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哌甲酯 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "哌甲酯" in Chinese language version.

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41web.archive.org
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41nih.gov
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20doi.org
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2novartis.com
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1pharmaceutical-journal.com
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1utah.edu
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1books.google.com
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1neuropsychiatryreviews.com
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1medscape.org
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1semanticscholar.org
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1sulzerlab.org
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1hindawi.com
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1medportica.com
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1archive.today
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1janssenmd.com
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1psychiatry.org
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1medlineplus.gov
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1concerta.net
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apotex.com

archive.org

archive.today

bbc.com

books.google.com

concerta.net

doi.org

dx.doi.org

drugs.com

fda.gov.tw

hindawi.com

downloads.hindawi.com

hnysfww.com

hta.ac.uk

janssenmd.com

jxyongfeng.gov.cn

medicines.org.uk

medlineplus.gov

  • Medical Encyclopedia → Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. MedlinePlus.gov. 2017-01-05 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-26）. Medicine combined with behavioral treatment often works best. Different ADHD medicines can be used alone or combined with each other. The doctor will decide which medicine is right, based on the person's symptoms and needs. 

medportica.com

medscape.org

  • Functional Roles of Norepinephrine and Dopamine in ADHD: Dopamine in ADHD. Medscape. 2006 [2013-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-08）. Catecholamines not only facilitate attention, they are essential to executive function. The prefrontal cortex directs behaviors, thoughts, and feelings represented in working memory. This representational knowledge is essential to fundamental cognitive abilities that compromise executive functions. These encompass the ability to (1) inhibit inappropriate behaviors and thoughts, (2) regulate our attention, (3) monitor our actions, and (4) plan and organize for the future. Difficulties with these prefrontal cortex functions are evident in neuropsychological and imaging studies of ADHD patients and account for many of the common behavioral symptoms. Measures of prefrontal cortical functioning in animals indicate that these functions are sensitive to small changes in catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortex cells that can produce profound effects on the ability of the prefrontal cortex to guide behavior. Optimal levels of NE acting at postsynaptic alpha2A-adrenoceptors and dopamine acting at D1 receptors are essential to prefrontal cortex function. Blockade of norepinephrine alpha2-adrenoceptors in prefrontal cortex markedly impairs prefrontal cortex function and mimics most of the symptoms of ADHD, including impulsivity and locomotor hyperactivity. Conversely, stimulation of prefrontal cortical alpha2-adrenoceptors strengthens prefrontal cortex regulation of behavior and reduces distractibility. Thus, effective treatments for ADHD facilitate catecholamine transmission and apparently have their therapeutic actions by optimizing catecholamine actions in the prefrontal cortex 

mohw.gov.tw

neuropsychiatryreviews.com

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

dailymed.nlm.nih.gov

  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Methylphenidate hydrochloride USP is a white, odorless, fine crystalline powder. Its solutions are acid to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and in methanol, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in chloroform and in acetone. Its molecular weight is 269.77. 
  • Label of Strattera consisting of atomoxetine. DailyMed.gov (Leaflet/label (Tertiary source)). Eli Lilly Company. June 2015 [February 2017]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-07）. 7.7 Methylphenidate\ Coadministration of methylphenidate with STRATTERA did not increase cardiovascular effects beyond those seen with methylphenidate alone. 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. 
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Dosing Recommendations：Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patients.） 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Ritalin hydrochloride, methylphenidate hydrochloride USP, is a mild central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, available as tablets of 5, 10, and 20 mg for oral administration; 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Adults Tablets: Administer in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, preferably 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Average dosage is 20 to 30 mg daily. Some patients may require 40 to 60 mg daily. In others, 10 to 15 mg daily will be adequate. Patients who are unable to sleep if medication is taken late in the day should take the last dose before 6 p.m. SR Tablets: Ritalin-SR tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, Ritalin-SR tablets may be used in place of Ritalin tablets when the 8-hour dosage of Ritalin-SR corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of Ritalin. Ritalin-SR tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.  参数|quote=值左起第85位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Children (6 years and over) Ritalin should be initiated in small doses, with gradual weekly increments. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. If improvement is not observed after appropriate dosage adjustment over a 1-month period, the drug should be discontinued. Tablets: Start with 5 mg twice daily (before breakfast and lunch) with gradual increments of 5 to 10 mg weekly. SR Tablets: Ritalin-SR tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, Ritalin-SR tablets may be used in place of Ritalin tablets when the 8-hour dosage of Ritalin-SR corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of Ritalin. Ritalin-SR tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.  参数|quote=值左起第85位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Ritalin LA® (methylphenidate hydrochloride) extended-release capsules is an extended-release formulation of methylphenidate with a bi-modal release profile. Ritalin LA uses the proprietary SODAS® (Spheroidal Oral Drug Absorption System) technology. Each bead-filled Ritalin LA capsule contains half the dose as immediate-release beads and half as enteric-coated, delayed-release beads, thus providing an immediate release of methylphenidate and a second delayed release of methylphenidate. Ritalin LA 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 mg capsules provide in a single dose the same amount of methylphenidate as dosages of 5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 mg of Ritalin tablets given b.i.d.）  参数|quote=值左起第75位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Initial Treatment The recommended starting dose of Ritalin LA is 20 mg once daily. Dosage may be adjusted in weekly 10 mg increments to a maximum of 60 mg/day taken once daily in the morning, depending on tolerability and degree of efficacy observed. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. When in the judgement of the clinician a lower initial dose is appropriate, patients may begin treatment with Ritalin LA 10 mg.）  参数|quote=值左起第18位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Initial Treatment The recommended starting dose of Ritalin LA is 20 mg once daily. Dosage may be adjusted in weekly 10 mg increments to a maximum of 60 mg/day taken once daily in the morning, depending on tolerability and degree of efficacy observed. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. When in the judgement of the clinician a lower initial dose is appropriate, patients may begin treatment with Ritalin LA 10 mg.）  参数|quote=值左起第18位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE \ CONCERTA® is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children 6 years of age and older, adolescents, and adults up to the age of 65 [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14)]. A diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; DSM-IV) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before age 7 years. The symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment, e.g., in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and be present in two or more settings, e.g., school (or work) and at home. The symptoms must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder. For the Inattentive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: lack of attention to details/careless mistakes; lack of sustained attention; poor listener; failure to follow through on tasks; poor organization; avoids tasks requiring sustained mental effort; loses things; easily distracted; forgetful. For the Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: fidgeting/squirming; leaving seat; inappropriate running/climbing; difficulty with quiet activities; "on the go;" excessive talking; blurting answers; can't wait turn; intrusive. The Combined Type requires both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive criteria to be met.  参数|quote=值左起第27位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 14.2 Adolescents In a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial (Study 4) involving 177 patients, CONCERTA® was demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of ADHD in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years at doses up to 72 mg/day (1.4 mg/kg/day). Of 220 patients who entered an open 4-week titration phase, 177 were titrated to an individualized dose (maximum of 72 mg/day) based on meeting specific improvement criteria on the ADHD Rating Scale and the Global Assessment of Effectiveness with acceptable tolerability. Patients who met these criteria were then randomized to receive either their individualized dose of CONCERTA® (18 – 72 mg/day, n=87) or placebo (n=90) during a two-week double-blind phase. At the end of this phase, mean scores for the investigator rating on the ADHD Rating Scale demonstrated that CONCERTA® was statistically significantly superior to placebo.  参数|quote=值左起第17位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 14.2 Adolescents 14.3 Adults Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted in 627 adults aged 18 to 65 years. The controlled studies compared CONCERTA® administered once daily and placebo in a multicenter, parallel-group, 7-week dose-titration study (Study 5) (36 to 108 mg/day) and in a multicenter, parallel-group, 5-week, fixed-dose study (Study 6) (18, 36, and 72 mg/day). Study 5 demonstrated the effectiveness of CONCERTA® in the treatment of ADHD in adults aged 18 to 65 years at doses from 36 mg/day to 108 mg/day based on the change from baseline to final study visit on the Adult ADHD Investigator Rating Scale (AISRS). Of 226 patients who entered the 7-week trial, 110 were randomized to CONCERTA® and 116 were randomized to placebo. Treatment was initiated at 36 mg/day and patients continued with incremental increases of 18 mg/day (36 to 108 mg/day) based on meeting specific improvement criteria with acceptable tolerability. At the final study visit, mean change scores (LS Mean, SEM) for the investigator rating on the AISRS demonstrated that CONCERTA® was statistically significantly superior to placebo. Study 6 was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-response study (5-week duration) with 3 fixed-dose groups (18, 36, and 72 mg). Patients were randomized to receive CONCERTA® administered at doses of 18 mg (n=101), 36 mg (n=102), 72 mg/day (n=102), or placebo (n=96). All three doses of CONCERTA® were statistically significantly more effective than placebo in improving CAARS (Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale) total scores at double-blind end point in adult subjects with ADHD.  参数|quote=值左起第17位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2015 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Maintenance/Extended Treatment\There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long the patient with ADHD should be treated with Ritalin LA. It is generally agreed, however, that pharmacological treatment of ADHD may be needed for extended periods. Nevertheless, the physician who elects to use Ritalin LA for extended periods in patients with ADHD should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient with trials off medication to assess the patient’s functioning without pharmacotherapy. Improvement may be sustained when the drug is either temporarily or permanently discontinued.） 

novartis.com

pharma.us.novartis.com

pharmaceutical-journal.com

pharmnet.com.cn

news.pharmnet.com.cn

psychiatry.org

  • Parent's Medication Guide: ADHD. American Psychiatric Association (Guidelines (Tertiary source)). American Psychiatric Association & American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). July 2013 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-02）. Though not FDA-approved for combined treatment, atomoxetine (Strattera) is sometimes used in conjunction with stimulants as an off-label combination therapy. 

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

sulzerlab.org

utah.edu

learn.genetics.utah.edu

web.archive.org

  • Methylphenidate. Pubchem Compound. National Center for Biotechnology Information. （原始内容存档于2014-01-06） 使用|archiveurl=需要含有|url= (帮助).  |section-url=被忽略 (帮助); |section=被忽略 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Methylphenidate hydrochloride USP is a white, odorless, fine crystalline powder. Its solutions are acid to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and in methanol, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in chloroform and in acetone. Its molecular weight is 269.77. 
  • ADHD drug use 'up 50% in six years'. 2013-08-13 [2017-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-21） –通过www.bbc.com. 
  • Narcotics monitoring board reports 66% increase in global consumption of methylphenidate. [2017-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-21）. 
  • "Ritalin & Cocaine: The Connection and the Controversy" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Learn.genetics.utah.edu. Retrieved on 2011-10-16.
  • Mary Ann Boyd. Psychiatric nursing: contemporary practice. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2005: 160– [2011-04-30]. ISBN 978-0-7817-4916-9. （原始内容存档于2015-04-14）. 
  • Peter Doskoch. Why isn't methylphenidate more addictive?. NeuroPsychiatry Rev. 2002, 3 (1): 19 [2013-01-24]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-30）. 
  • Functional Roles of Norepinephrine and Dopamine in ADHD: Dopamine in ADHD. Medscape. 2006 [2013-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-08）. Catecholamines not only facilitate attention, they are essential to executive function. The prefrontal cortex directs behaviors, thoughts, and feelings represented in working memory. This representational knowledge is essential to fundamental cognitive abilities that compromise executive functions. These encompass the ability to (1) inhibit inappropriate behaviors and thoughts, (2) regulate our attention, (3) monitor our actions, and (4) plan and organize for the future. Difficulties with these prefrontal cortex functions are evident in neuropsychological and imaging studies of ADHD patients and account for many of the common behavioral symptoms. Measures of prefrontal cortical functioning in animals indicate that these functions are sensitive to small changes in catecholamine modulation of prefrontal cortex cells that can produce profound effects on the ability of the prefrontal cortex to guide behavior. Optimal levels of NE acting at postsynaptic alpha2A-adrenoceptors and dopamine acting at D1 receptors are essential to prefrontal cortex function. Blockade of norepinephrine alpha2-adrenoceptors in prefrontal cortex markedly impairs prefrontal cortex function and mimics most of the symptoms of ADHD, including impulsivity and locomotor hyperactivity. Conversely, stimulation of prefrontal cortical alpha2-adrenoceptors strengthens prefrontal cortex regulation of behavior and reduces distractibility. Thus, effective treatments for ADHD facilitate catecholamine transmission and apparently have their therapeutic actions by optimizing catecholamine actions in the prefrontal cortex 
  • Sulzer D, Sonders MS, Poulsen NW, Galli A. Mechanisms of neurotransmitter release by amphetamines: a review (PDF). Prog. Neurobiol. 2005, 75 (6): 406–33 [2013-01-21]. PMID 15955613. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.04.003. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-10-24）. 
  • Viggiano D, Vallone D, Sadile A. Dysfunctions in dopamine systems and ADHD: evidence from animals and modeling. Neural Plasticity. 2004, 11 (1–2): 102, 106–107. PMC 2565441 可免费查阅. PMID 15303308. doi:10.1155/NP.2004.97. Full-text [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  • Novartis: Focalin XR Overview （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  • Focalin XR – Full Prescribing Information （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Novartis.
  • SPC Concerta XL 18 mg – 36 mg prolonged release tablets （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） last updated on the eMC: 05/11/2010
  • T. J. Volz. Neuropharmacological Mechanisms Underlying the Neuroprotective Effects of Methylphenidate. Current Neuropharmacology. 2008 [2013-01-21]. PMC 2701286 可免费查阅. doi:10.2174/157015908787386041. （原始内容存档于2019-04-12）. 
  • – Ritalin Side Effects （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Drugs.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-16.
  • Concerta product monograph (PDF). Janssen Pharmaceuticals. [2016-12-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-01-28）. 
  • 中華民國衛生福利部/心理衛生專輯/03注意力不足過動症.pdf (PDF). http://www.mohw.gov.tw/. 中華民國衛生福利部. June 2015 [February 2017]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-02-19）. 一般發現其對於專注度的改善沒有 MPH 明顯 
  • 3, 注意力不足過動症 (PDF), 中華民國衛生福利部/心理衛生專輯 1 1, 中華民國衛生福利部/心理衛生專輯/03注意力不足過動症.pdf: 中華民國衛生福利部: 22, [June 2015] [2020-10-04], ISBN 9789860454154, （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-02-19） （中文（繁體））, atomoxetine，用在病情 較為複雜、或是無法忍受MPH副作用的患者，然而一般發現其對於專注度的改善沒有MPH明顯 
  • Parent's Medication Guide: ADHD. American Psychiatric Association (Guidelines (Tertiary source)). American Psychiatric Association & American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP). July 2013 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-02）. Though not FDA-approved for combined treatment, atomoxetine (Strattera) is sometimes used in conjunction with stimulants as an off-label combination therapy. 
  • Medical Encyclopedia → Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. MedlinePlus.gov. 2017-01-05 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-26）. Medicine combined with behavioral treatment often works best. Different ADHD medicines can be used alone or combined with each other. The doctor will decide which medicine is right, based on the person's symptoms and needs. 
  • Label of Strattera consisting of atomoxetine. DailyMed.gov (Leaflet/label (Tertiary source)). Eli Lilly Company. June 2015 [February 2017]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-07）. 7.7 Methylphenidate\ Coadministration of methylphenidate with STRATTERA did not increase cardiovascular effects beyond those seen with methylphenidate alone. 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. 
  • Label of Ritalin LA (PDF). Novartis.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-08-30）. 
  • Label of Concerta (PDF). concerta.net. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-01-17）. 
  • Apotex Incorporation., 安保美喜錠 10 毫克 衛署藥輸字第 025016 號, 鴻汶醫藥實業有限公司 (编), Information for the patient (PDF), Canada, 2006-03-27 [2017-03-19], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2009-11-22） 
  • 安保美喜錠 10 毫克 衛署藥輸字第 025016 號 (PDF), Canada: Apotex Incorporation., 2006-03-27 [2017-03-19], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2009-11-22） 
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Dosing Recommendations：Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patients.） 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Ritalin hydrochloride, methylphenidate hydrochloride USP, is a mild central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, available as tablets of 5, 10, and 20 mg for oral administration; 
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Adults Tablets: Administer in divided doses 2 or 3 times daily, preferably 30 to 45 minutes before meals. Average dosage is 20 to 30 mg daily. Some patients may require 40 to 60 mg daily. In others, 10 to 15 mg daily will be adequate. Patients who are unable to sleep if medication is taken late in the day should take the last dose before 6 p.m. SR Tablets: Ritalin-SR tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, Ritalin-SR tablets may be used in place of Ritalin tablets when the 8-hour dosage of Ritalin-SR corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of Ritalin. Ritalin-SR tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.  参数|quote=值左起第85位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2017-01-05 [March, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）. Dosage should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Children (6 years and over) Ritalin should be initiated in small doses, with gradual weekly increments. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. If improvement is not observed after appropriate dosage adjustment over a 1-month period, the drug should be discontinued. Tablets: Start with 5 mg twice daily (before breakfast and lunch) with gradual increments of 5 to 10 mg weekly. SR Tablets: Ritalin-SR tablets have a duration of action of approximately 8 hours. Therefore, Ritalin-SR tablets may be used in place of Ritalin tablets when the 8-hour dosage of Ritalin-SR corresponds to the titrated 8-hour dosage of Ritalin. Ritalin-SR tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.  参数|quote=值左起第85位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Methylphenidate hydrochloride is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Ritalin LA® (methylphenidate hydrochloride) extended-release capsules is an extended-release formulation of methylphenidate with a bi-modal release profile. Ritalin LA uses the proprietary SODAS® (Spheroidal Oral Drug Absorption System) technology. Each bead-filled Ritalin LA capsule contains half the dose as immediate-release beads and half as enteric-coated, delayed-release beads, thus providing an immediate release of methylphenidate and a second delayed release of methylphenidate. Ritalin LA 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 mg capsules provide in a single dose the same amount of methylphenidate as dosages of 5, 10, 15, 20, or 30 mg of Ritalin tablets given b.i.d.）  参数|quote=值左起第75位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Initial Treatment The recommended starting dose of Ritalin LA is 20 mg once daily. Dosage may be adjusted in weekly 10 mg increments to a maximum of 60 mg/day taken once daily in the morning, depending on tolerability and degree of efficacy observed. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. When in the judgement of the clinician a lower initial dose is appropriate, patients may begin treatment with Ritalin LA 10 mg.）  参数|quote=值左起第18位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. Mid 2015 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Initial Treatment The recommended starting dose of Ritalin LA is 20 mg once daily. Dosage may be adjusted in weekly 10 mg increments to a maximum of 60 mg/day taken once daily in the morning, depending on tolerability and degree of efficacy observed. Daily dosage above 60 mg is not recommended. When in the judgement of the clinician a lower initial dose is appropriate, patients may begin treatment with Ritalin LA 10 mg.）  参数|quote=值左起第18位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE \ CONCERTA® is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children 6 years of age and older, adolescents, and adults up to the age of 65 [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14)]. A diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; DSM-IV) implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before age 7 years. The symptoms must cause clinically significant impairment, e.g., in social, academic, or occupational functioning, and be present in two or more settings, e.g., school (or work) and at home. The symptoms must not be better accounted for by another mental disorder. For the Inattentive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: lack of attention to details/careless mistakes; lack of sustained attention; poor listener; failure to follow through on tasks; poor organization; avoids tasks requiring sustained mental effort; loses things; easily distracted; forgetful. For the Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, at least six of the following symptoms must have persisted for at least 6 months: fidgeting/squirming; leaving seat; inappropriate running/climbing; difficulty with quiet activities; "on the go;" excessive talking; blurting answers; can't wait turn; intrusive. The Combined Type requires both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive criteria to be met.  参数|quote=值左起第27位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 14.2 Adolescents In a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial (Study 4) involving 177 patients, CONCERTA® was demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of ADHD in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years at doses up to 72 mg/day (1.4 mg/kg/day). Of 220 patients who entered an open 4-week titration phase, 177 were titrated to an individualized dose (maximum of 72 mg/day) based on meeting specific improvement criteria on the ADHD Rating Scale and the Global Assessment of Effectiveness with acceptable tolerability. Patients who met these criteria were then randomized to receive either their individualized dose of CONCERTA® (18 – 72 mg/day, n=87) or placebo (n=90) during a two-week double-blind phase. At the end of this phase, mean scores for the investigator rating on the ADHD Rating Scale demonstrated that CONCERTA® was statistically significantly superior to placebo.  参数|quote=值左起第17位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Concerta. DailyMed.gov. Jassen Cilag. 2013 [January, 2017.]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. 14.2 Adolescents 14.3 Adults Two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted in 627 adults aged 18 to 65 years. The controlled studies compared CONCERTA® administered once daily and placebo in a multicenter, parallel-group, 7-week dose-titration study (Study 5) (36 to 108 mg/day) and in a multicenter, parallel-group, 5-week, fixed-dose study (Study 6) (18, 36, and 72 mg/day). Study 5 demonstrated the effectiveness of CONCERTA® in the treatment of ADHD in adults aged 18 to 65 years at doses from 36 mg/day to 108 mg/day based on the change from baseline to final study visit on the Adult ADHD Investigator Rating Scale (AISRS). Of 226 patients who entered the 7-week trial, 110 were randomized to CONCERTA® and 116 were randomized to placebo. Treatment was initiated at 36 mg/day and patients continued with incremental increases of 18 mg/day (36 to 108 mg/day) based on meeting specific improvement criteria with acceptable tolerability. At the final study visit, mean change scores (LS Mean, SEM) for the investigator rating on the AISRS demonstrated that CONCERTA® was statistically significantly superior to placebo. Study 6 was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-response study (5-week duration) with 3 fixed-dose groups (18, 36, and 72 mg). Patients were randomized to receive CONCERTA® administered at doses of 18 mg (n=101), 36 mg (n=102), 72 mg/day (n=102), or placebo (n=96). All three doses of CONCERTA® were statistically significantly more effective than placebo in improving CAARS (Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale) total scores at double-blind end point in adult subjects with ADHD.  参数|quote=值左起第17位存在換行符 (帮助);
  • Label of Ritalin LA. DailyMed.com. Novartis. 2015 [January 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-26）. Maintenance/Extended Treatment\There is no body of evidence available from controlled trials to indicate how long the patient with ADHD should be treated with Ritalin LA. It is generally agreed, however, that pharmacological treatment of ADHD may be needed for extended periods. Nevertheless, the physician who elects to use Ritalin LA for extended periods in patients with ADHD should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient with trials off medication to assess the patient’s functioning without pharmacotherapy. Improvement may be sustained when the drug is either temporarily or permanently discontinued.） 
  • 管制藥品分級及品項. [2017-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-13）. 
  • 国家食品药品监督管理局. 精神药品品种目录（2007年版）. 医药网. 2007-10-31 [2013-02-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-02）. 
  • 关于延长哌醋甲酯缓释剂治疗注意缺陷多动障碍处方限定时间的通知_药事政策及法规_资讯中心_湖南药事服务网. www.hnysfww.com. [2021-07-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-03）. 
  • 转发省卫生厅办公室转发卫生部办公厅关于延长哌醋甲酯缓释剂治疗注意缺陷多动障碍处方限定时间的通知. 永丰县卫生局办公室. 2012-02-09. （原始内容存档于2021-10-24）.