電痙攣療法 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "電痙攣療法" in Chinese language version.

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28nih.gov

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archive.org

Devanand DP, Verma AK, Tirumalasetti F, Sackeim HA. Absence of cognitive impairment after more than 100 lifetime ECT treatments. The American Journal of Psychiatry. July 1991, 148 (7): 929–932. PMID 2053635. doi:10.1176/ajp.148.7.929.

books.google.com

American Psychiatric Association; Committee on Electroconvulsive Therapy; Richard D. Weiner (chairperson); et al. The practice of electroconvulsive therapy: recommendations for treatment, training, and privileging 2nd. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2001. ISBN 978-0-89042-206-9.

cambridge.org

Read, John; Bentall, Richard. The effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy: A literature review. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2010-12, 19 (4). ISSN 2045-7960. PMID 21322506. doi:10.1017/S1121189X00000671 （英语）.

doi.org

Pompili M, Dominici G, Giordano G, Longo L, Serafini G, Lester D, Amore M, Girardi P. Electroconvulsive treatment during pregnancy: a systematic review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. December 2014, 14 (12): 1377–1390. PMID 25346216. S2CID 31209001. doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.972373.
Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM. Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (PDF). Psychological Medicine. February 2017, 47 (3): 518–530. PMID 27780482. S2CID 10711085. doi:10.1017/S0033291716002737. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-16）.
Lisanby SH, Maddox JH, Prudic J, Devanand DP, Sackeim HA. The effects of electroconvulsive therapy on memory of autobiographical and public events. Archives of General Psychiatry. June 2000, 57 (6): 581–590. PMID 10839336. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.6.581.
Duma A, Maleczek M, Panjikaran B, Herkner H, Karrison T, Nagele P. Major Adverse Cardiac Events and Mortality Associated with Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. January 2019, 130 (1): 83–91. PMC 6300062 . PMID 30557212. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002488.
Read J, Moncrieff J. Depression: why drugs and electricity are not the answer (PDF). Psychological Medicine. June 2022, 52 (8): 1401–1410. PMID 35100527. S2CID 246442707. doi:10.1017/S0033291721005031.
Tørring N, Sanghani SN, Petrides G, Kellner CH, Østergaard SD. The mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. May 2017, 135 (5): 388–397. PMID 28332236. S2CID 31879446. doi:10.1111/acps.12721.
Espinoza, Randall T.; Kellner, Charles H. Electroconvulsive Therapy. New England Journal of Medicine. 17 February 2022, 386 (7): 667–672. PMID 35172057. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2034954.
Rose D, Fleischmann P, Wykes T, Leese M, Bindman J. Patients' perspectives on electroconvulsive therapy: systematic review. BMJ. June 2003, 326 (7403): 1363–0. PMC 162130 . PMID 12816822. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7403.1363.
Semkovska M, McLoughlin DM. Measuring retrograde autobiographical amnesia following electroconvulsive therapy: historical perspective and current issues. The Journal of ECT. June 2013, 29 (2): 127–133. PMID 23303426. S2CID 45019739. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e318279c2c9.
Osler, Merete; Rozing, Maarten Pieter; Christensen, Gunhild Tidemann; Andersen, Per Kragh; Jørgensen, Martin Balslev. Electroconvulsive therapy and risk of dementia in patients with affective disorders: a cohort study. The Lancet Psychiatry. April 2018, 5 (4): 348–356. PMID 29523431. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30056-7.
Devanand DP, Verma AK, Tirumalasetti F, Sackeim HA. Absence of cognitive impairment after more than 100 lifetime ECT treatments. The American Journal of Psychiatry. July 1991, 148 (7): 929–932. PMID 2053635. doi:10.1176/ajp.148.7.929.
Gbyl K, Videbech P. Electroconvulsive therapy increases brain volume in major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. September 2018, 138 (3): 180–195. PMID 29707778. S2CID 14042369. doi:10.1111/acps.12884.
Wilkinson ST, Sanacora G, Bloch MH. Hippocampal volume changes following electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. May 2017, 2 (4): 327–335. PMC 5627663 . PMID 28989984. doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.01.011.
Beloucif S. Informed consent for special procedures: electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology. April 2013, 26 (2): 182–185. PMID 23385317. S2CID 36643014. doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e32835e7380.
Benevides TW, Shore SM, Andresen ML, Caplan R, Cook B, Gassner DL, Erves JM, Hazlewood TM, King MC, Morgan L, Murphy LE, Purkis Y, Rankowski B, Rutledge SM, Welch SP, Wittig K. Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review. Autism. August 2020, 24 (6): 1345–1359. PMC 7787674 . PMID 32390461. S2CID 218586379. doi:10.1177/1362361320913664 .
Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. 2003-03, 361 (9360). doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12705-5 （英语）.
UK ECT Review Group. Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. March 2003, 361 (9360): 799–808. PMID 12642045. S2CID 28964580. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12705-5.
Pagnin D, de Queiroz V, Pini S, Cassano GB. Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review. The Journal of ECT. March 2004, 20 (1): 13–20. PMID 15087991. S2CID 25843283. doi:10.1097/00124509-200403000-00004.
Read, John; Bentall, Richard. The effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy: A literature review. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2010-12, 19 (4). ISSN 2045-7960. PMID 21322506. doi:10.1017/S1121189X00000671 （英语）.
Dierckx B, Heijnen WT, van den Broek WW, Birkenhäger TK. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disorders (Wiley). March 2012, 14 (2): 146–150. PMID 22420590. S2CID 44280002. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.00997.x.
Micallef-Trigona B. Comparing the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depression Research and Treatment. 2014, 2014: 135049. PMC 4131106 . PMID 25143831. doi:10.1155/2014/135049 .
Jelovac A, Kolshus E, McLoughlin DM. Relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology. November 2013, 38 (12): 2467–2474. PMC 3799066 . PMID 23774532. doi:10.1038/npp.2013.149.
Lambrichts S, Detraux J, Vansteelandt K, Nordenskjöld A, Obbels J, Schrijvers D, Sienaert P. Does lithium prevent relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. April 2021, 143 (4): 294–306. PMID 33506961. S2CID 231759831. doi:10.1111/acps.13277. hdl:10067/1751810151162165141 .
Penders TM, Gestring RE, Vilensky DA. Intoxication delirium following use of synthetic cathinone derivatives. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. November 2012, 38 (6): 616–617. PMID 22783894. S2CID 207428569. doi:10.3109/00952990.2012.694535.
Penders TM, Lang MC, Pagano JJ, Gooding ZS. Electroconvulsive therapy improves persistent psychosis after repeated use of methylenedioxypyrovalerone ("bath salts"). The Journal of ECT. December 2013, 29 (4): e59–e60. PMID 23609518. S2CID 45842375. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e3182887bc2.
Sienaert P, Dhossche DM, Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Gazdag G. A clinical review of the treatment of catatonia. Frontiers in Psychiatry. Dec 2014, 5: 181. PMC 4260674 . PMID 25538636. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00181 .
Ousdal OT, Brancati GE, Kessler U, Erchinger V, Dale AM, Abbott C, Oltedal L. The Neurobiological Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy Studied Through Magnetic Resonance: What Have We Learned, and Where Do We Go?. Biological Psychiatry. March 2022, 91 (6): 540–549. PMC 8630079 . PMID 34274106. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.023.
Tsoukalas, Ioannis. How does ECT work? A new explanatory model and suggestions for non-convulsive applications. Medical Hypotheses. 2020, 145 (110337). PMID 33099256. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110337.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. 2003-03, 361 (9360). doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12705-5 （英语）.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Lambrichts S, Detraux J, Vansteelandt K, Nordenskjöld A, Obbels J, Schrijvers D, Sienaert P. Does lithium prevent relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. April 2021, 143 (4): 294–306. PMID 33506961. S2CID 231759831. doi:10.1111/acps.13277. hdl:10067/1751810151162165141 .

kuleuven.be

lirias.kuleuven.be

Lambrichts S, Detraux J, Vansteelandt K, Nordenskjöld A, Obbels J, Schrijvers D, Sienaert P. Does lithium prevent relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. April 2021, 143 (4): 294–306. PMID 33506961. S2CID 231759831. doi:10.1111/acps.13277. hdl:10067/1751810151162165141 .

manchester.ac.uk

personalpages.manchester.ac.uk

Solano J. Electroconvulsive Therapy (PDF): 4. 2009-04-20 [2022-05-17]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-02-18）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pompili M, Dominici G, Giordano G, Longo L, Serafini G, Lester D, Amore M, Girardi P. Electroconvulsive treatment during pregnancy: a systematic review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. December 2014, 14 (12): 1377–1390. PMID 25346216. S2CID 31209001. doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.972373.
Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM. Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (PDF). Psychological Medicine. February 2017, 47 (3): 518–530. PMID 27780482. S2CID 10711085. doi:10.1017/S0033291716002737. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-16）.
Horne R, Pettinati H, Sugerman A, Varga E. Comparing bilateral to unilateral electroconvulsive therapy in a randomized study with EEG monitoring.. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985, 42 (11): 1087–92. PMID 3901956.
Lisanby SH, Maddox JH, Prudic J, Devanand DP, Sackeim HA. The effects of electroconvulsive therapy on memory of autobiographical and public events. Archives of General Psychiatry. June 2000, 57 (6): 581–590. PMID 10839336. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.6.581.
Duma A, Maleczek M, Panjikaran B, Herkner H, Karrison T, Nagele P. Major Adverse Cardiac Events and Mortality Associated with Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Anesthesiology. January 2019, 130 (1): 83–91. PMC 6300062 . PMID 30557212. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002488.
Read J, Moncrieff J. Depression: why drugs and electricity are not the answer (PDF). Psychological Medicine. June 2022, 52 (8): 1401–1410. PMID 35100527. S2CID 246442707. doi:10.1017/S0033291721005031.
Tørring N, Sanghani SN, Petrides G, Kellner CH, Østergaard SD. The mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. May 2017, 135 (5): 388–397. PMID 28332236. S2CID 31879446. doi:10.1111/acps.12721.
Espinoza, Randall T.; Kellner, Charles H. Electroconvulsive Therapy. New England Journal of Medicine. 17 February 2022, 386 (7): 667–672. PMID 35172057. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2034954.
Rose D, Fleischmann P, Wykes T, Leese M, Bindman J. Patients' perspectives on electroconvulsive therapy: systematic review. BMJ. June 2003, 326 (7403): 1363–0. PMC 162130 . PMID 12816822. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7403.1363.
Semkovska M, McLoughlin DM. Measuring retrograde autobiographical amnesia following electroconvulsive therapy: historical perspective and current issues. The Journal of ECT. June 2013, 29 (2): 127–133. PMID 23303426. S2CID 45019739. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e318279c2c9.
Osler, Merete; Rozing, Maarten Pieter; Christensen, Gunhild Tidemann; Andersen, Per Kragh; Jørgensen, Martin Balslev. Electroconvulsive therapy and risk of dementia in patients with affective disorders: a cohort study. The Lancet Psychiatry. April 2018, 5 (4): 348–356. PMID 29523431. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30056-7.
Devanand DP, Verma AK, Tirumalasetti F, Sackeim HA. Absence of cognitive impairment after more than 100 lifetime ECT treatments. The American Journal of Psychiatry. July 1991, 148 (7): 929–932. PMID 2053635. doi:10.1176/ajp.148.7.929.
Gbyl K, Videbech P. Electroconvulsive therapy increases brain volume in major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. September 2018, 138 (3): 180–195. PMID 29707778. S2CID 14042369. doi:10.1111/acps.12884.
Wilkinson ST, Sanacora G, Bloch MH. Hippocampal volume changes following electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. May 2017, 2 (4): 327–335. PMC 5627663 . PMID 28989984. doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.01.011.
Beloucif S. Informed consent for special procedures: electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology. April 2013, 26 (2): 182–185. PMID 23385317. S2CID 36643014. doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e32835e7380.
Benevides TW, Shore SM, Andresen ML, Caplan R, Cook B, Gassner DL, Erves JM, Hazlewood TM, King MC, Morgan L, Murphy LE, Purkis Y, Rankowski B, Rutledge SM, Welch SP, Wittig K. Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review. Autism. August 2020, 24 (6): 1345–1359. PMC 7787674 . PMID 32390461. S2CID 218586379. doi:10.1177/1362361320913664 .
UK ECT Review Group. Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. March 2003, 361 (9360): 799–808. PMID 12642045. S2CID 28964580. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12705-5.
Pagnin D, de Queiroz V, Pini S, Cassano GB. Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review. The Journal of ECT. March 2004, 20 (1): 13–20. PMID 15087991. S2CID 25843283. doi:10.1097/00124509-200403000-00004.
Read, John; Bentall, Richard. The effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy: A literature review. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences. 2010-12, 19 (4). ISSN 2045-7960. PMID 21322506. doi:10.1017/S1121189X00000671 （英语）.
Dierckx B, Heijnen WT, van den Broek WW, Birkenhäger TK. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disorders (Wiley). March 2012, 14 (2): 146–150. PMID 22420590. S2CID 44280002. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.00997.x.
Micallef-Trigona B. Comparing the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Depression Research and Treatment. 2014, 2014: 135049. PMC 4131106 . PMID 25143831. doi:10.1155/2014/135049 .
Jelovac A, Kolshus E, McLoughlin DM. Relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression: a meta-analysis. Neuropsychopharmacology. November 2013, 38 (12): 2467–2474. PMC 3799066 . PMID 23774532. doi:10.1038/npp.2013.149.
Lambrichts S, Detraux J, Vansteelandt K, Nordenskjöld A, Obbels J, Schrijvers D, Sienaert P. Does lithium prevent relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. April 2021, 143 (4): 294–306. PMID 33506961. S2CID 231759831. doi:10.1111/acps.13277. hdl:10067/1751810151162165141 .
Penders TM, Gestring RE, Vilensky DA. Intoxication delirium following use of synthetic cathinone derivatives. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. November 2012, 38 (6): 616–617. PMID 22783894. S2CID 207428569. doi:10.3109/00952990.2012.694535.
Penders TM, Lang MC, Pagano JJ, Gooding ZS. Electroconvulsive therapy improves persistent psychosis after repeated use of methylenedioxypyrovalerone ("bath salts"). The Journal of ECT. December 2013, 29 (4): e59–e60. PMID 23609518. S2CID 45842375. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e3182887bc2.
Sienaert P, Dhossche DM, Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Gazdag G. A clinical review of the treatment of catatonia. Frontiers in Psychiatry. Dec 2014, 5: 181. PMC 4260674 . PMID 25538636. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00181 .
Ousdal OT, Brancati GE, Kessler U, Erchinger V, Dale AM, Abbott C, Oltedal L. The Neurobiological Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy Studied Through Magnetic Resonance: What Have We Learned, and Where Do We Go?. Biological Psychiatry. March 2022, 91 (6): 540–549. PMC 8630079 . PMID 34274106. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.023.
Tsoukalas, Ioannis. How does ECT work? A new explanatory model and suggestions for non-convulsive applications. Medical Hypotheses. 2020, 145 (110337). PMID 33099256. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110337.

primarypsychiatry.com

Sussman N. In Session with Charles H. Kellner, MD: Current Developments in Electroconvulsive Therapy. Primary Psychiatry. March 2007, 14 (3): 34–37 [2009-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-16）.

psychcentral.com

Margarita Tartakovsky (2012) Psych Central. 5 Outdated Beliefs About ECT 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2013-08-08.

psychrights.org

FDA. FDA Executive Summary. Prepared for the January 27–28, 2011 meeting of the Neurological Devices Panel Meeting to Discuss the Classification of Electroconvulsive Therapy Devices (ECT). Quote, p. 38: "Three major practice guidelines have been published on ECT. These guidelines include: APA Task Force on ECT (2001); Third report of the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Special Committee on ECT (2004); National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE 2003; NICE 2009). There is significant agreement between the three sets of recommendations."

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Pompili M, Dominici G, Giordano G, Longo L, Serafini G, Lester D, Amore M, Girardi P. Electroconvulsive treatment during pregnancy: a systematic review. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. December 2014, 14 (12): 1377–1390. PMID 25346216. S2CID 31209001. doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.972373.
Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM. Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (PDF). Psychological Medicine. February 2017, 47 (3): 518–530. PMID 27780482. S2CID 10711085. doi:10.1017/S0033291716002737. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-16）.
Read J, Moncrieff J. Depression: why drugs and electricity are not the answer (PDF). Psychological Medicine. June 2022, 52 (8): 1401–1410. PMID 35100527. S2CID 246442707. doi:10.1017/S0033291721005031.
Tørring N, Sanghani SN, Petrides G, Kellner CH, Østergaard SD. The mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. May 2017, 135 (5): 388–397. PMID 28332236. S2CID 31879446. doi:10.1111/acps.12721.
Semkovska M, McLoughlin DM. Measuring retrograde autobiographical amnesia following electroconvulsive therapy: historical perspective and current issues. The Journal of ECT. June 2013, 29 (2): 127–133. PMID 23303426. S2CID 45019739. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e318279c2c9.
Gbyl K, Videbech P. Electroconvulsive therapy increases brain volume in major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. September 2018, 138 (3): 180–195. PMID 29707778. S2CID 14042369. doi:10.1111/acps.12884.
Beloucif S. Informed consent for special procedures: electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology. April 2013, 26 (2): 182–185. PMID 23385317. S2CID 36643014. doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e32835e7380.
Benevides TW, Shore SM, Andresen ML, Caplan R, Cook B, Gassner DL, Erves JM, Hazlewood TM, King MC, Morgan L, Murphy LE, Purkis Y, Rankowski B, Rutledge SM, Welch SP, Wittig K. Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review. Autism. August 2020, 24 (6): 1345–1359. PMC 7787674 . PMID 32390461. S2CID 218586379. doi:10.1177/1362361320913664 .
UK ECT Review Group. Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. March 2003, 361 (9360): 799–808. PMID 12642045. S2CID 28964580. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12705-5.
Pagnin D, de Queiroz V, Pini S, Cassano GB. Efficacy of ECT in depression: a meta-analytic review. The Journal of ECT. March 2004, 20 (1): 13–20. PMID 15087991. S2CID 25843283. doi:10.1097/00124509-200403000-00004.
Dierckx B, Heijnen WT, van den Broek WW, Birkenhäger TK. Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta-analysis. Bipolar Disorders (Wiley). March 2012, 14 (2): 146–150. PMID 22420590. S2CID 44280002. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.00997.x.
Lambrichts S, Detraux J, Vansteelandt K, Nordenskjöld A, Obbels J, Schrijvers D, Sienaert P. Does lithium prevent relapse following successful electroconvulsive therapy for major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. April 2021, 143 (4): 294–306. PMID 33506961. S2CID 231759831. doi:10.1111/acps.13277. hdl:10067/1751810151162165141 .
Penders TM, Gestring RE, Vilensky DA. Intoxication delirium following use of synthetic cathinone derivatives. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. November 2012, 38 (6): 616–617. PMID 22783894. S2CID 207428569. doi:10.3109/00952990.2012.694535.
Penders TM, Lang MC, Pagano JJ, Gooding ZS. Electroconvulsive therapy improves persistent psychosis after repeated use of methylenedioxypyrovalerone ("bath salts"). The Journal of ECT. December 2013, 29 (4): e59–e60. PMID 23609518. S2CID 45842375. doi:10.1097/YCT.0b013e3182887bc2.

stpatricks.ie

Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM. Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (PDF). Psychological Medicine. February 2017, 47 (3): 518–530. PMID 27780482. S2CID 10711085. doi:10.1017/S0033291716002737. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-16）.

surgeongeneral.gov

Surgeon General (1999). Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General, chapter 4.

uel.ac.uk

repository.uel.ac.uk

Read J, Moncrieff J. Depression: why drugs and electricity are not the answer (PDF). Psychological Medicine. June 2022, 52 (8): 1401–1410. PMID 35100527. S2CID 246442707. doi:10.1017/S0033291721005031.

web.archive.org

Rudorfer MV, Henry ME, Sackeim HA. Electroconvulsive therapy (PDF). Tasman A, Kay J, Lieberman JA (编). Psychiatry Second. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2003: 1865–1901. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2007-08-10）.
Solano J. Electroconvulsive Therapy (PDF): 4. 2009-04-20 [2022-05-17]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-02-18）.
Kolshus E, Jelovac A, McLoughlin DM. Bitemporal v. high-dose right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (PDF). Psychological Medicine. February 2017, 47 (3): 518–530. PMID 27780482. S2CID 10711085. doi:10.1017/S0033291716002737. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-06-16）.
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