阿拉伯—拜占庭战争 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "阿拉伯—拜占庭战争" in Chinese language version.

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41books.google.com

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3documentacatholicaomnia.eu

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2fordham.edu

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2adelaide.edu.au

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1911encyclopedia.org

7.1911encyclopedia.org

1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 存档副本. [2008-03-01]. （原始内容存档于2008-03-01）.

adelaide.edu.au

etext.library.adelaide.edu.au

Gibbon，Chapter 51.互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2005-07-21. Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
Gibbon，Chapter 51.互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2005-07-21. Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.

archive.org

Theophanes the Confessor，第317-327頁
* Greatrex 2002，第217-227頁，II; Haldon 1997，第46頁; Baynes 1912，passim; Speck 1984，第178頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD). Routledge. 2002. ISBN 0-415-14687-9. Haldon, John. The East Roman World: the Politics of Survival. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. 1997. ISBN 0-521-31917-X. Baynes, Norman H. The restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem. The English Historical Review. 1912, 27 (106): 287–299. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXVII.CVI.287. Speck, Paul. Ikonoklasmus und die Anfänge der Makedonischen Renaissance. Varia 1 (Poikila Byzantina 4). Rudolf Halbelt. 1984: 175–210.
Foss 1975，第746-47頁. Foss, Clive. The Persians in Asia Minor and the End of Antiquity. The English Historical Review. 1975, 90: 721–47. doi:10.1093/ehr/XC.CCCLVII.721.
Read 2001，第51頁 Read, Piers Paul. The Templars. Phoenix Press, Orion Publishing Group. 2001. ISBN 0-7538-1087-5.
Stathakopoulos 2004，第318頁. Stathakopoulos, Dionysios. Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire. Ashgate Publishing. 2004. ISBN 0-7546-3021-8.
Kennedy 2004，第120頁 Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second Edition). Pearson Education Ltd. 2004. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
Kennedy 2004，第120, 122頁. Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second Edition). Pearson Education Ltd. 2004. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
Kennedy 2004，第143, 275頁. Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second Edition). Pearson Education Ltd. 2004. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
Whittow 1996，第139-142頁. Whittow, Mark. The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1996. ISBN 978-0-520-20496-6.
Kennedy 2004，第143-144頁. Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second Edition). Pearson Education Ltd. 2004. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
Kennedy 2004，第146頁. Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second Edition). Pearson Education Ltd. 2004. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
Norwich 1998 Norwich, John Julius. A Short History of Byzantium. Penguin. 1998. ISBN 0-14-025960-0.
Read 2001，第65-66頁 Read, Piers Paul. The Templars. Phoenix Press, Orion Publishing Group. 2001. ISBN 0-7538-1087-5.
Angold 1997 Angold, Michael. The Byzantine Empire. Longman. 1997: 1025-1204. ISBN 0-582-29468-1.
Woods 2005 Woods, Thomas. How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization. Regenery. 2005. ISBN 0-89526-038-7.

archive.today

1911 Encyclopædia Britannica 存档副本. [2008-03-01]. （原始内容存档于2008-03-01）.

books.google.com

Theophanes the Confessor，第317-327頁
* Greatrex 2002，第217-227頁，II; Haldon 1997，第46頁; Baynes 1912，passim; Speck 1984，第178頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD). Routledge. 2002. ISBN 0-415-14687-9. Haldon, John. The East Roman World: the Politics of Survival. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. 1997. ISBN 0-521-31917-X. Baynes, Norman H. The restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem. The English Historical Review. 1912, 27 (106): 287–299. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXVII.CVI.287. Speck, Paul. Ikonoklasmus und die Anfänge der Makedonischen Renaissance. Varia 1 (Poikila Byzantina 4). Rudolf Halbelt. 1984: 175–210.
Liska 1998，第170頁. Liska, George. Projection contra Prediction: Alternative Futures and Options. Expanding Realism: The Historical Dimension of World Politics. Rowman & Littlefield. 1998. ISBN 0-8476-8680-9.
Kaegi 1995，第66頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Nicolle 1994，第14頁. Nicolle, Davis. Yarmuk AD 636. Osprey Publishing. 1994. ISBN 1-85532-414-8. ^{[失效連結]}
Butler 2007，第145頁，"Muhammad", Late Antiquity. Butler, Alfred J. The Arab Conquest of Egypt – And the Last Thirty Years of the Roman. Read Books. 2007. ISBN 1-4067-5238-X.
Kaegi 1995，第67頁 Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Nicolle 1994，第47-49頁. Nicolle, Davis. Yarmuk AD 636. Osprey Publishing. 1994. ISBN 1-85532-414-8. ^{[失效連結]}
Kaegi 1995，第112頁 Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Nicolle 1994，第45頁. Nicolle, Davis. Yarmuk AD 636. Osprey Publishing. 1994. ISBN 1-85532-414-8. ^{[失效連結]}
Al-Baladhuri, The Battle of the Yarmuk (636) and after 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2013-10-11.; Michael the Syrian, Chronicle, II, 424
*Sahas 1972，第19-20頁 Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.
Zonaras，CXXXIV, 1288
*Sahas 1972，第20頁 Zonaras, Joannes. Annales (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-05-14）. Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.
Runciman 1987，i, 3. Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades. Cambridge University Press. 1987 [1951]. ISBN 0-521-34770-X.
Kennedy 1998，第62頁. Kennedy, Hugh. Egypt as a Province in the Islamic Caliphate, 641–868. Daly, M.W.; Petry, Calf. F. (编). The Cambridge History of Egypt. Cambridge University Press. 1998. ISBN 0-521-47137-0.
Butler 2007，第427-428頁. Butler, Alfred J. The Arab Conquest of Egypt – And the Last Thirty Years of the Roman. Read Books. 2007. ISBN 1-4067-5238-X.
Davies 1996，第245, 252頁 Davies, Norman. The Birth of Europe. Europe. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
Butler 2007，第465-483頁. Butler, Alfred J. The Arab Conquest of Egypt – And the Last Thirty Years of the Roman. Read Books. 2007. ISBN 1-4067-5238-X.
Haldon 1999，第167頁. Haldon, John F. The Army at Wars: Campaigns. Warfare, State and Society in the Byzantine World, 565-1204. Routledge. 1999. ISBN 1-85728-494-1.
Treadgold 1997，第312頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Theophanes the Confessor，第645-646頁
* Haldon 1990，第55頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Haldon, John F. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge University Press. 1990 [2021-03-09]. ISBN 978-0-521-31917-1. （原始内容存档于2019-01-28）.
Fage & Tordoff 2002，第153-154頁. Fage, J. D.; Tordoff, William. A History of Africa. Routledge. 2002 [2013-02-09]. ISBN 978-0-415-25248-5.
Kaegi 1995，第236-244頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Treadgold 1997，第313-314頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Kaegi 1995，第246-247頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Treadgold 1997，第314-318頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第318-324頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第325-327頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Davies 1996，第245頁 Davies, Norman. The Birth of Europe. Europe. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
Treadgold 1997，第337-345頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第346-347頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第347頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第347-349頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Treadgold 1997，第349ff頁 Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Blankinship 1994，第117-119頁 Blankinship, Khalid Yahya. The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. 1994. ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
Blankinship 1994，第119-121, 162-163頁. Blankinship, Khalid Yahya. The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. 1994. ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
Treadgold 1997，第350–353頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Davis 1996，第273頁 Davis, Norman. Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
Davis 1996，第246頁 Davis, Norman. Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
Blankinship 1994，第20, 168-169, 200頁. Blankinship, Khalid Yahya. The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. 1994. ISBN 978-0-7914-1827-7.
Treadgold 1997，第354-355頁. Treadgold, Warren. A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
Davis 1996 Davis, Norman. Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
Davis 1996，第257頁 Davis, Norman. Europe: A History. Oxford University Press. 1996. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.

britannica.com

"Ghassan." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 18 October 2006[1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

decadevolcano.net

Volcanism on Santorini / eruptive history. [2012-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-30）.

documentacatholicaomnia.eu

Theophanes the Confessor，第317-327頁
* Greatrex 2002，第217-227頁，II; Haldon 1997，第46頁; Baynes 1912，passim; Speck 1984，第178頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD). Routledge. 2002. ISBN 0-415-14687-9. Haldon, John. The East Roman World: the Politics of Survival. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. 1997. ISBN 0-521-31917-X. Baynes, Norman H. The restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem. The English Historical Review. 1912, 27 (106): 287–299. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXVII.CVI.287. Speck, Paul. Ikonoklasmus und die Anfänge der Makedonischen Renaissance. Varia 1 (Poikila Byzantina 4). Rudolf Halbelt. 1984: 175–210.
Zonaras，CXXXIV, 1288
*Sahas 1972，第20頁 Zonaras, Joannes. Annales (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-05-14）. Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.
Theophanes the Confessor，第645-646頁
* Haldon 1990，第55頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Haldon, John F. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge University Press. 1990 [2021-03-09]. ISBN 978-0-521-31917-1. （原始内容存档于2019-01-28）.

doi.org

Theophanes the Confessor，第317-327頁
* Greatrex 2002，第217-227頁，II; Haldon 1997，第46頁; Baynes 1912，passim; Speck 1984，第178頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD). Routledge. 2002. ISBN 0-415-14687-9. Haldon, John. The East Roman World: the Politics of Survival. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. 1997. ISBN 0-521-31917-X. Baynes, Norman H. The restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem. The English Historical Review. 1912, 27 (106): 287–299. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXVII.CVI.287. Speck, Paul. Ikonoklasmus und die Anfänge der Makedonischen Renaissance. Varia 1 (Poikila Byzantina 4). Rudolf Halbelt. 1984: 175–210.
Foss 1975，第746-47頁. Foss, Clive. The Persians in Asia Minor and the End of Antiquity. The English Historical Review. 1975, 90: 721–47. doi:10.1093/ehr/XC.CCCLVII.721.

fordham.edu

存档副本. [2016-02-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-11）.
Al-Baladhuri, The Battle of the Yarmuk (636) and after 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2013-10-11.; Michael the Syrian, Chronicle, II, 424
*Sahas 1972，第19-20頁 Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.

ospreypublishing.com

The Walls of Constantinople, AD 324–1453 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-09-27., Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-759-X.
Nicolle 2005 Nicolle, David. Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1192–1302. Osprey Publishing. 2005 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 1-84176-827-8. （原始内容存档于2007-09-27）.

ucalgary.ca

The Islamic World to 1600: Umayyad Territorial Expansion 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2006-11-29..

web.archive.org

"Ghassan." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 18 October 2006[1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Theophanes the Confessor，第317-327頁
* Greatrex 2002，第217-227頁，II; Haldon 1997，第46頁; Baynes 1912，passim; Speck 1984，第178頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Greatrex, Geoffrey; Lieu, Samuel N. C. The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD). Routledge. 2002. ISBN 0-415-14687-9. Haldon, John. The East Roman World: the Politics of Survival. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: the Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge. 1997. ISBN 0-521-31917-X. Baynes, Norman H. The restoration of the Cross at Jerusalem. The English Historical Review. 1912, 27 (106): 287–299. doi:10.1093/ehr/XXVII.CVI.287. Speck, Paul. Ikonoklasmus und die Anfänge der Makedonischen Renaissance. Varia 1 (Poikila Byzantina 4). Rudolf Halbelt. 1984: 175–210.
Kaegi 1995，第66頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Kaegi 1995，第67頁 Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Kaegi 1995，第112頁 Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
存档副本. [2016-02-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-11）.
Al-Baladhuri, The Battle of the Yarmuk (636) and after 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2013-10-11.; Michael the Syrian, Chronicle, II, 424
*Sahas 1972，第19-20頁 Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.
Zonaras，CXXXIV, 1288
*Sahas 1972，第20頁 Zonaras, Joannes. Annales (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-05-14）. Sahas, Daniel J. Historical Considerations. John of Damascus on Islam. Brill. 1972. ISBN 90-04-03495-1.
Theophanes the Confessor，第645-646頁
* Haldon 1990，第55頁 Theophanes the Confessor. Chronicle' (PDF). [2012-08-30]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-05-20）. Haldon, John F. Byzantium in the Seventh Century: The Transformation of a Culture. Cambridge University Press. 1990 [2021-03-09]. ISBN 978-0-521-31917-1. （原始内容存档于2019-01-28）.
The Islamic World to 1600: Umayyad Territorial Expansion 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2006-11-29..
Gibbon，Chapter 51.互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2005-07-21. Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
Gibbon，Chapter 51.互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2005-07-21. Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
Kaegi 1995，第236-244頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
Kaegi 1995，第246-247頁. Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests. Cambridge University Press. 1995 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 0-521-48455-3. （原始内容存档于2016-02-07）.
The Walls of Constantinople, AD 324–1453 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-09-27., Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-759-X.
Volcanism on Santorini / eruptive history. [2012-08-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-05-30）.
Nicolle 2005 Nicolle, David. Crusader Castles in the Holy Land 1192–1302. Osprey Publishing. 2005 [2012-08-30]. ISBN 1-84176-827-8. （原始内容存档于2007-09-27）.