唐山大地震 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "唐山大地震" in Chinese language version.

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4usgs.gov

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archive.org

Chen, Yong; Tsoi, Kam-Ling; Chen, Feibi; Gao, Zhenhuan; Zou, Qijia; Chen, Zhangli (编). The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: An Anatomy of Disaster. Oxford: Pergamon Press. : 57–58. ISBN 0-08-034875-0. According to official projection, in the Tangshan region (an area covering 110 km² with Tangshan city as its center) the number of deaths resulting from the earthquake amounted to 242,419; 164,581 cases of severe injury were reported and over 360,000 people suffered slight injury.

archive.today

田春玲. 唐山大地震40周年金大陆：我们正在抢救大地震的历史. 澎湃新闻. 2022-12-23. （原始内容存档于2022-12-23）.

books.google.com

Spignesi (2005，第47–48頁) quotes from a geocities.com webpage of "Dr. George" that is no longer available. Spignesi quotes Pararas-Carayannis as saying that, in the 1556 earthquake, "in some counties the average death toll was 60 percent of the total population", and that it was reasonable to expect a similar proportion of deaths at Tangshan since the magnitudes were similar (assuming that the intensity of ground-shaking was also similar), and "since construction standards for this rural area had not changed significantly" (Spignesi 2005，第47–48頁). However, that premise is false: the large death toll in Shaanxi (Shensi) has been attributed to the yaodong style of construction peculiar to that region, where rooms, and entire buildings, are carved out of a thick layer of soft sediments (loess) that blankets the region, leaving walls of weak material similar to adobe to support the roof (Golany 1992，第7,1頁). Spignesi, Stephen J., Chapter 15: The 1976 Tangshan, China, Earthquake, Catastrophe!: The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time, 2005 [2019-02-06], ISBN 978-0-8065-2558-7, （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） . Spignesi, Stephen J., Chapter 15: The 1976 Tangshan, China, Earthquake, Catastrophe!: The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time, 2005 [2019-02-06], ISBN 978-0-8065-2558-7, （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） . Golany, Gideon S., Chinese Earth-Sheltered Dwellings: Indigenous Lessons for Modern Urban Design, University of Hawaii Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0-8248-1369-7 .

cas.cn

断裂带：地震的“老巢”. cas.cn. 2022-09-19 [2023-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-25）.

cnjournals.com

dzgcxb.cnjournals.com

张元芳; 任栋; 陈珊. 海原地震遗迹(宁夏段)保护现状及保护方式讨论. 地震工程学报. 2020, 42 (5) [2021-04-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-25）.

drgeorgepc.com

The China Earthquake of 1976, [18 July 2018], （原始内容存档于2020-12-06） .

dzcom

杨传忠. 济哈绿皮车退役变中国红留下一串闯关东故事. 大众网-齐鲁晚报. 2011-01-26 [2022-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-27）.

ifeng.com

news.ifeng.com

凤凰资讯. 唐山大地震第四章在另一世界里. 凤凰网. 2008-05-13 [2022-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-27）.

ishare.ifeng.com

黄志强：“邯二”唐山不会忘记，凤凰新闻，2020/07/16. [2021-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-22）.

jiemian.com

王瓒玮. 唐山大地震四十年：反思与“记忆”. 东方历史评论. 2016-07-28 [2023-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-03）. 又刊於：王瓒玮. 唐山大地震40年：从死亡人数到天灾还是人祸仍是一地鸡毛. 界面新闻. 2016-07-28 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-15）.

nytimes.com

Quake Toll in China Put at 655,000 In Report Said to Come From Area. The New York Times. 1977-01-05 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

people.com.cn

culture.people.com.cn

徐学江. 唐山地震死亡人数是如何公布的. 人民网. 2006-07-28 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.

rthk.hk

news.rthk.hk

唐山市當局稱今早5.1級地震屬1976年大地震餘震 - RTHK. [2020-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）（中文（臺灣））.

sohu.com

王瓒玮. 唐山大地震四十年：反思与“记忆”. 东方历史评论. 2016-07-28 [2023-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-03）. 又刊於：王瓒玮. 唐山大地震40年：从死亡人数到天灾还是人祸仍是一地鸡毛. 界面新闻. 2016-07-28 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-15）.

news.sohu.com

李玉林：飞车进京向中南海报告唐山地震. 燕赵都市报. 2006-07-07 [2008-05-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.

thepaper.cn

夏明方. 家庭的解体与重生：历史视野下的唐山大地震. 文明的“双相”——灾害与历史的缠绕. 广西师范大学出版社. 2020: 79 [2023-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-30）.
田春玲. 唐山大地震40周年金大陆：我们正在抢救大地震的历史. 澎湃新闻. 2022-12-23. （原始内容存档于2022-12-23）.

usgs.gov

earthquake.usgs.gov

M 7.5 - Tianjin-Hebei border region, China; 1976-07-27 19:42:54 (UTC); 39.570°N 117.978°E; 23.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2023-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-27）.
M 7.4 - Hebei, China；　1976-07-28 10:45:35 (UTC)；39.664°N 118.401°E；26.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2020-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-09）.
M 4.8 - 3 km NE of Beihuaidian, China1976-07-27 20:07:15 (UTC) 39.282°N 117.590°E 33.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2023-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-05）.

neic.usgs.gov

neic.usgs.gov. [2008-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2004-12-29）.

web.archive.org

M 7.5 - Tianjin-Hebei border region, China; 1976-07-27 19:42:54 (UTC); 39.570°N 117.978°E; 23.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2023-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-27）.
M 7.4 - Hebei, China；　1976-07-28 10:45:35 (UTC)；39.664°N 118.401°E；26.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2020-11-10]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-09）.
断裂带：地震的“老巢”. cas.cn. 2022-09-19 [2023-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-25）.
王瓒玮. 唐山大地震四十年：反思与“记忆”. 东方历史评论. 2016-07-28 [2023-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-03）. 又刊於：王瓒玮. 唐山大地震40年：从死亡人数到天灾还是人祸仍是一地鸡毛. 界面新闻. 2016-07-28 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-15）.
夏明方. 家庭的解体与重生：历史视野下的唐山大地震. 文明的“双相”——灾害与历史的缠绕. 广西师范大学出版社. 2020: 79 [2023-08-03]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-30）.
M 4.8 - 3 km NE of Beihuaidian, China1976-07-27 20:07:15 (UTC) 39.282°N 117.590°E 33.0 km depth. 美國地質調查局官方網站. [2023-08-05]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-05）.
唐山市當局稱今早5.1級地震屬1976年大地震餘震 - RTHK. [2020-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）（中文（臺灣））.
李玉林：飞车进京向中南海报告唐山地震. 燕赵都市报. 2006-07-07 [2008-05-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
凤凰资讯. 唐山大地震第四章在另一世界里. 凤凰网. 2008-05-13 [2022-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-27）.
杨传忠. 济哈绿皮车退役变中国红留下一串闯关东故事. 大众网-齐鲁晚报. 2011-01-26 [2022-06-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-27）.
neic.usgs.gov. [2008-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2004-12-29）.
徐学江. 唐山地震死亡人数是如何公布的. 人民网. 2006-07-28 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.
唐山地震纪念墙上的新名字：每个名字，都是一块墓碑. 新华网. 2017-07-29 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.
Spignesi (2005，第47–48頁) quotes from a geocities.com webpage of "Dr. George" that is no longer available. Spignesi quotes Pararas-Carayannis as saying that, in the 1556 earthquake, "in some counties the average death toll was 60 percent of the total population", and that it was reasonable to expect a similar proportion of deaths at Tangshan since the magnitudes were similar (assuming that the intensity of ground-shaking was also similar), and "since construction standards for this rural area had not changed significantly" (Spignesi 2005，第47–48頁). However, that premise is false: the large death toll in Shaanxi (Shensi) has been attributed to the yaodong style of construction peculiar to that region, where rooms, and entire buildings, are carved out of a thick layer of soft sediments (loess) that blankets the region, leaving walls of weak material similar to adobe to support the roof (Golany 1992，第7,1頁). Spignesi, Stephen J., Chapter 15: The 1976 Tangshan, China, Earthquake, Catastrophe!: The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time, 2005 [2019-02-06], ISBN 978-0-8065-2558-7, （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） . Spignesi, Stephen J., Chapter 15: The 1976 Tangshan, China, Earthquake, Catastrophe!: The 100 Greatest Disasters of All Time, 2005 [2019-02-06], ISBN 978-0-8065-2558-7, （原始内容存档于2021-01-15） . Golany, Gideon S., Chinese Earth-Sheltered Dwellings: Indigenous Lessons for Modern Urban Design, University of Hawaii Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0-8248-1369-7 .
The China Earthquake of 1976, [18 July 2018], （原始内容存档于2020-12-06） .
Quake Toll in China Put at 655,000 In Report Said to Come From Area. The New York Times. 1977-01-05 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-17）.
黄志强：“邯二”唐山不会忘记，凤凰新闻，2020/07/16. [2021-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-22）.
张元芳; 任栋; 陈珊. 海原地震遗迹(宁夏段)保护现状及保护方式讨论. 地震工程学报. 2020, 42 (5) [2021-04-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-25）.

xinhuanet.com

唐山地震纪念墙上的新名字：每个名字，都是一块墓碑. 新华网. 2017-07-29 [2019-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-07）.