联邦储备系统 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "联邦储备系统" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Chinese rank

40web.archive.org

1^st place

1^st place

15federalreserve.gov

2,493^rd place

3,108^th place

6^th place

4^th place

10stlouisfed.org

3,855^th place

3,073^rd place

8federalreservehistory.org

low place

low place

2kansascityfed.org

low place

low place

68^th place

209^th place

1frbdiscountwindow.org

low place

low place

4,367^th place

148^th place

489^th place

1,201^st place

703^rd place

1,016^th place

2,969^th place

3,876^th place

low place

low place

3,854^th place

low place

low place

low place

1minneapolisfed.org

1,535^th place

3,655^th place

1federalreserveeducation.org

low place

low place

archive.org

Catterall, Ralph C.H. The Second Bank of the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1903.
Hammond, Bray. Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War. Princeton: NJ: Princeton University Press. 1957.
Kaplan, Edward S. The Bank of the United States and the American Economy. Westport: CT: Greenwood Press. 1999.
Remini, Robert. Andrew Jackson and the Bank War: A Study in the Growth of Presidential Power. New York: W.W. Norton and Company. 1967.
Wicker, Elmus. The Great Debate on Banking Reform: Nelson Aldrich and the Origins of the Fed. Columbus: Ohio: Ohio State University Press. 2005.
Bruner, Robert F; Sean D. Carr. he Panic of 1907: Lessons Learned from the Market’s Perfect Storm. New York: Wiley. 2007.
Gorton; Gary B. Slapped by the Invisible Hand: The Panic of 2007. New York: Oxford University Press. 2010.
Gorton; Gary B. Misunderstanding Financial Crises. New York: Oxford University Press. 2012.
Timberlake, Richard H. Monetary Policy in the United States: An Intellectual and Institutional History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1993.
Forbes, B.C. Men Who Are Making America. New York: B.C. Forbes Publishing Co., Inc. 1917.
Glass, Carter. An Adventure in Constructive Finance. New York: Doubleday. 1927.
Lamont, Thomas. Henry P. Davison. The Record of a Useful Life. New York and London: arper and Brothers Publishers. 1933.
Wicker, Elmus. The Great Debate on Banking Reform. Ohio State University Press. 2005.
Wicker, Elmus. Great Debate on Banking Reform: Nelson Aldrich and the Origins of the Fed. Ohio State University Press. 2005.
Blinder, Alan. After the Music Stopped: The Financial Crisis, the Response, and the Work Ahead. New York: Penguin Press. 2013.

europa.eu

ecb.europa.eu

See European Central Bank, "Objective of Monetary Policy. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.
See European Central Bank, "The Definition of Price Stability. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.

federalreserve.gov

Reserve Requirements. 聯邦準備理事會. 2022-01-04 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2002-10-28）.
Open Market Operations. 聯邦準備理事會. 2023-07-26 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-14）.
Interest on Reserve Balances. 聯邦準備理事會. 2024-01-04 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-10）.
Chairman Alan Greenspan (May 2, 1998). federalreserve. [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-20）.
Carlson, Mark. Causes of Bank Suspensions in the Panic of 1893 Federal Reserve Board of Governors, 2011 (PDF). [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-29）.
Kroszner, Randall S. “The Effect of Removing Geographic Restrictions on Banking in the United States: Lessons for Europe. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-04）.
Rajan, Raghuram G., and Rodney Ramcharan. Constituencies and Legislation: The Fight Over the McFadden Act of 1927Offsite link." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2012-61, Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, DC. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-29）.
FRB: Mission". Federalreserve.gov. November 6, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2011.. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-30）.
关于美联储. federalreserve. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Board Organization Charts. 聯邦準備理事會. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
聯邦諮詢委員會. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
The statement is available on the Board's website at (PDF). [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-28）.
Monetary Policy Strategies of Major Central Banks. federalreserve. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.
This approach is sometimes referred to as "flexible" inflation targeting. Even the central banks whose mandate is stated solely in terms of inflation are not compelled to bring inflation back to target in the shortest possible time and may take account of other economic objectives (such as employment). In a common macroeconomic model, such an approach substantially reduces the welfare losses associated with inflation without incurring the large welfare losses that result from large deviations from full employment. Central banks with an inflation objective include the Federal Reserve, the Bank of England, the Bank of Japan, the ECB, the Swiss National Bank, and many other central banks. According to Svensson (2011), "In practice, inflation targeting is never 'strict' but always 'flexible,' because all inflation-targeting central banks . . . not only aim at stabilizing inflation around the inflation target but also put some weight on stabilizing the real economy; for instance, implicitly or explicitly stabilizing a measure of resource utilization such as the output gap; that is, the gap between actual and potential output." See Lars E.O. Svensson (2010), "Inflation Targeting," in Benjamin M. Friedman and Michael Woodford, eds., Handbook of Monetary Economics, vol. 3B (Amsterdam: North-Holland), pp. 1237-1302 (quoted text on p. 1239). For additional discussion, see, for example, Ben S. Bernanke (2003), "A Perspective on Inflation Targeting," speech delivered at the annual Washington Policy Conference of the National Association of Business Economists, Washington, March 25.. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-29）.
For a history of FOMC communications practices, see David E. Lindsey (2003), "A Modern History of FOMC Communication: 1975-2002 (PDF)," memo to the Federal Open Market Committee, June 24. (PDF). [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-04）.

federalreserveeducation.org

存档副本. [2021-01-12]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-29）.

federalreservehistory.org

The First Bank of the United States 1791-1811. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
The Second Bank of the United States 1816–1841. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Banking Panics of the Gilded Age 1863–1913. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Jon R. MoenOffsite link and Ellis W. Tallman. The Panic of 1907. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Gary RichardsonOffsite link and Jessie Romero, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. The Meeting at Jekyll Island. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Staff of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Federal Reserve Act Signed by President Wilson. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Reserve Bank Organization Committee Announces Selection of Reserve Bank Cities and District Boundaries. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Gary RichardsonOffsite link, Daniel Park, Alejandro KomaiOffsite link and Michael Gou. McFadden Act of 1927. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.

frbdiscountwindow.org

Current Discount Rates. 联邦储备系统. 2023-07-27 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-27）.

frbsf.org

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. “Dr. Econ: First, why haven't the boundaries of the 12 Federal Reserve Districts been adjusted to reflect changes in population or economic growth? Second, do the western states receive similar central banking and research services from the Federal Reserve, as do other areas of the country where Reserve Banks serve smaller geographic areas or populations?. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

gutenberg.org

Twain, Mark, and Charles Dudley Warner. he Gilded Age: A Tale of Today. Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company, 1873. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

kansascityfed.org

Adapted from: Todd, Tim. The Federal Reserve Act In The Balance of Power: The Political Fight for an Independent Central Bank, 1790-PresentOffsite link, 9-15. Kansas City: The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (PDF). kansascityfed. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-17）.
Todd, Tim, “Drawing the Federal Reserve DistrictsOffsite link,” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, TEN, Summer 2005. (PDF). [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-10-30）.

minneapolisfed.org

Hammes, David, "Locating Federal Reserve Districts and Headquarters CitiesOffsite link,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, The Region, September 1, 2001.. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

naer.edu.tw

terms.naer.edu.tw

聯邦準備制度（美國） Federal Reserve System (Fed). 樂詞網. 國家教育研究院. [2025-02-25] （中文（臺灣））.

nber.org

Gorton, Gary Band Ellis W. Tallman. How Did Pre-Fed Banking Panics End?” NBER Working Paper. nber. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-30）.

nyssa.org

post.nyssa.org

Woods, Philip. The Bank Panic of October 1907 – A Spectator’s View.” New York Society of Security Analysts. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

okhistory.org

Untermyer, Samuel. Who Is Entitled to Credit for the Federal Reserve Act? An Answer to Senator Carter Glass.” Manuscript (PDF). [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-17）.

ssrn.com

Fohlin, Caroline, Thomas Gehrig, and Marlene Haas. Rumors and Runs in Opaque Markets: Evidence from the Panic of 1907." Unpublished manuscript, 2015. ssrn.

stlouisfed.org

fraser.stlouisfed.org

Kemmerer, E. W. Seasonal Variations in the Relative Demand for Money and Capital in the United States. fraser. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
Sprague, O. M. W. History of Crises under the National Banking System.” National Monetary Commission Doc. fraser. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
United States National Monetary Commission. Letter from Secretary of the National Monetary Commission, Transmitting, Pursuant to Law, the Report of the Commission. Washington: Government Printing Office. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "Decision of the Reserve Bank Organization Committee Determining the Federal Reserve Districts and the Location of Federal Reserve Banks under the Federal Reserve Act Approved December 23, 1913.".
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "First-Choice Vote for Reserve-Bank Cities," 1914,.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "Hearings before the Reserve Bank Organization Committee—New York, New York,". [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-05）.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "Location of the Reserve Districts in the United States,” 1914.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. “Dual Banking System in the United States.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. “Federal Reserve Bulletin (PDF).

stlouisfed.org

Primm, James Neal. A Foregone Conclusion: The Founding of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. LouisOffsite link, St. Louis: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1989. (PDF). [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-11-15）.

web.archive.org

Reserve Requirements. 聯邦準備理事會. 2022-01-04 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2002-10-28）.
Current Discount Rates. 联邦储备系统. 2023-07-27 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-27）.
Open Market Operations. 聯邦準備理事會. 2023-07-26 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-14）.
Interest on Reserve Balances. 聯邦準備理事會. 2024-01-04 [2024-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2024-03-10）.
Chairman Alan Greenspan (May 2, 1998). federalreserve. [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-20）.
The First Bank of the United States 1791-1811. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
The Second Bank of the United States 1816–1841. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Banking Panics of the Gilded Age 1863–1913. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Carlson, Mark. Causes of Bank Suspensions in the Panic of 1893 Federal Reserve Board of Governors, 2011 (PDF). [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-29）.
Kemmerer, E. W. Seasonal Variations in the Relative Demand for Money and Capital in the United States. fraser. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
Sprague, O. M. W. History of Crises under the National Banking System.” National Monetary Commission Doc. fraser. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
Twain, Mark, and Charles Dudley Warner. he Gilded Age: A Tale of Today. Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company, 1873. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Jon R. MoenOffsite link and Ellis W. Tallman. The Panic of 1907. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Gorton, Gary Band Ellis W. Tallman. How Did Pre-Fed Banking Panics End?” NBER Working Paper. nber. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-30）.
Woods, Philip. The Bank Panic of October 1907 – A Spectator’s View.” New York Society of Security Analysts. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Gary RichardsonOffsite link and Jessie Romero, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. The Meeting at Jekyll Island. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Untermyer, Samuel. Who Is Entitled to Credit for the Federal Reserve Act? An Answer to Senator Carter Glass.” Manuscript (PDF). [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-17）.
United States National Monetary Commission. Letter from Secretary of the National Monetary Commission, Transmitting, Pursuant to Law, the Report of the Commission. Washington: Government Printing Office. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.
Staff of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. Federal Reserve Act Signed by President Wilson. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Adapted from: Todd, Tim. The Federal Reserve Act In The Balance of Power: The Political Fight for an Independent Central Bank, 1790-PresentOffsite link, 9-15. Kansas City: The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (PDF). kansascityfed. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-17）.
Reserve Bank Organization Committee Announces Selection of Reserve Bank Cities and District Boundaries. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. “Dr. Econ: First, why haven't the boundaries of the 12 Federal Reserve Districts been adjusted to reflect changes in population or economic growth? Second, do the western states receive similar central banking and research services from the Federal Reserve, as do other areas of the country where Reserve Banks serve smaller geographic areas or populations?. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. "Hearings before the Reserve Bank Organization Committee—New York, New York,". [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-05）.
Hammes, David, "Locating Federal Reserve Districts and Headquarters CitiesOffsite link,” Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, The Region, September 1, 2001.. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Primm, James Neal. A Foregone Conclusion: The Founding of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. LouisOffsite link, St. Louis: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1989. (PDF). [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-11-15）.
Todd, Tim, “Drawing the Federal Reserve DistrictsOffsite link,” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, TEN, Summer 2005. (PDF). [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-10-30）.
Gary RichardsonOffsite link, Daniel Park, Alejandro KomaiOffsite link and Michael Gou. McFadden Act of 1927. federalreservehistory. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-08-13）.
Kroszner, Randall S. “The Effect of Removing Geographic Restrictions on Banking in the United States: Lessons for Europe. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-04）.
Rajan, Raghuram G., and Rodney Ramcharan. Constituencies and Legislation: The Fight Over the McFadden Act of 1927Offsite link." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2012-61, Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, DC. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-10-29）.
FRB: Mission". Federalreserve.gov. November 6, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2011.. [2021-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-30）.
关于美联储. federalreserve. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
Board Organization Charts. 聯邦準備理事會. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
聯邦諮詢委員會. [2020-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
存档副本. [2021-01-12]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-29）.
The statement is available on the Board's website at (PDF). [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-28）.
See European Central Bank, "Objective of Monetary Policy. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.
See European Central Bank, "The Definition of Price Stability. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-31）.
Monetary Policy Strategies of Major Central Banks. federalreserve. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.
This approach is sometimes referred to as "flexible" inflation targeting. Even the central banks whose mandate is stated solely in terms of inflation are not compelled to bring inflation back to target in the shortest possible time and may take account of other economic objectives (such as employment). In a common macroeconomic model, such an approach substantially reduces the welfare losses associated with inflation without incurring the large welfare losses that result from large deviations from full employment. Central banks with an inflation objective include the Federal Reserve, the Bank of England, the Bank of Japan, the ECB, the Swiss National Bank, and many other central banks. According to Svensson (2011), "In practice, inflation targeting is never 'strict' but always 'flexible,' because all inflation-targeting central banks . . . not only aim at stabilizing inflation around the inflation target but also put some weight on stabilizing the real economy; for instance, implicitly or explicitly stabilizing a measure of resource utilization such as the output gap; that is, the gap between actual and potential output." See Lars E.O. Svensson (2010), "Inflation Targeting," in Benjamin M. Friedman and Michael Woodford, eds., Handbook of Monetary Economics, vol. 3B (Amsterdam: North-Holland), pp. 1237-1302 (quoted text on p. 1239). For additional discussion, see, for example, Ben S. Bernanke (2003), "A Perspective on Inflation Targeting," speech delivered at the annual Washington Policy Conference of the National Association of Business Economists, Washington, March 25.. [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-29）.
For a history of FOMC communications practices, see David E. Lindsey (2003), "A Modern History of FOMC Communication: 1975-2002 (PDF)," memo to the Federal Open Market Committee, June 24. (PDF). [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-04）.