Miller, David L. Josiah Royce and George H. Mead on the Nature of the Self. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society. 1975, 11 (2): 67–89. JSTOR 40319730.
Robinson, Daniel Sommer. The Self and the World in the Philosophy of Josiah Royce. Christopher Publishing House. 1968: 9. Josiah Royce and William Ernest Hocking(英语:William Ernest Hocking) were the founders and creators of a unique and distinctly American school of idealistic philosophy.