三角座星系 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "三角座星系" in Chinese language version.

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33harvard.edu

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archive.org

O'Meara, S. J. The Messier Objects. Cambridge: Cambridge University. 1998. ISBN 978-0-521-55332-2.
Mullaney, James. The Herschel objects and how to observe them. Astronomers' Observing Guides (Springer). 2007: 16–17. Bibcode:2007hoho.book.....M. ISBN 978-0-387-68124-5.
Karachentsev, I. D.; Karachentseva, V. E.; Hutchmeier, W. K.; Makarov, D. I. A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 2004, 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905 .
Buta, Ronald James; Corwin, Harold G.; Odewahn, Stephen C. The de Vaucouleurs atlas of galaxies. Cambridge University Press. 2007: 1–16, 88. ISBN 978-0-521-82048-6.

archive.today

NASA Spitzer Telescope Reveals Pinwheel Galaxy's Hidden Wonders. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-12）.

arxiv.org

Magrini, Laura; Stanghellini, Letizia; Villaver, Eva. The Planetary Nebula Population of M33 and its Metallicity Gradient: A Look Into the Galaxy's Distant Past. The Astrophysical Journal. May 2009, 696 (1): 729–740. Bibcode:2009ApJ...696..729M. arXiv:0901.2273 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/729.
Corbelli, Edvige. Dark matter and visible baryons in M33. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. June 2003, 342 (1): 199–207. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.342..199C. arXiv:astro-ph/0302318 . doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06531.x.
Brunthaler, Andreas; Reid, Mark J.; Falcke, Heino; Greenhill, Lincoln J.; et al. The Geometric Distance and Proper Motion of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Science. 2005, 307 (5714): 1440–1443. Bibcode:2005Sci...307.1440B. PMID 15746420. arXiv:astro-ph/0503058 . doi:10.1126/science.1108342.
McConnachie, A. W.; Irwin, M. J.; Ferguson, A. M. N.; Ibata, R. A.; et al. Determining the location of the tip of the red giant branch in old stellar populations: M33, Andromeda I and II. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. May 2004, 350 (1): 250. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.350..243M. arXiv:astro-ph/0401453 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07637.x.
Zhang, J. S.; Henkel, C.; Guo, Q.; Wang, H. G.; et al. On the Nuclear Obscuration of H₂O Maser Galaxy. Astrophysical Journal. 2010, 708 (2): 1528–1536. Bibcode:2010ApJ...708.1528Z. arXiv:0912.2159 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1528.
Pawlowski, Marcel S.; Kroupa, Pavel; Jerjen, Helmut. Dwarf galaxy planes: the discovery of symmetric structures in the Local Group. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2013, 435 (3): 1928–1957. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.435.1928P. arXiv:1307.6210 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1384.
Miller, Bryan W.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Lee, Myung Gyoon; Kim, Sang Chul; et al. The Star Formation History of LGS 3. The Astrophysical Journal. December 2001, 562 (2): 713–726. Bibcode:2001ApJ...562..713M. arXiv:astro-ph/0108408 . doi:10.1086/323853.
Heyer, Mark H.; Corbelli, Edvige; Schneider, Stephen E.; Young, Judith S. The Molecular Gas Distribution and Schmidt Law in M33. The Astrophysical Journal. February 2004, 602 (2): 723–729. Bibcode:2004ApJ...602..723H. arXiv:astro-ph/0311226 . doi:10.1086/381196.
Verley, S.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C.; Hunt, L. K. Star formation in M 33: multiwavelength signatures across the disk. Astronomy and Astrophysics. January 2009, 493 (2): 453–466. Bibcode:2009A&A...493..453V. arXiv:0810.0473 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810566.
Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. The metallicity gradient as a tracer of history and structure: the Magellanic Clouds and M33 galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. November 2009, 506 (3): 1137–1146. Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1137C. arXiv:0904.3136 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912138.
Zloczewski, K.; Kaluzny, J.; Hartman, J. Photometric Survey for Stellar Clusters in the Outer Part of M33. Acta Astronomica. March 2008, 58: 23–39. Bibcode:2008AcA....58...23Z. arXiv:0805.4230 .
Dubus, G.; Charles, P. A.; Long, K. S. High resolution Chandra X-ray imaging of the nucleus of M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. October 2004, 425 (1): 95–98. Bibcode:2004A&A...425...95D. arXiv:astro-ph/0406310 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041253.
Merritt, David; Ferrarese, Laura; Joseph, Charles L. No Supermassive Black Hole in M33?. Science. 2001-08-10, 293 (5532): 1116–1118. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1116M. PMID 11463879. arXiv:astro-ph/0107359 . doi:10.1126/science.1063896.
Williams, Benjamin F.; Dalcanton, Julianne J.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Holtzman, Jon; et al. The Detection of Inside-Out Disk Growth in M33. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. April 2009, 695 (1): L15–L19. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695L..15W. arXiv:0902.3460 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/L15.
Verley, S.; Hunt, L. K.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C. Star formation in M 33: Spitzer photometry of discrete sources. Astronomy and Astrophysics. December 2007, 476 (3): 1161–1178. Bibcode:2007A&A...476.1161V. arXiv:0709.2601 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078179.
Keel, William C.; Holberg, Jay B.; Treuthardt, Patrick M. Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-forming Regions in Nearby Galaxies: Stellar Populations and Abundance Indicators. The Astronomical Journal. July 2004, 128 (1): 211–223. Bibcode:2004AJ....128..211K. arXiv:astro-ph/0403499 . doi:10.1086/421367.
Corbelli, E.; Verley, S.; Elmegreen, B. G.; Giovanardi, C. The cluster birthline in M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. February 2009, 495 (2): 479–490. Bibcode:2009A&A...495..479C. arXiv:0901.1530 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811086.
Plucinsky, Paul P.; Williams, Benjamin; Long; Gaetz; et al. Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): A First Look. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. February 2008, 174 (2): 366–378. Bibcode:2008ApJS..174..366P. arXiv:0709.4211 . doi:10.1086/522942.
Grebel, E. K. The Star Formation History of the Local Group. F. Favata; A. Kaas; A. Wilson (编). Proceedings of the 33rd ESLAB symposium on star formation from the small to the large scale. Noordwijk, The Netherlands. November 2–5, 1999. Bibcode:2000ESASP.445...87G. arXiv:astro-ph/0005296 .
Abubekerov, M. K.; Antokhina, E. A.; Bogomazov, A. I.; Cherepashchuk, A. M. The mass of the black hole in the X-ray binary M33 X-7 and the evolutionary status of M33 X-7 and IC 10 X-1. Astronomy Reports. March 2009, 53 (3): 232–242. Bibcode:2009ARep...53..232A. arXiv:0906.3429 . doi:10.1134/S1063772909030056.
Davidge, T. J.; McConnachie, A. W.; Fardal, M. A.; Fliri, J.; et al. The Recent Stellar Archeology of M31 – The Nearest Red Disk Galaxy. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012, 751 (1): 74. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751...74D. arXiv:1203.6081 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/1/74.
Bekki K. Formation of a giant HI bridge between M31 and M33 from their tidal interaction. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. October 2008, 390 (1): L24–L28. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.390L..24B. arXiv:0807.1161 . doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00528.x.
Putman, M. E.; et al. The Disruption and Fueling of M33. The Astrophysical Journal. October 2009, 703 (2): 1486–1501. Bibcode:2009ApJ...703.1486P. arXiv:0812.3093 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1486.
van der Marel, Roeland P.; et al. The M31 Velocity Vector. III. Future Milky Way-M31-M33 Orbital Evolution, Merging, and Fate of the Sun. The Astrophysical Journal. July 2012, 753 (1): 9. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753....9V. arXiv:1205.6865 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/1/9.
van der Marel, Roeland P.; et al. First Gaia Dynamics of the Andromeda System: DR2 Proper Motions, Orbits, and Rotation of M31 and M33. The Astrophysical Journal. 2019-02-07, 872 (1): 24. arXiv:1805.04079 . doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab001b.

astronomy-mall.com

Wilson, Barbara; Mitchell, Larry. The Revised AINTNO 100. Astronomy-Mall. [2010-02-11]. （原始内容存档于2010-01-05）.

caltech.edu

nedipac.caltech.edu

Results for NGC 598. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. NASA/IPAC/JPL. [2006-12-01]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-14）.

ned.ipac.caltech.edu

存档副本. [2017-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-12）.

clell.de

maa.clell.de

Skiff, Brian. Messier 81 naked-eye. sci.astro.amateur. 1997-01-10 [2010-02-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-01）.

doi.org

Bonanos, A. Z.; Stanek, K. Z.; Kudritzki; Macri; et al. The First DIRECT Distance to a Detached Eclipsing Binary in M33. Astrophysics and Space Science. 2006, 304 (1–4): 207–209. Bibcode:2006Ap&SS.304..207B. doi:10.1007/s10509-006-9112-1.
Magrini, Laura; Stanghellini, Letizia; Villaver, Eva. The Planetary Nebula Population of M33 and its Metallicity Gradient: A Look Into the Galaxy's Distant Past. The Astrophysical Journal. May 2009, 696 (1): 729–740. Bibcode:2009ApJ...696..729M. arXiv:0901.2273 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/729.
Corbelli, Edvige. Dark matter and visible baryons in M33. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. June 2003, 342 (1): 199–207. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.342..199C. arXiv:astro-ph/0302318 . doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06531.x.
Brunthaler, Andreas; Reid, Mark J.; Falcke, Heino; Greenhill, Lincoln J.; et al. The Geometric Distance and Proper Motion of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Science. 2005, 307 (5714): 1440–1443. Bibcode:2005Sci...307.1440B. PMID 15746420. arXiv:astro-ph/0503058 . doi:10.1126/science.1108342.
Fodera-Serio, G.; Indorato, L.; Nastasi, P. Hodierna's Observations of Nebulae and his Cosmology. Journal for the History of Astronomy. February 1985, 16 (1): 1–36. Bibcode:1985JHA....16....1F. doi:10.1177/002182868501600101.
Karachentsev, I. D.; Karachentseva, V. E.; Hutchmeier, W. K.; Makarov, D. I. A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 2004, 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905 .
Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G. Masses of the local group and of the M81 group estimated from distortions in the local velocity field. Astrophysics. 2006, 49 (1): 3–18. Bibcode:2006Ap.....49....3K. doi:10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6.
McConnachie, A. W.; Irwin, M. J.; Ferguson, A. M. N.; Ibata, R. A.; et al. Determining the location of the tip of the red giant branch in old stellar populations: M33, Andromeda I and II. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. May 2004, 350 (1): 250. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.350..243M. arXiv:astro-ph/0401453 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07637.x.
Zhang, J. S.; Henkel, C.; Guo, Q.; Wang, H. G.; et al. On the Nuclear Obscuration of H₂O Maser Galaxy. Astrophysical Journal. 2010, 708 (2): 1528–1536. Bibcode:2010ApJ...708.1528Z. arXiv:0912.2159 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1528.
Pawlowski, Marcel S.; Kroupa, Pavel; Jerjen, Helmut. Dwarf galaxy planes: the discovery of symmetric structures in the Local Group. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2013, 435 (3): 1928–1957. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.435.1928P. arXiv:1307.6210 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1384.
Miller, Bryan W.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Lee, Myung Gyoon; Kim, Sang Chul; et al. The Star Formation History of LGS 3. The Astrophysical Journal. December 2001, 562 (2): 713–726. Bibcode:2001ApJ...562..713M. arXiv:astro-ph/0108408 . doi:10.1086/323853.
Heyer, Mark H.; Corbelli, Edvige; Schneider, Stephen E.; Young, Judith S. The Molecular Gas Distribution and Schmidt Law in M33. The Astrophysical Journal. February 2004, 602 (2): 723–729. Bibcode:2004ApJ...602..723H. arXiv:astro-ph/0311226 . doi:10.1086/381196.
Verley, S.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C.; Hunt, L. K. Star formation in M 33: multiwavelength signatures across the disk. Astronomy and Astrophysics. January 2009, 493 (2): 453–466. Bibcode:2009A&A...493..453V. arXiv:0810.0473 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810566.
Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. The metallicity gradient as a tracer of history and structure: the Magellanic Clouds and M33 galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. November 2009, 506 (3): 1137–1146. Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1137C. arXiv:0904.3136 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912138.
Dubus, G.; Charles, P. A.; Long, K. S. High resolution Chandra X-ray imaging of the nucleus of M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. October 2004, 425 (1): 95–98. Bibcode:2004A&A...425...95D. arXiv:astro-ph/0406310 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041253.
Merritt, David; Ferrarese, Laura; Joseph, Charles L. No Supermassive Black Hole in M33?. Science. 2001-08-10, 293 (5532): 1116–1118. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1116M. PMID 11463879. arXiv:astro-ph/0107359 . doi:10.1126/science.1063896.
Williams, Benjamin F.; Dalcanton, Julianne J.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Holtzman, Jon; et al. The Detection of Inside-Out Disk Growth in M33. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. April 2009, 695 (1): L15–L19. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695L..15W. arXiv:0902.3460 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/L15.
Verley, S.; Hunt, L. K.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C. Star formation in M 33: Spitzer photometry of discrete sources. Astronomy and Astrophysics. December 2007, 476 (3): 1161–1178. Bibcode:2007A&A...476.1161V. arXiv:0709.2601 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078179.
Keel, William C.; Holberg, Jay B.; Treuthardt, Patrick M. Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-forming Regions in Nearby Galaxies: Stellar Populations and Abundance Indicators. The Astronomical Journal. July 2004, 128 (1): 211–223. Bibcode:2004AJ....128..211K. arXiv:astro-ph/0403499 . doi:10.1086/421367.
Corbelli, E.; Verley, S.; Elmegreen, B. G.; Giovanardi, C. The cluster birthline in M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. February 2009, 495 (2): 479–490. Bibcode:2009A&A...495..479C. arXiv:0901.1530 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811086.
Tammann, G. A.; Loeffler, W.; Schroeder, A. The Galactic supernova rate. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. June 1994, 92 (2): 487–493. Bibcode:1994ApJS...92..487T. doi:10.1086/192002.
Plucinsky, Paul P.; Williams, Benjamin; Long; Gaetz; et al. Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): A First Look. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. February 2008, 174 (2): 366–378. Bibcode:2008ApJS..174..366P. arXiv:0709.4211 . doi:10.1086/522942.
Abubekerov, M. K.; Antokhina, E. A.; Bogomazov, A. I.; Cherepashchuk, A. M. The mass of the black hole in the X-ray binary M33 X-7 and the evolutionary status of M33 X-7 and IC 10 X-1. Astronomy Reports. March 2009, 53 (3): 232–242. Bibcode:2009ARep...53..232A. arXiv:0906.3429 . doi:10.1134/S1063772909030056.
Davidge, T. J.; McConnachie, A. W.; Fardal, M. A.; Fliri, J.; et al. The Recent Stellar Archeology of M31 – The Nearest Red Disk Galaxy. The Astrophysical Journal. 2012, 751 (1): 74. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751...74D. arXiv:1203.6081 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/1/74.
Bekki K. Formation of a giant HI bridge between M31 and M33 from their tidal interaction. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters. October 2008, 390 (1): L24–L28. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.390L..24B. arXiv:0807.1161 . doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00528.x.
Putman, M. E.; et al. The Disruption and Fueling of M33. The Astrophysical Journal. October 2009, 703 (2): 1486–1501. Bibcode:2009ApJ...703.1486P. arXiv:0812.3093 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1486.
van der Marel, Roeland P.; et al. The M31 Velocity Vector. III. Future Milky Way-M31-M33 Orbital Evolution, Merging, and Fate of the Sun. The Astrophysical Journal. July 2012, 753 (1): 9. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753....9V. arXiv:1205.6865 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/1/9.
van der Marel, Roeland P.; et al. First Gaia Dynamics of the Andromeda System: DR2 Proper Motions, Orbits, and Rotation of M31 and M33. The Astrophysical Journal. 2019-02-07, 872 (1): 24. arXiv:1805.04079 . doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab001b.

eso.org

Triangulum Galaxy Snapped by VST. ESO Press Release. [2014-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-06）.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Bonanos, A. Z.; Stanek, K. Z.; Kudritzki; Macri; et al. The First DIRECT Distance to a Detached Eclipsing Binary in M33. Astrophysics and Space Science. 2006, 304 (1–4): 207–209. Bibcode:2006Ap&SS.304..207B. doi:10.1007/s10509-006-9112-1.
Magrini, Laura; Stanghellini, Letizia; Villaver, Eva. The Planetary Nebula Population of M33 and its Metallicity Gradient: A Look Into the Galaxy's Distant Past. The Astrophysical Journal. May 2009, 696 (1): 729–740. Bibcode:2009ApJ...696..729M. arXiv:0901.2273 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/729.
Corbelli, Edvige. Dark matter and visible baryons in M33. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. June 2003, 342 (1): 199–207. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.342..199C. arXiv:astro-ph/0302318 . doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06531.x.
Brunthaler, Andreas; Reid, Mark J.; Falcke, Heino; Greenhill, Lincoln J.; et al. The Geometric Distance and Proper Motion of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Science. 2005, 307 (5714): 1440–1443. Bibcode:2005Sci...307.1440B. PMID 15746420. arXiv:astro-ph/0503058 . doi:10.1126/science.1108342.
Fodera-Serio, G.; Indorato, L.; Nastasi, P. Hodierna's Observations of Nebulae and his Cosmology. Journal for the History of Astronomy. February 1985, 16 (1): 1–36. Bibcode:1985JHA....16....1F. doi:10.1177/002182868501600101.
Mullaney, James. The Herschel objects and how to observe them. Astronomers' Observing Guides (Springer). 2007: 16–17. Bibcode:2007hoho.book.....M. ISBN 978-0-387-68124-5.
Karachentsev, I. D.; Karachentseva, V. E.; Hutchmeier, W. K.; Makarov, D. I. A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 2004, 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905 .
Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G. Masses of the local group and of the M81 group estimated from distortions in the local velocity field. Astrophysics. 2006, 49 (1): 3–18. Bibcode:2006Ap.....49....3K. doi:10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6.
McConnachie, A. W.; Irwin, M. J.; Ferguson, A. M. N.; Ibata, R. A.; et al. Determining the location of the tip of the red giant branch in old stellar populations: M33, Andromeda I and II. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. May 2004, 350 (1): 250. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.350..243M. arXiv:astro-ph/0401453 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07637.x.
Zhang, J. S.; Henkel, C.; Guo, Q.; Wang, H. G.; et al. On the Nuclear Obscuration of H₂O Maser Galaxy. Astrophysical Journal. 2010, 708 (2): 1528–1536. Bibcode:2010ApJ...708.1528Z. arXiv:0912.2159 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/708/2/1528.
Pawlowski, Marcel S.; Kroupa, Pavel; Jerjen, Helmut. Dwarf galaxy planes: the discovery of symmetric structures in the Local Group. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2013, 435 (3): 1928–1957. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.435.1928P. arXiv:1307.6210 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1384.
Miller, Bryan W.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Lee, Myung Gyoon; Kim, Sang Chul; et al. The Star Formation History of LGS 3. The Astrophysical Journal. December 2001, 562 (2): 713–726. Bibcode:2001ApJ...562..713M. arXiv:astro-ph/0108408 . doi:10.1086/323853.
Heyer, Mark H.; Corbelli, Edvige; Schneider, Stephen E.; Young, Judith S. The Molecular Gas Distribution and Schmidt Law in M33. The Astrophysical Journal. February 2004, 602 (2): 723–729. Bibcode:2004ApJ...602..723H. arXiv:astro-ph/0311226 . doi:10.1086/381196.
Verley, S.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C.; Hunt, L. K. Star formation in M 33: multiwavelength signatures across the disk. Astronomy and Astrophysics. January 2009, 493 (2): 453–466. Bibcode:2009A&A...493..453V. arXiv:0810.0473 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810566.
Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. The metallicity gradient as a tracer of history and structure: the Magellanic Clouds and M33 galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. November 2009, 506 (3): 1137–1146. Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1137C. arXiv:0904.3136 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912138.
Zloczewski, K.; Kaluzny, J.; Hartman, J. Photometric Survey for Stellar Clusters in the Outer Part of M33. Acta Astronomica. March 2008, 58: 23–39. Bibcode:2008AcA....58...23Z. arXiv:0805.4230 .
Hernández-López, I.; Athanassoula, E.; Mújica, R.; Bosma, A. M33: The existence of a bar. A Long Walk Through Astronomy: A Celebration of Luis Carrasco's 60th Birthday, Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica (Serie de Conferencias) 37: 160–162. November 2009. Bibcode:2009RMxAC..37..160H.
Dubus, G.; Charles, P. A.; Long, K. S. High resolution Chandra X-ray imaging of the nucleus of M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. October 2004, 425 (1): 95–98. Bibcode:2004A&A...425...95D. arXiv:astro-ph/0406310 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041253.
Merritt, David; Ferrarese, Laura; Joseph, Charles L. No Supermassive Black Hole in M33?. Science. 2001-08-10, 293 (5532): 1116–1118. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1116M. PMID 11463879. arXiv:astro-ph/0107359 . doi:10.1126/science.1063896.
Buczilowski, U. R. A multifrequency radio continuum survey of M33. II – Thermal and non-thermal emission. Astronomy and Astrophysics. October 1988, 205 (1–2): 29–40. Bibcode:1988A&A...205...29B.
Williams, Benjamin F.; Dalcanton, Julianne J.; Dolphin, Andrew E.; Holtzman, Jon; et al. The Detection of Inside-Out Disk Growth in M33. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. April 2009, 695 (1): L15–L19. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695L..15W. arXiv:0902.3460 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/L15.
Verley, S.; Hunt, L. K.; Corbelli, E.; Giovanardi, C. Star formation in M 33: Spitzer photometry of discrete sources. Astronomy and Astrophysics. December 2007, 476 (3): 1161–1178. Bibcode:2007A&A...476.1161V. arXiv:0709.2601 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078179.
Keel, William C.; Holberg, Jay B.; Treuthardt, Patrick M. Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of Star-forming Regions in Nearby Galaxies: Stellar Populations and Abundance Indicators. The Astronomical Journal. July 2004, 128 (1): 211–223. Bibcode:2004AJ....128..211K. arXiv:astro-ph/0403499 . doi:10.1086/421367.
Corbelli, E.; Verley, S.; Elmegreen, B. G.; Giovanardi, C. The cluster birthline in M 33. Astronomy and Astrophysics. February 2009, 495 (2): 479–490. Bibcode:2009A&A...495..479C. arXiv:0901.1530 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811086.
Tammann, G. A.; Loeffler, W.; Schroeder, A. The Galactic supernova rate. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. June 1994, 92 (2): 487–493. Bibcode:1994ApJS...92..487T. doi:10.1086/192002.
Plucinsky, Paul P.; Williams, Benjamin; Long; Gaetz; et al. Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): A First Look. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. February 2008, 174 (2): 366–378. Bibcode:2008ApJS..174..366P. arXiv:0709.4211 . doi:10.1086/522942.
Grebel, E. K. The Star Formation History of the Local Group. F. Favata; A. Kaas; A. Wilson (编). Proceedings of the 33rd ESLAB symposium on star formation from the small to the large scale. Noordwijk, The Netherlands. November 2–5, 1999. Bibcode:2000ESASP.445...87G. arXiv:astro-ph/0005296 .
Abubekerov, M. K.; Antokhina, E. A.; Bogomazov, A. I.; Cherepashchuk, A. M. The mass of the black hole in the X-ray binary M33 X-7 and the evolutionary status of M33 X-7 and IC 10 X-1. Astronomy Reports. March 2009, 53 (3): 232–242. Bibcode:2009ARep...53..232A. arXiv:0906.3429 . doi:10.1134/S1063772909030056.
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chandra.harvard.edu

Morcone, Jennifer. Heaviest Stellar Black Hole Discovered in Nearby Galaxy. Chandra X-ray Observatory press release. 2007-10-17 [2010-02-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-03）.

nasa.gov

The following source lists it as the most distant object:
Naeye, Robert. A Stellar Explosion You Could See on Earth!. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. 2008-03-21 [2010-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-13）.
However, the more distant galaxy Messier 81 has also been sighted with the naked eye:
Christensen, Lars Lindberg; Zezas, Andreas; Noll, Keith; Villard, Ray. Hubble photographs grand spiral galaxy Messier 81. ESA. 2007-05-28 [2010-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-28）.

newscientist.com

Milky Way's twin caught dismembering neighbour. New Scientist. New Scientist. [2012-07-31]. （原始内容存档于2012-02-17）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Brunthaler, Andreas; Reid, Mark J.; Falcke, Heino; Greenhill, Lincoln J.; et al. The Geometric Distance and Proper Motion of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Science. 2005, 307 (5714): 1440–1443. Bibcode:2005Sci...307.1440B. PMID 15746420. arXiv:astro-ph/0503058 . doi:10.1126/science.1108342.
Merritt, David; Ferrarese, Laura; Joseph, Charles L. No Supermassive Black Hole in M33?. Science. 2001-08-10, 293 (5532): 1116–1118. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1116M. PMID 11463879. arXiv:astro-ph/0107359 . doi:10.1126/science.1063896.

nrao.edu

Finley, Dave. Neighbor galaxies may have brushed closely, astronomers find. National Radio Astronomy Observatory. 2012-06-11 [2012-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-15）.

numericana.com

Michon, Gerard P. Sizing up the Universe - Stars, Sand and Nucleons. [2010-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-11）.

seds.org

messier.seds.org

Messier Object 101. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-16）.

skyandtelescope.com

Bortle, John E. The Bortle Dark-Sky Scale. February 2001 [2010-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-23）.

spaceref.com

NASA Spitzer Telescope Reveals Pinwheel Galaxy's Hidden Wonders. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-12）.

spacetelescope.org

The following source lists it as the most distant object:
Naeye, Robert. A Stellar Explosion You Could See on Earth!. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. 2008-03-21 [2010-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-13）.
However, the more distant galaxy Messier 81 has also been sighted with the naked eye:
Christensen, Lars Lindberg; Zezas, Andreas; Noll, Keith; Villard, Ray. Hubble photographs grand spiral galaxy Messier 81. ESA. 2007-05-28 [2010-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-28）.

supernovae.net

David Bishop. Extragalactic Novae. supernovae.net (International Supernovae Network). [2010-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2010-04-08）.

u-strasbg.fr

simbad.u-strasbg.fr

M 33 – Galaxy. SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. [2009-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-02）.
SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Results for Messier 101. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-30）.
Best of AOP: M101: Pinwheel Galaxy. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-30）.

web.archive.org

M 33 – Galaxy. SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. [2009-11-28]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-02）.
Results for NGC 598. NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. NASA/IPAC/JPL. [2006-12-01]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-14）.
Michon, Gerard P. Sizing up the Universe - Stars, Sand and Nucleons. [2010-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-11）.
SIMBAD Astronomical Database. Results for Messier 101. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-30）.
Messier Object 101. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-16）.
Best of AOP: M101: Pinwheel Galaxy. [2007-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-30）.
Bortle, John E. The Bortle Dark-Sky Scale. February 2001 [2010-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-23）.
The following source lists it as the most distant object:
Naeye, Robert. A Stellar Explosion You Could See on Earth!. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. 2008-03-21 [2010-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-13）.
However, the more distant galaxy Messier 81 has also been sighted with the naked eye:
Christensen, Lars Lindberg; Zezas, Andreas; Noll, Keith; Villard, Ray. Hubble photographs grand spiral galaxy Messier 81. ESA. 2007-05-28 [2010-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-28）.
Skiff, Brian. Messier 81 naked-eye. sci.astro.amateur. 1997-01-10 [2010-02-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-01）.
Wilson, Barbara; Mitchell, Larry. The Revised AINTNO 100. Astronomy-Mall. [2010-02-11]. （原始内容存档于2010-01-05）.
Triangulum Galaxy Snapped by VST. ESO Press Release. [2014-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-06）.
存档副本. [2017-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-12）.
Finley, Dave. Neighbor galaxies may have brushed closely, astronomers find. National Radio Astronomy Observatory. 2012-06-11 [2012-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-15）.
David Bishop. Extragalactic Novae. supernovae.net (International Supernovae Network). [2010-09-11]. （原始内容存档于2010-04-08）.
Morcone, Jennifer. Heaviest Stellar Black Hole Discovered in Nearby Galaxy. Chandra X-ray Observatory press release. 2007-10-17 [2010-02-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-03）.
Milky Way's twin caught dismembering neighbour. New Scientist. New Scientist. [2012-07-31]. （原始内容存档于2012-02-17）.

webcitation.org

The following source lists it as the most distant object:
Naeye, Robert. A Stellar Explosion You Could See on Earth!. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. 2008-03-21 [2010-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-13）.
However, the more distant galaxy Messier 81 has also been sighted with the naked eye:
Christensen, Lars Lindberg; Zezas, Andreas; Noll, Keith; Villard, Ray. Hubble photographs grand spiral galaxy Messier 81. ESA. 2007-05-28 [2010-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-28）.