Gutierrez, R. J.; Harrison, Susan. Appyling metapopulaation theory to spotted owl management: a history and critique. McCullough, Dale R., ed. (编). Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Washington DC: Island Press. 1996: 167–85 [2011-01-22]. ISBN 1559634588. (原始内容存档于2014-07-05).
Hunsaker, Carolyn T.; Boroski, Brian B.; Steger, George N. Relations between canopy cover and the occurrence and productivity of California spotted owls. Scott, J. Michael; Heglund, Patricia J.; Morrison, Michael L.; Haufler, Jonathan B.; Raphael, Martin G.; Wall, William A.; Samson, Fred B. (编). Predicting species occurrences: Issues of accuracy and scale. Covelo, CA: Island Press. 2002: 687–700 [2011-01-22]. ISBN 1559637870. (原始内容存档于2014-06-26).
Northern Spotted Owl Recovery Team. Recovery plan for the northern spotted owl(PDF). Portland, OR: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region. 1992 [2011-01-22]. (原始内容存档(PDF)于2017-04-30).
ihmc.us
cmapspublic3.ihmc.us
Forsman, Eric D.; Otto, Ivy A.; Sovern, Stan G.; Taylor, Margaret; Hays, David W.; Allen, Harriet; Roberts, Susan L.; Seaman, D. Erran. Spatial and temporal variation in diets of spotted owls in Washington(PDF). Journal of Raptor Research. 2001, 35 (2): 141–50 [2011-01-22]. (原始内容存档(PDF)于2016-03-03).
Gutierrez, R. J.; Harrison, Susan. Appyling metapopulaation theory to spotted owl management: a history and critique. McCullough, Dale R., ed. (编). Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Washington DC: Island Press. 1996: 167–85 [2011-01-22]. ISBN 1559634588. (原始内容存档于2014-07-05).
Northern Spotted Owl Recovery Team. Recovery plan for the northern spotted owl(PDF). Portland, OR: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Region. 1992 [2011-01-22]. (原始内容存档(PDF)于2017-04-30).
Hunsaker, Carolyn T.; Boroski, Brian B.; Steger, George N. Relations between canopy cover and the occurrence and productivity of California spotted owls. Scott, J. Michael; Heglund, Patricia J.; Morrison, Michael L.; Haufler, Jonathan B.; Raphael, Martin G.; Wall, William A.; Samson, Fred B. (编). Predicting species occurrences: Issues of accuracy and scale. Covelo, CA: Island Press. 2002: 687–700 [2011-01-22]. ISBN 1559637870. (原始内容存档于2014-06-26).
Forsman, Eric D.; Otto, Ivy A.; Sovern, Stan G.; Taylor, Margaret; Hays, David W.; Allen, Harriet; Roberts, Susan L.; Seaman, D. Erran. Spatial and temporal variation in diets of spotted owls in Washington(PDF). Journal of Raptor Research. 2001, 35 (2): 141–50 [2011-01-22]. (原始内容存档(PDF)于2016-03-03).