Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II - A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. V - Luminosity functions of Virgo Cluster galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. September 1985, 90: 1681. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B. ISSN 0004-6256. doi:10.1086/113874(英语).
harvard.edu
ui.adsabs.harvard.edu
Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II - A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. V - Luminosity functions of Virgo Cluster galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. September 1985, 90: 1681. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B. ISSN 0004-6256. doi:10.1086/113874(英语).
spacetelescope.org
A dusty spiral in Virgo. www.spacetelescope.org. ESA/Hubble. [15 October 2014]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-17).
Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II - A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area. V - Luminosity functions of Virgo Cluster galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. September 1985, 90: 1681. Bibcode:1985AJ.....90.1681B. ISSN 0004-6256. doi:10.1086/113874(英语).