is sometimes suggested that animal welfare is exclusively a Western concern. But that is implausible, given that Buddhist tradition places more emphasis on concern for animals than Judaism, Christianity, or Islam. Long before Western philosophers included animals in their ethics, Chinese philosophers like Zhuangzi said that love should permeate relations not only between humans, but between all sentient beings. Nowadays, China has its own animal-rights campaigners, and there are signs that their message is beginning to be heard. 
  • RSPCA says egg industry is 'misleading the public' on free range. 2014-09-24 [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-01）. 

agriharvest.tw

airitilibrary.com

animal-friendly.co

animallaw.info

  • The History of the RSPCA. Michigan State University College of Law. 1972 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-05） （英语）. Resolved also :
    That a Committee be appointed to adopt measures for Inspecting the Markets and Streets of the Metropolis, the Slaughter Houses, the conduct of Coachmen, etc.- etc, consisting of the following Gentlemen:
    T F Buxton Esqr. MP, Richard Martin Esqr., MP, Sir James Graham, L B Allen Esqr., C C Wilson Esqr., Jno. Brogden Esqr., Alderman Brydges, A E Kendal Esqr., E Lodge Esqr., J Martin Esqr. T G Meymott Esqr.     

animalsmatter.org

media.animalsmatter.org

animalwelfarestandards.net.au

  • Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines. Animal Health Australia. 2020-03-23 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） （英语）. For the past 36 years, the welfare of livestock in Australia has been supported by a series of Model Codes of Practice for the Welfare of Animals. Community values and expectations have changed, and our international trading partners have placed greater emphasis on livestock welfare. A review of the Model Codes of Practice (MCOP) in 2005 recommended they be converted into Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines. 

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

archive.org

atri.org.tw

agritech-foresight.atri.org.tw

  • 全球飼養趨勢-丹麥的動物福利理念. 財團法人農業科技研究院. 2013-09-17 [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 隨著養殖業的不斷發展，動物的福利狀況越來越受到關注，消費者對於畜牧產品的需求從數量逐漸轉向質量。30年前，臺灣豬農從丹麥手中，搶走日本市場，30年後，台灣是口蹄疫疫區，丹麥卻成為世界第一大豬肉出口國，產品除了供給鄰近的英國、德國，甚至傾銷到中國。 

atl.atri.org.tw

  • 廖震元. 經濟動物人道監控認證標章簡介. 財團法人農業科技研究院-動物科技研究所. [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 世界動物衛生組織(OIE)自2001年起已將動物福利列入優先策略計畫要項，在其陸生法典中亦已完成陸路運輸、海路運輸、人道屠宰及疾病撲殺等4項保障動物福利的規範。接續將關注農場動物生產飼養系統之福利議題。另歐盟現正倡議全球性實施經濟動物人道飼養模式，大幅度提高各盟國共同遵守之經濟動物飼養、運輸、屠宰等條件，並使之成為歐洲共同之規定，並且可以用於反制其他國家產品之進口，例如：歐盟將於2012年及2013年分別禁止蛋雞巴達利籠(小格子籠)及母豬狹欄之使用。 

bbc.com

bellandevans.com

  • Scott Sechler. Introducing Das Klassenbester™ Chickens!. Bell&Evans. 2018-02-13 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-31） （英语）. We recently shared BIG news with the poultry industry – 100% of our chickens are transitioning to a higher-welfare, slower-growing breed by the end of 2018, which will result in a better quality, more flavorful product! We named our new, proprietary breed “Das Klassenbester” for its European descent and premium, best-in-class genetics. Our first Das Klassenbester chicks hatched on 12/1/17 and were transported to our farms on 12/4/17. Now that we’re in the midst of transitioning and people are asking me some wonderful questions, I thought I could answer a few of those questions here. Also, check the “Our Farms” tab of the website, where we are tracking our progress and illustrating some of the differences of our new breed. 

books.com.tw

  • 行政院農業委員會動物保護諮議小組、行政院農業委員會畜牧處動物保護科. 動物福利白皮書. 台灣: 行政院農業委員會. 2019-12-01 [2020-06-22]. ISBN 9789865440046. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 此本《動物福利白皮書》，擘劃中華民國動物保護政策發展藍圖、完善該國動物福利發展策略架構，確立相關政策之策略與方針。 

branchcollective.org

  • Richard Martin’s Act. BRANCH: Britain, Representation, and Nineteenth-Century History. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. On 22 July 1822, Richard Martin’s Act — or the “Act to prevent the cruel and improper treatment of Cattle” — becomes law in Parliament. 

cctv.com

m.news.cctv.com

chickencheck.in

coa.gov.tw

kmweb.coa.gov.tw

  • 林義福. 肉雞足墊皮膚炎預防之思維. 行政院農業委員會. 2014-06-30 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. ⾁雞⾜墊接觸性⽪膚炎 (food-pad contact dermatitis) ⼜稱為蹠部⽪膚炎 (pododermatitis)，即養雞業者所俗稱的「臭腳」，是養雞場常⾒的問題，臭腳會使雞隻疼痛，影響屠體品質，所以常被收購商扣錢。⾁雞⾜墊⽪膚炎除造成經濟利益損失，亦涉及動物福祉問題，飼養密度為可能原因之⼀，實際上，歐洲有許多個國家有限制飼養密度之規定，但⽩⾁雞⾜墊⽪膚炎問題仍⻑期存在著，顯⽰這不是單⼀原因所造成，因⾁雞多為集約飼養，⽬前提出的思維為在偏⾼（正常）飼養密度下，針對造成⾜墊⽪膚炎原因，尋求改進⽅法。 

coa.gov.tw

  • 農委會畜牧處. 加強動物保護工作，持續提升動物福利. 行政院農業委員會. 2017-08-17 [2020-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-16） （中文（臺灣））. 推動動物福祉是國際的趨勢，亦是民眾高度關切事項，我國雖較歐美各國起步慢，但多年來的努力已奠定相當之基礎。「動物保護法」於 87 年 11 月 4 日公布施行後，因社會風氣及民眾觀念的改變而經多次修正，本會亦致力於推動動物保護觀念的教育宣導、違法案件的稽查、寵物及寵物業的管理、絕育以源頭減量、流浪動物收容、經濟動物及實驗動物之人道管理等項工作。我國整體動物福祉現況相對「動物保護法」立法初期實有明顯進步。 

animal.coa.gov.tw

  • 動物福利白皮書. 動物保護資訊網. [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 本《白皮書》檢視國內現行動物保護措施與挑戰，提出「結合在地經驗與國際趨勢，邁向自發、合作、創新的動物友善社會」之願景，以教育、規範制度、創新科學研究三大面向為基礎，致力推動我國的動物福利發展，並訂定七項策略方向，以期解決施政挑戰。 

compassioninfoodbusiness.com

  • Better Chicken. Compassion in World Farming International. [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-21） （英语）. Iconic chicken brand, KFC has publicly committed to sourcing their chicken to higher welfare standards by 2026, in the UK, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden and Germany. 

culture.tw

gpi.culture.tw

  • 行政院農業委員會動物保護諮議小組、行政院農業委員會畜牧處動物保護科. 動物福利白皮書. 政府出版品資訊網. 2019-09 [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 統一編號GPN：1010801537 

cw.com.tw

opinion.cw.com.tw

  • 陳玉敏. 母親像機器一樣. 天下雜誌. 2017-05-13 [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-17） （中文（臺灣））. 在以「狹欄」飼養母豬的牧場裡，常見母豬出現不斷啃咬欄杆與空咀嚼（假性咀嚼）的刻板行為，科學家指出：這是缺乏動物福利的證明，加上狹小的鐵欄常讓母豬受傷，且空間不足導致母豬長時間趴臥或坐在潮濕地面上，極易發生尿道發炎症狀。 

doi.org

east.org.tw

  • 台灣動物社會研究會. 認識「動物福利」. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. [2020-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 科學研究發現，許多動物與人類一樣，都有完備神經系統、痛覺及趨樂避苦的本能反應，或判斷與抉擇，也各有其生理、環境、行為、心理和社群上五大類別的需求以供生存及繁衍。這些需求的滿足與否，顯示其動物福利是否良好。瞭解動物個體的需求，是維護動物福利的第一步。動物的需求，會因物種、品種，甚至個體而有不同 
  • 動物福利科學－簡介與簡史. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. 2005-03-26 [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17） （中文（臺灣））. 但可能很少人知道，這五大自由是英國政府農場動物福利委員會（FAWC）於1992年所提出，而其前身則是1965年回應Ruth Harrison所著《動物機器（Animal Machine）》一書而成立之「布蘭貝爾委員會」，於訪查各地農場並聽取證詞之後，針對所有農場動物所提的建議：須有「足夠的自由」——能夠輕易轉身、整理毛髮，站、躺以及伸展四肢。 
  • 朱增宏. 動物福利普世宣言（UNIVERSAL DECLARATION FOR THE WELFARE OF ANIMALS）. 台灣動物社會研究會. 2001-06-01 [2020-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. PROCLAIMS this Universal Declaration for the Welfare of Animals as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to strive by all appropriate means to promote respect for these principles and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance. 
  • 台灣動物社會研究會. 貳、四項工具「認識、評估動物福利」. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. [2020-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 

ecolex.org

  • Council Directive 98/58/EC concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes.. FAO, FAOLEX. 1998 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （英语）. This Directive lays down minimum standards for the protection of animals bred or kept for farming purposes. Member States shall make provision to ensure that the owners or keepers take all reasonable steps to ensure the welfare of animals under their care and to ensure that those animals are not caused any unnecessary pain, suffering or injury. Member States shall also ensure that the conditions under which animals (other than fish, reptiles or amphibians) are bred or kept, having regard to thei 

elegislation.gov.hk

env.go.jp

  • 動物愛護管理法. 環境省自然環境局. [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01） （日语）. 「動物の愛護及び管理に関する法律」（動物愛護管理法）は、昭和48年に議員立法で制定された法律です。平成11年、平成17年、平成24年、令和元年に議員立法による主たる法改正が行われています。法律の目的は、動物の愛護と動物の適切な管理（危害や迷惑の防止等）に大別できます。対象動物は、家庭動物、展示動物、産業動物（畜産動物）、実験動物等の人の飼養に係る動物になります。 

everylivingthing.ca

  • Melissa Logan. 1 – Freedom from Thirst and Hunger. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-03 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. How much food and water does the animal in your care need? The answer to this question depends on a number of factors. The species of the animal, their age, size, health status, and activity level are all factors that can affect how much they should be eating and drinking. Older dogs, for example should be eating less food than younger dogs, because they aren’t as active, and young puppies need to eat a lot of food so that they can grow, run and play. In addition, a cow that has a calf needs to drink a lot of water so that they can supply enough milk to their calf, whereas a cow without a calf doesn’t have to drink as much. 
  • Melissa Logan. 2 – Freedom from Discomfort. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-10 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. What is considered to be a comfortable resting area? Well, it depends! Different animal species vary in how they feel comfortable. For example, dogs might be perfectly happy resting on a dog bed on the floor, and cats may prefer to rest on the top level of a cat tree, or even in a box where they feel hidden and safe. Large animals like cows prefer to rest in areas with at least enough space to be able to lie down, turn around, and get back up again. They also like areas that are cushioned, so that its more comfortable and they don’t hurt their knees. Cold blooded animal such as snakes and lizards like the ability to rest under the glow of the sun or a heat lamp. Some animals like rabbits, rats, and hamsters feel most safe resting in hide boxes where they can’t be easily seen. 
  • Melissa Logan. 3- Freedom from Pain, Injury, and Disease. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-17 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. Veterinarians have special training that helps them determine what is causing pain in animals, which is a pretty tough job since animals can’t tell them what hurts! Once they know what is causing the pain, they can treat the animal, helping them to feel better. Just like people need to visit doctors, animals require checkups from their veterinarian! Going to the veterinarian on a regular basis will keep your pet healthy as it allows the veterinarian to find problems before they become troublesome. By catching problems before they start, your pet has a better chance to stay healthy. In fact, taking your pet to the veterinarian to get vaccinated is a very important part of being a responsible pet owner. Certain diseases, like rabies are quite contagious and can make animals very sick. 
  • Melissa Logan. 4- Freedom from Fear and Distress. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-26 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. Just like humans, animals are also able to experience fear. Fear is not only unpleasant, but it can also have an impact on an animal’s health. An animal that is constantly exposed to conditions that make them fearful will experience poor mental and physical health. Mentally, the animal will become very alert and will regularly feel overwhelmed and worried. Physically, the animal may experience digestion issues, heart problems, and difficulty sleeping and eating. It’s important that we treat animals well and provide them with conditions that prevent them from feeling fear. 
  • Melissa Logan. 5 – Freedom to Express Normal Behavior. Alberta SPCA. 2017-06-06 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. What is considered to be “normal” behavior varies from species to species. For example, coprophagy, the act of eating feces, is a very normal and essential behavior in rabbits however, it would be considered an abnormal behavior for cats. Similarly, chattering, the act of making a chirping sound at birds, is a completely normal behavior in cat but it would be considered an odd behavior if a horse was found chattering at birds! Therefore, it is important to do your research on what is considered normal behavior for your animal species. By knowing what your animal’s normal behavior is and allowing them to express it, you will be helping to improve their well-being. In addition, knowing what is an abnormal behavior for your animal will allow you to recognize when something is wrong, whether it is a result of stress, sickness, or general discontent. 

fao.org

  • FAOLEX. www.fao.org. [2024-09-30]. 

fawec.org

  • X Manteca. WHAT IS ANIMAL WELFARE? (PDF). FAWEC. 2012-06-01 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-23） （英语）. In accordance with the ‘Five Freedoms’ principle, an animal’s welfare is ensured when the following five conditions are met (FAWC, 1992; 1993) 

fcmconference.org

foodnext.net

gd.gov.cn

  • 南方日报网络版. 广东省野生动物保护管理条例. 广东省人民政府门户网站. 2020-04-01 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（中国大陆））. 《广东省野生动物保护管理条例》已由广东省第十三届人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议于2020年3月31日修订通过，现将修订后的《广东省野生动物保护管理条例》公布，自2020年5月1日起施行。 

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

herald-uk.org

  • 永杉. 專題︰千絲萬縷︰動物權益在乎你所選擇. 號角月報. [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（香港））. 總之，無論是散養有機雞蛋、瀕臨告急的魚類，或是經動物實驗的商品，我們都是這些產品的最終消費者。這些選擇已經不再是我們私人的抉擇，而是關乎整個生態環境的選擇。甘地 (Mahatma Gandhi) 很早就提出：「地球所提供的，足以滿足每個人的需要，但不足以填滿每個人的欲望。」我們無休無止地索取，所以我們只能吃到那些充滿了激素與抗生素的雞蛋；我們毫無顧忌地濫用我們對其他物種生命擁有的管轄權，最終我們只能將自己斷送在斷鏈的生態環境中；當世界上所有的動物都對人類充滿了恐懼的時候，這世界就失去了和諧的愛。不如現在從每天的一點一滴，做一個明智的消費者，為未來的環境儲蓄更多的愛與生命。 

hk-lawyer.org

io.gov.mo

bo.io.gov.mo

ktbl.de

  • Ute Knierim: Beurteilung der Tiergerechtheit – Konzepte und Begriffsdefinitionen (Begleittexte zum Vortrag, online （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）), S. 3–5. Vgl. Ute Knierim: Grundsätzliche ethologische Überlegungen zur Beurteilung der Tiergerechtheit bei Nutztieren. In: Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 109, 2002, S. 261–266.

legislation.gov.uk

legislation.qld.gov.au

  • Animal Care and Protection Act 2001. Queensland. 2016-07-01 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-01） （英语）. An Act to promote the responsible care and use of animals and to protect animals from cruelty, and for other purposes. 

ltn.com.tw

talk.ltn.com.tw

mdnkids.com

  • 梁明煌. 動保小學堂　參訪動物園　探討動物福利. 財團法人國語日報社. 2019-12-25 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 動物園展示的動物，通常被終身囚禁在很小的人造空間內，因此常有動物福利議題被討論。要解決這些問題，現代動物園管理者就必須嘗試設計出更符合人道、豐富化的設施與飼養方式。本文引導師生在參訪動物園時，能夠看出設計者為參觀者、飼養者及動物福利而設計的設施與原則。 

michelin.com

guide.michelin.com

  • MICHELIN Guide Taipei Editorial Team. 料理課室：常見的 5 種雞蛋標籤. 米其林指南. 2018-04-17 [2020-07-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-16） （中文（臺灣））. 只要你走進任何一家超市，擺放在貨架上的雞蛋林林總總令人不知如何選擇。似乎任何一個種類的雞蛋都標榜營養、健康。然而這些雞蛋標籤因為沒有詳細解釋特點，導致消費者概念模糊。我們為你揭開標籤背後的意思，讓你對這個廚房主食更為瞭解。 

mingpao.com

news.mingpao.com

miobuffer.com.tw

moj.gov.tw

law.moj.gov.tw

  • 動物保護法. 法務部全國法規資料庫. 2018-12-26 [2020-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-13） （中文（臺灣））. 中央主管機關應遴聘專家、學者、相關機關及立案之民間動物保護團體代表，研擬動物保護政策、動物保護教育、動物福利指標、動物福利白皮書，並每季檢討政策成效；其中專家、學者及立案之民間動物保護團體不具政府機關代表身分者，不得少於遴聘總人數之三分之二。 

msu.edu

canr.msu.edu

  • Tina Conklin. The Five Freedoms: A history lesson in animal care and welfare. Michigan State University. 2019-09-06 [2020-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-27） （英语）. To understand the importance of the Five Freedoms and why there were developed, let’s turn back to 1964 when Ruth Harrison, a British woman, wrote “Animal Machines.” The book described intensive livestock and poultry farming practices of the time. The outcry of the British public regarding the information in the book prompted the British government to appoint a committee to look into the welfare of farm animals. In 1965, the committee, chaired by professor Roger Brambell presented the 85-page “Report of the Technical Committee to Inquire into the Welfare of Animals Kept under Intensive Livestock Husbandry Systems,” which became known as “The Brambell Report.” 

naiaonline.org

newsmarket.com.tw

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

npr.org

oie.int

  • Aquatic Animal Health Code. OIE. 2019 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-18） （英语）. The OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code (the Aquatic Code) provides standards for the improvement of aquatic animal health worldwide. It also includes standards for the welfare of farmed fish and use of antimicrobial agents in aquatic animals. The sanitary measures in the Aquatic Code should be used by the Competent Authorities of importing and exporting countries for the prevention, early detection, reporting and control of pathogenic agents in aquatic animals (amphibians, crustaceans, fish and molluscs) and to prevent their spread via international trade in aquatic animals and their products, while avoiding unjustified sanitary barriers to trade. 

organic.org.tw

info.organic.org.tw

  • 翁千惠. 動物福利與食品品質. 有機農業全球資訊網. 2012-02-23 [2020-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-04） （中文（臺灣））. 研究會表示，目前歐盟已立法禁止蛋雞籠飼，美國加州更規定2015年後境內不得販賣籠飼雞蛋，我國農委會只曾經在96年編列預算輔導農民轉型「友善畜牧」，目前台灣轉型飼養「動物福利雞蛋」的牧場只有10戶，政府對努力改善動物福利、減少動物用藥的牧場也欠缺建立產品分級、認證及驗證制度。研究會指出，台灣蛋雞產業產值佔畜牧總產值的十分之一，但其中99%都是以殘酷的格子籠方式飼養，陳玉敏強調，狂牛症、禽流感等人畜共通疾病是人類漠視動物福利所造成的動物反撲，動物的生活環境品質絕對影響畜產品品質，呼籲連鎖速食業、超商及大型量販店推廣並改採有動物福利的蛋品。 

oup.com

academic.oup.com

pccu.edu.tw

ir.lib.pccu.edu.tw

  • 羅玲玲. 豬隻福利評估系統及友善畜牧產品認證之國際發展與趨勢研習. 中國文化大學. 2014-03-03 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-12） （中文（臺灣））. 永續的家畜生產系統有賴於良好的動物福利，歐盟經過長期努力自2013年1月1日起，全面廢除懷孕母豬狹欄飼養(除了母豬懷孕最初的35天外；Directive 2008/120/EC)。丹麥是歐洲地區之豬隻生產大國，豬隻產業相關單位因應歐盟法令變革，逐步發展之準備及調整轉型過程，可作為國內相關策略擬定之參考。本計畫預計參訪丹麥有關豬隻生產及動物福利議題相關研究團隊及豬場，了解丹麥豬隻生產及動物福利發展的情形、各項因應措施及轉型間發生的問題與解決的辦法；並就豬隻動物福利評估系統及相關技術發展、推廣及執行措施進行實務參訪，同步蒐集該國友善畜牧產品標章認證之相關推動經驗與發展趨勢，以利我國研擬因應相關措施。 

people.com.cn

world.people.com.cn

sz.people.com.cn

  • 陈育柱、李语. 深圳经济特区全面禁止食用野生动物条例. 人民網. 2020-04-02 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-10） （中文（中国大陆））. 《深圳经济特区全面禁止食用野生动物条例》经市第六届人民代表大会常务委员会第四十次会议于2020年3月31日通过，现予公布，自2020年5月1日起施行。 

pnas.org

police.gov.hk

pressreader.com

pro.edu.tw

hre.pro.edu.tw

  • 王毓正. 動物權或動物福利？ 概念內涵與動保政策意涵之區辨. 人權教育諮詢暨資源中心. 2019-02-27 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 對於具有感知能力之生物給予特別的保護，或可說是目前動物權與動物福利（Animal welfare）兩派論述的共同基礎。換言之，無論動物權擁護者或動物福利擁護者皆支持應避免使具有感知能力之動物遭受痛苦，或是應該促進這類動物的福利；只不過動物權擁護者並不滿足僅避免使這類動物遭受痛苦或為其促進福利，而是希望動物固有的尊嚴亦可能受到法律的肯定，並且具有權利主體之地位。 

psychologytoday.com

rspca.org.au

rspca.org.au

  • Our role in enforcing the law. RSPCA. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14） （英语）. RSPCA member Societies enforce state and territory animal welfare legislation through their Inspectorate functions. Where incidences of animal cruelty or animal welfare concerns are reported, our Inspectors have the power to investigate and prosecute those involved. 

kb.rspca.org.au

  • What are the animal welfare issues with sow stalls and farrowing crates?. RAPCA. 2020-02-06 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26） （英语）. A sow stall, also known as a gestation stall, is a metal-barred crate that houses a single sow for part of her 16‑week pregnancy. A standard sow stall is just 2m long and 60cm wide. This is just enough space for the sow to stand up in, but she cannot turn around and can only take a short step forward or back. The floor of the stall is usually concrete, with a slat-covered trench for manure at the rear. The Australian pig industry has committed to voluntarily phasing out sow stalls after the first 5 days following mating (where the sow is confined to a mating stall) in favour of group housing for pregnant sows. It is estimated that around 80% of pregnant sows in Australia are now group housed. Where sow stalls are still in place, regulation requires that they not be used for more than 6 weeks in any gestation (pregnancy) period. 

rspca.org.uk

  • The origins & history of the RSPCA. RSPCA. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-04） （英语）. Back then we were the SPCA - Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Royal patronage followed in 1837 and Queen Victoria gave permission to add the royal R in 1840, making us the RSPCA as we're known worldwide today. 

scienceline.org

seinsights.asia

  • 廖震元. 畜牧產業新趨勢：採取「人道飼養」達成動物福祉，更有助於提升營收！. 社企流. 2018-06-07 [2021-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-20） （中文（臺灣））. 人道飼養是近年國際間重視的議題，但在台灣，許多人對此觀念仍非常陌生。人道飼養的根基建立在「動物福祉」上，主要的訴求為讓動物有 5 大自由（five freedoms），當動物飼養符合了這些條件，才算是符合了人道飼養的基本要求。 

storm.mg

taiwanngo.tw

tandfonline.com

tanews.org.tw

thepaper.cn

  • 孙安清; 北美小象君. 动物福利入法呼声再起. 上海东方报业有限公司. 2020-05-18 [2020-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（中国大陆））. 

tlri.gov.tw

uci.edu

humanities.uci.edu

usda.gov

nal.usda.gov

  • Animal Welfare Act. USDA National Agricultural Library. 2013-01-10 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-08） （英语）. The Animal Welfare Act was signed into law in 1966. It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. Other laws, policies, and guidelines may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, but all refer to the Animal Welfare Act as the minimum acceptable standard. The Act is enforced by USDA, APHIS, Animal Care. 

pubs.nal.usda.gov

  • Erickson, Heidi S. Information Resources on Fish Welfare, 2003. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultrual Library, Animal Welfare Information Center. 2003-07 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （英语）. ……A great deal of what we need to know regarding fish welfare is yet to be discovered as the scientific study of fish welfare is at an early stage compared to research efforts on other vertebrates (FSBI 2002). In all, these activities and research increase the knowledge base on the care and use of these species in aquaculture, fisheries, and the laboratory. 

web.archive.org

  • 廖震元. 畜牧產業新趨勢：採取「人道飼養」達成動物福祉，更有助於提升營收！. 社企流. 2018-06-07 [2021-04-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-20） （中文（臺灣））. 人道飼養是近年國際間重視的議題，但在台灣，許多人對此觀念仍非常陌生。人道飼養的根基建立在「動物福祉」上，主要的訴求為讓動物有 5 大自由（five freedoms），當動物飼養符合了這些條件，才算是符合了人道飼養的基本要求。 
  • Broom, D. M. Animal welfare: concepts and measurement2. Journal of Animal Science. 1991-10-01, 69 (10) [2022-07-19]. ISSN 0021-8812. doi:10.2527/1991.69104167x. （原始内容存档于2022-06-28） （英语）. 
  • Draft of the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare (PDF). media.animalmatter.org. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于27 February 2012）. 
  • What is Animal Welfare and why is it important?. National Animal Interest Alliance. [27 June 2014]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-21）. 
  • The Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness (PDF). [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2013-11-09）. 
  • Scientists Finally Conclude Nonhuman Animals Are Conscious Beings. [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-17）. 
  • Do animals have consciousness?. 6 March 2015 [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-21）. 
  • Ben-Haim, Moshe Shay; Dal Monte, Olga; Fagan, Nicholas A.; Dunham, Yarrow; Hassin, Ran R.; Chang, Steve W. C.; Santos, Laurie R. Disentangling perceptual awareness from nonconscious processing in rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021-04-13, 118 (15) [2022-07-19]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 8053918 可免费查阅. PMID 33785543. doi:10.1073/pnas.2017543118. （原始内容存档于2022-06-29） （英语）. 
  • Ute Knierim: Beurteilung der Tiergerechtheit – Konzepte und Begriffsdefinitionen (Begleittexte zum Vortrag, online （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）), S. 3–5. Vgl. Ute Knierim: Grundsätzliche ethologische Überlegungen zur Beurteilung der Tiergerechtheit bei Nutztieren. In: Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 109, 2002, S. 261–266.
  • 台灣動物社會研究會. 認識「動物福利」. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. [2020-06-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 科學研究發現，許多動物與人類一樣，都有完備神經系統、痛覺及趨樂避苦的本能反應，或判斷與抉擇，也各有其生理、環境、行為、心理和社群上五大類別的需求以供生存及繁衍。這些需求的滿足與否，顯示其動物福利是否良好。瞭解動物個體的需求，是維護動物福利的第一步。動物的需求，會因物種、品種，甚至個體而有不同 
  • 李朝全. 臺灣動物福利發展歷程溯源，展望友善動物國度. 農傳媒. 2019-02-19 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-31） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • Richard Martin’s Act. BRANCH: Britain, Representation, and Nineteenth-Century History. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. On 22 July 1822, Richard Martin’s Act — or the “Act to prevent the cruel and improper treatment of Cattle” — becomes law in Parliament. 
  • The History of the RSPCA. Michigan State University College of Law. 1972 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-05） （英语）. Resolved also :
    That a Committee be appointed to adopt measures for Inspecting the Markets and Streets of the Metropolis, the Slaughter Houses, the conduct of Coachmen, etc.- etc, consisting of the following Gentlemen:
    T F Buxton Esqr. MP, Richard Martin Esqr., MP, Sir James Graham, L B Allen Esqr., C C Wilson Esqr., Jno. Brogden Esqr., Alderman Brydges, A E Kendal Esqr., E Lodge Esqr., J Martin Esqr. T G Meymott Esqr.     
  • The origins & history of the RSPCA. RSPCA. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-04） （英语）. Back then we were the SPCA - Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Royal patronage followed in 1837 and Queen Victoria gave permission to add the royal R in 1840, making us the RSPCA as we're known worldwide today. 
  • Our role in enforcing the law. RSPCA. [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-14） （英语）. RSPCA member Societies enforce state and territory animal welfare legislation through their Inspectorate functions. Where incidences of animal cruelty or animal welfare concerns are reported, our Inspectors have the power to investigate and prosecute those involved. 
  • 動物福利科學－簡介與簡史. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. 2005-03-26 [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-17） （中文（臺灣））. 但可能很少人知道，這五大自由是英國政府農場動物福利委員會（FAWC）於1992年所提出，而其前身則是1965年回應Ruth Harrison所著《動物機器（Animal Machine）》一書而成立之「布蘭貝爾委員會」，於訪查各地農場並聽取證詞之後，針對所有農場動物所提的建議：須有「足夠的自由」——能夠輕易轉身、整理毛髮，站、躺以及伸展四肢。 
  • Tina Conklin. The Five Freedoms: A history lesson in animal care and welfare. Michigan State University. 2019-09-06 [2020-06-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-27） （英语）. To understand the importance of the Five Freedoms and why there were developed, let’s turn back to 1964 when Ruth Harrison, a British woman, wrote “Animal Machines.” The book described intensive livestock and poultry farming practices of the time. The outcry of the British public regarding the information in the book prompted the British government to appoint a committee to look into the welfare of farm animals. In 1965, the committee, chaired by professor Roger Brambell presented the 85-page “Report of the Technical Committee to Inquire into the Welfare of Animals Kept under Intensive Livestock Husbandry Systems,” which became known as “The Brambell Report.” 
  • 高維奇. 李朝全談「動物福利的演進與因應」. 台灣動物新聞網. 2018-06-29 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-29） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • X Manteca. WHAT IS ANIMAL WELFARE? (PDF). FAWEC. 2012-06-01 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-23） （英语）. In accordance with the ‘Five Freedoms’ principle, an animal’s welfare is ensured when the following five conditions are met (FAWC, 1992; 1993) 
  • 李淵百. 如何從教育來改進台灣的農場動物福利. 台灣動物之聲. 2013, (60) [2020-08-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）. 
  • Melissa Logan. 1 – Freedom from Thirst and Hunger. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-03 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. How much food and water does the animal in your care need? The answer to this question depends on a number of factors. The species of the animal, their age, size, health status, and activity level are all factors that can affect how much they should be eating and drinking. Older dogs, for example should be eating less food than younger dogs, because they aren’t as active, and young puppies need to eat a lot of food so that they can grow, run and play. In addition, a cow that has a calf needs to drink a lot of water so that they can supply enough milk to their calf, whereas a cow without a calf doesn’t have to drink as much. 
  • Melissa Logan. 2 – Freedom from Discomfort. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-10 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. What is considered to be a comfortable resting area? Well, it depends! Different animal species vary in how they feel comfortable. For example, dogs might be perfectly happy resting on a dog bed on the floor, and cats may prefer to rest on the top level of a cat tree, or even in a box where they feel hidden and safe. Large animals like cows prefer to rest in areas with at least enough space to be able to lie down, turn around, and get back up again. They also like areas that are cushioned, so that its more comfortable and they don’t hurt their knees. Cold blooded animal such as snakes and lizards like the ability to rest under the glow of the sun or a heat lamp. Some animals like rabbits, rats, and hamsters feel most safe resting in hide boxes where they can’t be easily seen. 
  • Melissa Logan. 3- Freedom from Pain, Injury, and Disease. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-17 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. Veterinarians have special training that helps them determine what is causing pain in animals, which is a pretty tough job since animals can’t tell them what hurts! Once they know what is causing the pain, they can treat the animal, helping them to feel better. Just like people need to visit doctors, animals require checkups from their veterinarian! Going to the veterinarian on a regular basis will keep your pet healthy as it allows the veterinarian to find problems before they become troublesome. By catching problems before they start, your pet has a better chance to stay healthy. In fact, taking your pet to the veterinarian to get vaccinated is a very important part of being a responsible pet owner. Certain diseases, like rabies are quite contagious and can make animals very sick. 
  • Melissa Logan. 4- Freedom from Fear and Distress. Alberta SPCA. 2017-05-26 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. Just like humans, animals are also able to experience fear. Fear is not only unpleasant, but it can also have an impact on an animal’s health. An animal that is constantly exposed to conditions that make them fearful will experience poor mental and physical health. Mentally, the animal will become very alert and will regularly feel overwhelmed and worried. Physically, the animal may experience digestion issues, heart problems, and difficulty sleeping and eating. It’s important that we treat animals well and provide them with conditions that prevent them from feeling fear. 
  • Melissa Logan. 5 – Freedom to Express Normal Behavior. Alberta SPCA. 2017-06-06 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （英语）. What is considered to be “normal” behavior varies from species to species. For example, coprophagy, the act of eating feces, is a very normal and essential behavior in rabbits however, it would be considered an abnormal behavior for cats. Similarly, chattering, the act of making a chirping sound at birds, is a completely normal behavior in cat but it would be considered an odd behavior if a horse was found chattering at birds! Therefore, it is important to do your research on what is considered normal behavior for your animal species. By knowing what your animal’s normal behavior is and allowing them to express it, you will be helping to improve their well-being. In addition, knowing what is an abnormal behavior for your animal will allow you to recognize when something is wrong, whether it is a result of stress, sickness, or general discontent. 
  • 朱增宏. 動物福利普世宣言（UNIVERSAL DECLARATION FOR THE WELFARE OF ANIMALS）. 台灣動物社會研究會. 2001-06-01 [2020-07-02]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. PROCLAIMS this Universal Declaration for the Welfare of Animals as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to strive by all appropriate means to promote respect for these principles and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance. 
  • 王毓正. 動物權或動物福利？ 概念內涵與動保政策意涵之區辨. 人權教育諮詢暨資源中心. 2019-02-27 [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 對於具有感知能力之生物給予特別的保護，或可說是目前動物權與動物福利（Animal welfare）兩派論述的共同基礎。換言之，無論動物權擁護者或動物福利擁護者皆支持應避免使具有感知能力之動物遭受痛苦，或是應該促進這類動物的福利；只不過動物權擁護者並不滿足僅避免使這類動物遭受痛苦或為其促進福利，而是希望動物固有的尊嚴亦可能受到法律的肯定，並且具有權利主體之地位。 
  • Peter Singer. Moral Progress and Animal Welfare. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2011-07-14 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-13） （英语）. In light - perhaps one should say darkness - of such images, it is sometimes suggested that animal welfare is exclusively a Western concern. But that is implausible, given that Buddhist tradition places more emphasis on concern for animals than Judaism, Christianity, or Islam. Long before Western philosophers included animals in their ethics, Chinese philosophers like Zhuangzi said that love should permeate relations not only between humans, but between all sentient beings. Nowadays, China has its own animal-rights campaigners, and there are signs that their message is beginning to be heard. 
  • 孙安清; 北美小象君. 动物福利入法呼声再起. 上海东方报业有限公司. 2020-05-18 [2020-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（中国大陆））. 
  • 費昌勇; 楊書瑋. 動物權與動物對待. 應用倫理評論. 2011: 75－103 [2020-06-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）. 
  • 林珮君. 魚也有情感與痛苦！國際重視水生動物福利，從捕撈、運輸至屠宰均有明確規範. 上下游News＆Market. 2019-10-24 [2020-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 黃敬翔. 澳洲研究證實牛會說話！也許我們用「哞哞翻譯機」改善動物福利的未來不遠了！. 食力foodNEXT. 2020-01-11 [2020-07-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 走近動物園. 沒有籠子的動物園，圓了誰的夢？從改建後的新竹動物園談起. 窩窩. 2020-01-10 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01） （中文（臺灣））. 若設計團隊無法正視在2020年的現在，哈根貝克在1907年為了展示「商品」就已經提出的「沒有籠子」，目前在園內的體現太過膚淺，充其量只能滿足參觀者在視覺上的潔癖，並沒有提升動物福利的直接效果（至少，在上方提及的案例中沒能看到）。即便我也理解在展示面消除人工痕跡的思維與其效益，但至少，在「新」新竹動物園的整體規劃上，過度顧忌籠子所象徵的「不自由」令園方在各個方面綁手綁腳，反而體現出真正意義上的不自由，還箝制了民眾對於不同動物園型式的思考。 
  • 梁明煌. 動保小學堂　參訪動物園　探討動物福利. 財團法人國語日報社. 2019-12-25 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 動物園展示的動物，通常被終身囚禁在很小的人造空間內，因此常有動物福利議題被討論。要解決這些問題，現代動物園管理者就必須嘗試設計出更符合人道、豐富化的設施與飼養方式。本文引導師生在參訪動物園時，能夠看出設計者為參觀者、飼養者及動物福利而設計的設施與原則。 
  • 吳昱賢. 歐盟擬設“動物福利標章” 引導民眾提升觀念購買合規產品. DPG動物友善. 2020-03-13 [2020-07-21]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（繁體））. 
  • 朱淑娟. 買雞蛋有指南，你的一元救母雞. 風傳媒. 2016-01-12 [2020-07-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • RSPCA says egg industry is 'misleading the public' on free range. 2014-09-24 [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2016-11-01）. 
  • What The Rise Of Cage-Free Eggs Means For Chickens. [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-11）. 
  • Farm Fresh? Natural? Eggs Not Always What They're Cracked Up To Be. [26 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-03）. 
  • 曾波; 钟荣珍; 谭支良. 畜牧业中的甲烷排放及其减排调控技术. 中國生態農業學報. 2009, 17 (4): 811－816 [2020-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）. 
  • 台灣動物社會研究會. 貳、四項工具「認識、評估動物福利」. 社團法人台灣動物社會研究會. [2020-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 全球飼養趨勢-丹麥的動物福利理念. 財團法人農業科技研究院. 2013-09-17 [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 隨著養殖業的不斷發展，動物的福利狀況越來越受到關注，消費者對於畜牧產品的需求從數量逐漸轉向質量。30年前，臺灣豬農從丹麥手中，搶走日本市場，30年後，台灣是口蹄疫疫區，丹麥卻成為世界第一大豬肉出口國，產品除了供給鄰近的英國、德國，甚至傾銷到中國。 
  • 翁千惠. 動物福利與食品品質. 有機農業全球資訊網. 2012-02-23 [2020-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-04） （中文（臺灣））. 研究會表示，目前歐盟已立法禁止蛋雞籠飼，美國加州更規定2015年後境內不得販賣籠飼雞蛋，我國農委會只曾經在96年編列預算輔導農民轉型「友善畜牧」，目前台灣轉型飼養「動物福利雞蛋」的牧場只有10戶，政府對努力改善動物福利、減少動物用藥的牧場也欠缺建立產品分級、認證及驗證制度。研究會指出，台灣蛋雞產業產值佔畜牧總產值的十分之一，但其中99%都是以殘酷的格子籠方式飼養，陳玉敏強調，狂牛症、禽流感等人畜共通疾病是人類漠視動物福利所造成的動物反撲，動物的生活環境品質絕對影響畜產品品質，呼籲連鎖速食業、超商及大型量販店推廣並改採有動物福利的蛋品。 
  • What are the animal welfare issues with sow stalls and farrowing crates?. RAPCA. 2020-02-06 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-26） （英语）. A sow stall, also known as a gestation stall, is a metal-barred crate that houses a single sow for part of her 16‑week pregnancy. A standard sow stall is just 2m long and 60cm wide. This is just enough space for the sow to stand up in, but she cannot turn around and can only take a short step forward or back. The floor of the stall is usually concrete, with a slat-covered trench for manure at the rear. The Australian pig industry has committed to voluntarily phasing out sow stalls after the first 5 days following mating (where the sow is confined to a mating stall) in favour of group housing for pregnant sows. It is estimated that around 80% of pregnant sows in Australia are now group housed. Where sow stalls are still in place, regulation requires that they not be used for more than 6 weeks in any gestation (pregnancy) period. 
  • 夏良宙. 栓養、狹欄和群養對懷孕母豬之影響. 飼料營養雜誌. 2007, (6): 37－53 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-28）. 
  • 陳玉敏. 母親像機器一樣. 天下雜誌. 2017-05-13 [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-17） （中文（臺灣））. 在以「狹欄」飼養母豬的牧場裡，常見母豬出現不斷啃咬欄杆與空咀嚼（假性咀嚼）的刻板行為，科學家指出：這是缺乏動物福利的證明，加上狹小的鐵欄常讓母豬受傷，且空間不足導致母豬長時間趴臥或坐在潮濕地面上，極易發生尿道發炎症狀。 
  • 羅玲玲. 豬隻福利評估系統及友善畜牧產品認證之國際發展與趨勢研習. 中國文化大學. 2014-03-03 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-12） （中文（臺灣））. 永續的家畜生產系統有賴於良好的動物福利，歐盟經過長期努力自2013年1月1日起，全面廢除懷孕母豬狹欄飼養(除了母豬懷孕最初的35天外；Directive 2008/120/EC)。丹麥是歐洲地區之豬隻生產大國，豬隻產業相關單位因應歐盟法令變革，逐步發展之準備及調整轉型過程，可作為國內相關策略擬定之參考。本計畫預計參訪丹麥有關豬隻生產及動物福利議題相關研究團隊及豬場，了解丹麥豬隻生產及動物福利發展的情形、各項因應措施及轉型間發生的問題與解決的辦法；並就豬隻動物福利評估系統及相關技術發展、推廣及執行措施進行實務參訪，同步蒐集該國友善畜牧產品標章認證之相關推動經驗與發展趨勢，以利我國研擬因應相關措施。 
  • 賴郁薇. 母豬悲慘的一生！歐盟早已禁止狹欄，台灣何時跟上腳步？. 上下游News＆Market. 2017-05-10 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-17） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 赵晓宇; 尹国安; 关立伟. 影响母猪母性行为的因素. 养猪. 2018, (4): 36－40 [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）. 
  • 愛牠，又想吃牠？(下)：挑選動物福利食品. 窩窩. 2016-04-01 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 簡而言之，「動物福利」的設立是希望能夠確保動物生理、心理，在自然的狀況下，都能保持健康、舒適的狀態。歐盟在動物福利上法令的進步已經領先許多國家，例如，2012年全面禁止飼養格子雞，2013年，全面禁止狹欄式養豬(sow stalls)。雖然台灣目前有動保法，在農委會也有規範人道運送、屠宰等等，但是因為腹地有限，飼養方面的規範與歐盟、澳洲等國家比較起來較爲寬鬆。 
  • MICHELIN Guide Taipei Editorial Team. 料理課室：常見的 5 種雞蛋標籤. 米其林指南. 2018-04-17 [2020-07-15]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-16） （中文（臺灣））. 只要你走進任何一家超市，擺放在貨架上的雞蛋林林總總令人不知如何選擇。似乎任何一個種類的雞蛋都標榜營養、健康。然而這些雞蛋標籤因為沒有詳細解釋特點，導致消費者概念模糊。我們為你揭開標籤背後的意思，讓你對這個廚房主食更為瞭解。 
  • 林義福. 肉雞足墊皮膚炎預防之思維. 行政院農業委員會. 2014-06-30 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. ⾁雞⾜墊接觸性⽪膚炎 (food-pad contact dermatitis) ⼜稱為蹠部⽪膚炎 (pododermatitis)，即養雞業者所俗稱的「臭腳」，是養雞場常⾒的問題，臭腳會使雞隻疼痛，影響屠體品質，所以常被收購商扣錢。⾁雞⾜墊⽪膚炎除造成經濟利益損失，亦涉及動物福祉問題，飼養密度為可能原因之⼀，實際上，歐洲有許多個國家有限制飼養密度之規定，但⽩⾁雞⾜墊⽪膚炎問題仍⻑期存在著，顯⽰這不是單⼀原因所造成，因⾁雞多為集約飼養，⽬前提出的思維為在偏⾼（正常）飼養密度下，針對造成⾜墊⽪膚炎原因，尋求改進⽅法。 
  • White Striping: What is white striping in chicken? Does white striping affect the nutritional value of chicken meat?. National Chicken Council. [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-28） （英语）. White striping is a quality factor in chicken breast meat caused by deposits of fat in the muscle during the bird’s growth and development. It is similar to marbling in red meat. White striping is not a food safety issue nor does it affect the welfare of the chicken. 
  • 黃敬翔. 研究證實：飼養雞隻時更注重動物福利，反而讓農民的折損率更低！. 食力foodNEXT. 2020-04-08 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • Better Chicken. Compassion in World Farming International. [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-21） （英语）. Iconic chicken brand, KFC has publicly committed to sourcing their chicken to higher welfare standards by 2026, in the UK, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden and Germany. 
  • Scott Sechler. Introducing Das Klassenbester™ Chickens!. Bell&Evans. 2018-02-13 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-31） （英语）. We recently shared BIG news with the poultry industry – 100% of our chickens are transitioning to a higher-welfare, slower-growing breed by the end of 2018, which will result in a better quality, more flavorful product! We named our new, proprietary breed “Das Klassenbester” for its European descent and premium, best-in-class genetics. Our first Das Klassenbester chicks hatched on 12/1/17 and were transported to our farms on 12/4/17. Now that we’re in the midst of transitioning and people are asking me some wonderful questions, I thought I could answer a few of those questions here. Also, check the “Our Farms” tab of the website, where we are tracking our progress and illustrating some of the differences of our new breed. 
  • 永杉. 專題︰千絲萬縷︰動物權益在乎你所選擇. 號角月報. [2020-06-27]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（香港））. 總之，無論是散養有機雞蛋、瀕臨告急的魚類，或是經動物實驗的商品，我們都是這些產品的最終消費者。這些選擇已經不再是我們私人的抉擇，而是關乎整個生態環境的選擇。甘地 (Mahatma Gandhi) 很早就提出：「地球所提供的，足以滿足每個人的需要，但不足以填滿每個人的欲望。」我們無休無止地索取，所以我們只能吃到那些充滿了激素與抗生素的雞蛋；我們毫無顧忌地濫用我們對其他物種生命擁有的管轄權，最終我們只能將自己斷送在斷鏈的生態環境中；當世界上所有的動物都對人類充滿了恐懼的時候，這世界就失去了和諧的愛。不如現在從每天的一點一滴，做一個明智的消費者，為未來的環境儲蓄更多的愛與生命。 
  • 廖震元. 經濟動物人道監控認證標章簡介. 財團法人農業科技研究院-動物科技研究所. [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 世界動物衛生組織(OIE)自2001年起已將動物福利列入優先策略計畫要項，在其陸生法典中亦已完成陸路運輸、海路運輸、人道屠宰及疾病撲殺等4項保障動物福利的規範。接續將關注農場動物生產飼養系統之福利議題。另歐盟現正倡議全球性實施經濟動物人道飼養模式，大幅度提高各盟國共同遵守之經濟動物飼養、運輸、屠宰等條件，並使之成為歐洲共同之規定，並且可以用於反制其他國家產品之進口，例如：歐盟將於2012年及2013年分別禁止蛋雞巴達利籠(小格子籠)及母豬狹欄之使用。 
  • 陳文賢. 如何降低毛豬運銷處理引起之緊迫. 畜產專訊. [2020-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-21）. 
  • 林宜潔. 「活締處理法」日本料理美味秘密帶出的臺灣漁獲反思. 農傳媒. 2018-04-02 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 林珮君. 緊張的魚不好吃！首屆「水生動福」研討會：讓魚善終，食物更美味. 上下游News&Market. 2019-10-24 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • 林怡均; 林珮君. 「活體弓魚比較新鮮」是場殘忍誤會，鱸魚受迫痛苦鮮度下降，動社呼籲拒買. 上下游News&Market. 2019-10-04 [2020-07-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • Aquatic Animal Health Code. OIE. 2019 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-18） （英语）. The OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code (the Aquatic Code) provides standards for the improvement of aquatic animal health worldwide. It also includes standards for the welfare of farmed fish and use of antimicrobial agents in aquatic animals. The sanitary measures in the Aquatic Code should be used by the Competent Authorities of importing and exporting countries for the prevention, early detection, reporting and control of pathogenic agents in aquatic animals (amphibians, crustaceans, fish and molluscs) and to prevent their spread via international trade in aquatic animals and their products, while avoiding unjustified sanitary barriers to trade. 
  • Animal Welfare Act. USDA National Agricultural Library. 2013-01-10 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-08） （英语）. The Animal Welfare Act was signed into law in 1966. It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. Other laws, policies, and guidelines may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, but all refer to the Animal Welfare Act as the minimum acceptable standard. The Act is enforced by USDA, APHIS, Animal Care. 
  • Erickson, Heidi S. Information Resources on Fish Welfare, 2003. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Agricultrual Library, Animal Welfare Information Center. 2003-07 [2020-07-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （英语）. ……A great deal of what we need to know regarding fish welfare is yet to be discovered as the scientific study of fish welfare is at an early stage compared to research efforts on other vertebrates (FSBI 2002). In all, these activities and research increase the knowledge base on the care and use of these species in aquaculture, fisheries, and the laboratory. 
  • Animal Care and Protection Act 2001. Queensland. 2016-07-01 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-01） （英语）. An Act to promote the responsible care and use of animals and to protect animals from cruelty, and for other purposes. 
  • H. J. Blokhuis; Veissier, I; Miele, M. The Welfare Quality® project and beyond: Safeguarding farm animal well-being. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A — Animal Science. 2010, 60 (3) [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15）. 
  • Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines. Animal Health Australia. 2020-03-23 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） （英语）. For the past 36 years, the welfare of livestock in Australia has been supported by a series of Model Codes of Practice for the Welfare of Animals. Community values and expectations have changed, and our international trading partners have placed greater emphasis on livestock welfare. A review of the Model Codes of Practice (MCOP) in 2005 recommended they be converted into Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines. 
  • 動物愛護管理法. 環境省自然環境局. [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01） （日语）. 「動物の愛護及び管理に関する法律」（動物愛護管理法）は、昭和48年に議員立法で制定された法律です。平成11年、平成17年、平成24年、令和元年に議員立法による主たる法改正が行われています。法律の目的は、動物の愛護と動物の適切な管理（危害や迷惑の防止等）に大別できます。対象動物は、家庭動物、展示動物、産業動物（畜産動物）、実験動物等の人の飼養に係る動物になります。 
  • The Animal Welfare Act 2006. legislation.gov.uk. [April 15, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-11）. 
  • Council Directive 98/58/EC concerning the protection of animals kept for farming purposes.. FAO, FAOLEX. 1998 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （英语）. This Directive lays down minimum standards for the protection of animals bred or kept for farming purposes. Member States shall make provision to ensure that the owners or keepers take all reasonable steps to ensure the welfare of animals under their care and to ensure that those animals are not caused any unnecessary pain, suffering or injury. Member States shall also ensure that the conditions under which animals (other than fish, reptiles or amphibians) are bred or kept, having regard to thei 
  • 南方日报网络版. 广东省野生动物保护管理条例. 广东省人民政府门户网站. 2020-04-01 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（中国大陆））. 《广东省野生动物保护管理条例》已由广东省第十三届人民代表大会常务委员会第十九次会议于2020年3月31日修订通过，现将修订后的《广东省野生动物保护管理条例》公布，自2020年5月1日起施行。 
  • 陈育柱、李语. 深圳经济特区全面禁止食用野生动物条例. 人民網. 2020-04-02 [2020-07-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-10） （中文（中国大陆））. 《深圳经济特区全面禁止食用野生动物条例》经市第六届人民代表大会常务委员会第四十次会议于2020年3月31日通过，现予公布，自2020年5月1日起施行。 
  • 禁食猫狗！深圳“禁野令”5月1日起正式实施. CCTV. 2020-04-06 [2020-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-22） （中文（中国大陆））. 
  • 農業部：狗屬人類伴侶 專家料禁食 深圳已立法 下月實施. 明報. 2020-04-10 [2020-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-18） （中文（香港））. 
  • 中國農業部將狗歸入「伴侶動物」而非畜禽. BBC. 2020-04-10 [2020-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-28） （中文（繁體））. 
  • 動物保護法. 法務部全國法規資料庫. 2018-12-26 [2020-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-13） （中文（臺灣））. 中央主管機關應遴聘專家、學者、相關機關及立案之民間動物保護團體代表，研擬動物保護政策、動物保護教育、動物福利指標、動物福利白皮書，並每季檢討政策成效；其中專家、學者及立案之民間動物保護團體不具政府機關代表身分者，不得少於遴聘總人數之三分之二。 
  • 農委會畜牧處. 加強動物保護工作，持續提升動物福利. 行政院農業委員會. 2017-08-17 [2020-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-16） （中文（臺灣））. 推動動物福祉是國際的趨勢，亦是民眾高度關切事項，我國雖較歐美各國起步慢，但多年來的努力已奠定相當之基礎。「動物保護法」於 87 年 11 月 4 日公布施行後，因社會風氣及民眾觀念的改變而經多次修正，本會亦致力於推動動物保護觀念的教育宣導、違法案件的稽查、寵物及寵物業的管理、絕育以源頭減量、流浪動物收容、經濟動物及實驗動物之人道管理等項工作。我國整體動物福祉現況相對「動物保護法」立法初期實有明顯進步。 
  • 行政院農業委員會動物保護諮議小組、行政院農業委員會畜牧處動物保護科. 動物福利白皮書. 政府出版品資訊網. 2019-09 [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 統一編號GPN：1010801537 
  • 行政院農業委員會動物保護諮議小組、行政院農業委員會畜牧處動物保護科. 動物福利白皮書. 台灣: 行政院農業委員會. 2019-12-01 [2020-06-22]. ISBN 9789865440046. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 此本《動物福利白皮書》，擘劃中華民國動物保護政策發展藍圖、完善該國動物福利發展策略架構，確立相關政策之策略與方針。 
  • 動物福利白皮書. 動物保護資訊網. [2020-06-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 本《白皮書》檢視國內現行動物保護措施與挑戰，提出「結合在地經驗與國際趨勢，邁向自發、合作、創新的動物友善社會」之願景，以教育、規範制度、創新科學研究三大面向為基礎，致力推動我國的動物福利發展，並訂定七項策略方向，以期解決施政挑戰。 
  • 法操司想傳媒. 《動物保護法》真的有保護所有動物嗎？. 自由時報. 2016-07-19 [2020-07-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-30） （中文（臺灣））. 
  • https://bo.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2016/30/lei04_cn.asp （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 澳門印務局-第4/2016號法律《動物保護法》

worldcat.org

wuo-wuo.com

  • 走近動物園. 沒有籠子的動物園，圓了誰的夢？從改建後的新竹動物園談起. 窩窩. 2020-01-10 [2020-07-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-01） （中文（臺灣））. 若設計團隊無法正視在2020年的現在，哈根貝克在1907年為了展示「商品」就已經提出的「沒有籠子」，目前在園內的體現太過膚淺，充其量只能滿足參觀者在視覺上的潔癖，並沒有提升動物福利的直接效果（至少，在上方提及的案例中沒能看到）。即便我也理解在展示面消除人工痕跡的思維與其效益，但至少，在「新」新竹動物園的整體規劃上，過度顧忌籠子所象徵的「不自由」令園方在各個方面綁手綁腳，反而體現出真正意義上的不自由，還箝制了民眾對於不同動物園型式的思考。 
  • 愛牠，又想吃牠？(下)：挑選動物福利食品. 窩窩. 2016-04-01 [2020-07-12]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-15） （中文（臺灣））. 簡而言之，「動物福利」的設立是希望能夠確保動物生理、心理，在自然的狀況下，都能保持健康、舒適的狀態。歐盟在動物福利上法令的進步已經領先許多國家，例如，2012年全面禁止飼養格子雞，2013年，全面禁止狹欄式養豬(sow stalls)。雖然台灣目前有動保法，在農委會也有規範人道運送、屠宰等等，但是因為腹地有限，飼養方面的規範與歐盟、澳洲等國家比較起來較爲寬鬆。 

xinhuanet.com