孤儿药 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "孤儿药" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Chinese rank

26web.archive.org

1^st place

14nih.gov

4^th place

5^th place

14doi.org

2^nd place

23^rd place

4fda.gov

447^th place

581^st place

4nice.org.uk

3,258^th place

2,433^rd place

3worldcat.org

5^th place

12^th place

2thomsonreuters.com

8,026^th place

5,985^th place

2webcitation.org

24^th place

29^th place

2moj.gov.tw

3,914^th place

169^th place

2nytimes.com

7^th place

31^st place

1evaluategroup.com

low place

1prnewswire.com

406^th place

918^th place

1dtr-pharma.com

low place

1drugdiscoverytoday.com

low place

1evaluate.com

low place

1medterms.com

8,430^th place

7,474^th place

1dur.ac.uk

3,728^th place

7,979^th place

1bioworld.com

low place

1pharmasentry.com

low place

1chemistryworld.com

low place

1pharmexec.com

low place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

332^nd place

1csuohio.edu

low place

1jstor.org

26^th place

113^th place

1cnbc.com

220^th place

426^th place

1cbc.ca

115^th place

346^th place

1utoronto.ca

1,601^st place

1,468^th place

bioworld.com

Donna Young. U.S., EU Will Use Same Orphan Drug Application.. BioWorld News (Washington). 2007-11-28 [2008-01-06]. In an attempt to simplify the process for obtaining orphan status for medications targeting rare diseases, the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have created a common application. ... U.S. and European regulators still will conduct independent reviews of application submissions to ensure the data submitted meet the legal and scientific requirements of their respective jurisdictions, the agencies said. Alt URL （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

cbc.ca

Crowe, Kelly, How pharmaceutical company Alexion set the price of the world's most expensive drug: Cost of one of world's most expensive drugs shrouded in corporate secrecy, CBC News, 25 June 2015 [25 June 2015], （原始内容存档于2015-06-26）

chemistryworld.com

Orphans come in from the cold. CHEMISTRYWORLD. 30 August 2011 [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-18）.

cnbc.com

US FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation for Retrotope's RT001 in the Treatment of Phospholipase 2G6 (PLA2G6)-Associated Neurodegeneration. Global Newswire. 2 November 2017 [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-01）.

csuohio.edu

engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu

Arno, Peter S.; Bonuck, Karen; Davis, Michael. Rare Diseases, Drug Development, and AIDS: The Impact of the Orphan Drug Act. The Milbank Quarterly. 1995-01-01, 73 (2): 231–252 [2021-11-25]. JSTOR 3350258. PMID 7776947. doi:10.2307/3350258. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.

doi.org

Hall, Anthony K; Carlson, Marilyn R. The current status of orphan drug development in Europe and the US. Intractable and Rare Diseases Research. 2014, 3 (1): 1–7. ISSN 2186-3644. PMC 4204542 . PMID 25343119. doi:10.5582/irdr.3.1.
Giannuzzi, Viviana; Conte, Rosa; Landi, Annalisa; Ottomano, Serena Antonella; Bonifazi, Donato; Baiardi, Paola; Bonifazi, Fedele; Ceci, Adriana. Orphan medicinal products in Europe and United States to cover needs of patients with rare diseases: an increased common effort is to be foreseen. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 3 April 2017, 12 (1): 64. ISSN 1750-1172. PMC 5376695 . PMID 28372595. doi:10.1186/s13023-017-0617-1.
Meeking, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E., Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D, Drug Discovery Today, 15 August 2012, 17 (13–14): 660–664 [29 June 2015], PMID 22366309, doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005, （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）
Shannon Gibson, Hamid R Raziee, and Trudo Lemmens. Why the Shift? Taking a Closer Look at the Growing Interest in Niche Markets and Personalized Medicine. World Medical & Health Policy. 19 March 2015, 7 (1): 3–27. PMC 4405057 . PMID 25914853. doi:10.1002/wmh3.131.
Gerke, Sara; Pattinson, Shaun D. EU Marketing Authorisation of Orphan Medicinal Products and Its Impact on Related Research (PDF). European Journal of Health Law. 2017-02-09, 24 (5): 541–564 [2021-11-25]. doi:10.1163/15718093-12341439. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-04-27）.
Denis, Alain; Mergaert, Lut; Fostier, Christel; et al. Issues Surrounding Orphan Disease and Orphan Drug Policies in Europe. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2010, 8 (5): 343–50. PMID 20804226. S2CID 27388954. doi:10.2165/11536990-000000000-00000.
Arno, Peter S.; Bonuck, Karen; Davis, Michael. Rare Diseases, Drug Development, and AIDS: The Impact of the Orphan Drug Act. The Milbank Quarterly. 1995-01-01, 73 (2): 231–252 [2021-11-25]. JSTOR 3350258. PMID 7776947. doi:10.2307/3350258. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.
Schey, Carina; Milanova, Tsveta; Hutchings, Adam. Estimating the budget impact of orphan medicines in Europe: 2010 - 2020. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2011, 6 (62): 62. PMC 3191371 . PMID 21951518. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-62.
Meekings, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E. Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D. Drug Discovery Today. 2012-07-01, 17 (13–14): 660–664. PMID 22366309. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005.
Kesselheim, A. S.; Myers, J. A.; Avorn, J. Characteristics of clinical trials to support approval of orphan vs nonorphan drugs for cancer. JAMA. 2011-06-08, 305 (22): 2320–2326. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 21642684. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.769 .
Drummond, Michael F; Wilson, David A. Assessing the economic challenges posed by orphan drugs. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2007, 23 (1): 36–42. PMID 17234015. doi:10.1017/S0266462307051550.
McCabe, C; Claxton, K; Tsuchiya, A. Orphan drugs and the NHS. British Medical Journal. 2005, 331 (4): 1016–19. PMC 1273462 . PMID 16254305. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7523.1016.
McCabe, C; Tsuchiya, A; Claxton, K; Raftery, J. Assessing the economic challenges posed by orphan drugs: a comment on Drummond et al.. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2007, 23 (3): 397–404. PMID 17579945. doi:10.1017/s0266462307071012.
Simoens, Steven. Pricing and reimbursement of orphan drugs: the need for more transparency. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2011-06-17, 6 (1): 42. PMC 3132155 . PMID 21682893. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-42 （英语）.

drugdiscoverytoday.com

Meeking, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E., Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D, Drug Discovery Today, 15 August 2012, 17 (13–14): 660–664 [29 June 2015], PMID 22366309, doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005, （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）

dtr-pharma.com

The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs (PDF). Thomson Reuters. [28 July 2021]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-11-23）.

dur.ac.uk

dro.dur.ac.uk

Gerke, Sara; Pattinson, Shaun D. EU Marketing Authorisation of Orphan Medicinal Products and Its Impact on Related Research (PDF). European Journal of Health Law. 2017-02-09, 24 (5): 541–564 [2021-11-25]. doi:10.1163/15718093-12341439. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-04-27）.

evaluate.com

存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-28）.

evaluategroup.com

info.evaluategroup.com

Hadjivasiliou, Andreas, Orphan Drug Report 2014 (PDF), EvaluatePharma, October 2014 [28 June 2015], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2015-10-10）

fda.gov

Developing Products for Rare Diseases & Conditions. US Food and Drug Administration. 20 December 2018 [28 December 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-29）.
Designating an Orphan Product: Drugs and Biological Products. FDA. [28 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-19）.
Henkel, John. Orphan Drug Law Matures into Medical Mainstay. FDA Consumer. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1999 [14 February 2009]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-05）.
Brooks, Megan. FDA approves first-of-its kind targeted RNA-based therapy to treat a rare disease. fda.gov. US Federal Drug Administration. 10 August 2018 [5 May 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-04）（英语）.

jstor.org

Arno, Peter S.; Bonuck, Karen; Davis, Michael. Rare Diseases, Drug Development, and AIDS: The Impact of the Orphan Drug Act. The Milbank Quarterly. 1995-01-01, 73 (2): 231–252 [2021-11-25]. JSTOR 3350258. PMID 7776947. doi:10.2307/3350258. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.

medterms.com

Orphan disease definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms. Medterms.com. 2002-08-25 [2010-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-08）.

moj.gov.tw

law.moj.gov.tw

罕見疾病防治及藥物法. 全國法規資料庫. 14 January 2015 [23 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
罕見疾病是什麼罕見疾病患者的協助管道請看這. 財團法人罕見疾病基金會. 27 January 2018 [23 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）. 我國依「罕見疾病及藥物審議委員會」的公告，則是以疾病盛行率萬分之一以下作為我國罕見疾病認定的標準。但罕病何其多，所以仍需經罕見疾病及藥物審議委員會認定，認定標準以罕見性〈萬分之一以下〉、治療困難性、遺傳性，三項指標來綜合認定。

nice.org.uk

Measuring effectiveness and cost effectiveness: the QALY (新闻稿). NICE. 20 April 2010 [15 Jun 2015]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-06）.
Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013. NICE. 2013 [15 Jun 2015]. （原始内容存档于7 May 2015）.
Our charter | Who we are | About. NICE. [2021-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
NICE calls for a new approach to managing the entry of drugs into the NHS (新闻稿). NICE. 18 September 2014 [29 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-20）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hall, Anthony K; Carlson, Marilyn R. The current status of orphan drug development in Europe and the US. Intractable and Rare Diseases Research. 2014, 3 (1): 1–7. ISSN 2186-3644. PMC 4204542 . PMID 25343119. doi:10.5582/irdr.3.1.
Giannuzzi, Viviana; Conte, Rosa; Landi, Annalisa; Ottomano, Serena Antonella; Bonifazi, Donato; Baiardi, Paola; Bonifazi, Fedele; Ceci, Adriana. Orphan medicinal products in Europe and United States to cover needs of patients with rare diseases: an increased common effort is to be foreseen. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 3 April 2017, 12 (1): 64. ISSN 1750-1172. PMC 5376695 . PMID 28372595. doi:10.1186/s13023-017-0617-1.
Meeking, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E., Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D, Drug Discovery Today, 15 August 2012, 17 (13–14): 660–664 [29 June 2015], PMID 22366309, doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005, （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）
Shannon Gibson, Hamid R Raziee, and Trudo Lemmens. Why the Shift? Taking a Closer Look at the Growing Interest in Niche Markets and Personalized Medicine. World Medical & Health Policy. 19 March 2015, 7 (1): 3–27. PMC 4405057 . PMID 25914853. doi:10.1002/wmh3.131.
Illingworth, Patricia; Cohen, Jillian; Illingworth, P. Orphan Drug Policies: Implications for the United States, Canada, and Developing Countries. Health Law Journal. 2004, 12: 183–200. PMID 16539081.
Denis, Alain; Mergaert, Lut; Fostier, Christel; et al. Issues Surrounding Orphan Disease and Orphan Drug Policies in Europe. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2010, 8 (5): 343–50. PMID 20804226. S2CID 27388954. doi:10.2165/11536990-000000000-00000.
Arno, Peter S.; Bonuck, Karen; Davis, Michael. Rare Diseases, Drug Development, and AIDS: The Impact of the Orphan Drug Act. The Milbank Quarterly. 1995-01-01, 73 (2): 231–252 [2021-11-25]. JSTOR 3350258. PMID 7776947. doi:10.2307/3350258. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.
Schey, Carina; Milanova, Tsveta; Hutchings, Adam. Estimating the budget impact of orphan medicines in Europe: 2010 - 2020. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2011, 6 (62): 62. PMC 3191371 . PMID 21951518. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-62.
Meekings, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E. Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D. Drug Discovery Today. 2012-07-01, 17 (13–14): 660–664. PMID 22366309. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005.
Kesselheim, A. S.; Myers, J. A.; Avorn, J. Characteristics of clinical trials to support approval of orphan vs nonorphan drugs for cancer. JAMA. 2011-06-08, 305 (22): 2320–2326. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 21642684. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.769 .
Drummond, Michael F; Wilson, David A. Assessing the economic challenges posed by orphan drugs. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2007, 23 (1): 36–42. PMID 17234015. doi:10.1017/S0266462307051550.
McCabe, C; Claxton, K; Tsuchiya, A. Orphan drugs and the NHS. British Medical Journal. 2005, 331 (4): 1016–19. PMC 1273462 . PMID 16254305. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7523.1016.
McCabe, C; Tsuchiya, A; Claxton, K; Raftery, J. Assessing the economic challenges posed by orphan drugs: a comment on Drummond et al.. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 2007, 23 (3): 397–404. PMID 17579945. doi:10.1017/s0266462307071012.
Simoens, Steven. Pricing and reimbursement of orphan drugs: the need for more transparency. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 2011-06-17, 6 (1): 42. PMC 3132155 . PMID 21682893. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-6-42 （英语）.

nytimes.com

query.nytimes.com

Pollack, Andrew. Orphan Drug Law Spurs Debate. The New York Times. 30 April 1990 [15 February 2009]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-08）.

nytimes.com

Thomas, Katie. Costly Drug for Fatal Muscular Disease Wins F.D.A. Approval. The New York Times. 30 December 2016 [12 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-08）.

pharmasentry.com

Donna Young. U.S., EU Will Use Same Orphan Drug Application.. BioWorld News (Washington). 2007-11-28 [2008-01-06]. In an attempt to simplify the process for obtaining orphan status for medications targeting rare diseases, the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have created a common application. ... U.S. and European regulators still will conduct independent reviews of application submissions to ensure the data submitted meet the legal and scientific requirements of their respective jurisdictions, the agencies said. Alt URL （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

pharmexec.com

存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.

prnewswire.com

Global orphan drug market to reach US$120 billion by 2018 (press release), New Delhi: Kuick Research, 7 Feb 2014 [20 March 2014], （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Denis, Alain; Mergaert, Lut; Fostier, Christel; et al. Issues Surrounding Orphan Disease and Orphan Drug Policies in Europe. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. 2010, 8 (5): 343–50. PMID 20804226. S2CID 27388954. doi:10.2165/11536990-000000000-00000.

thomsonreuters.com

Laura Gaze, Jennifer Breen, The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs (PDF), Thomson Reuters, 2012 [29 June 2015], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 May 2015）
存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.

utoronto.ca

tdccbr.med.utoronto.ca

存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-14）.

web.archive.org

Hadjivasiliou, Andreas, Orphan Drug Report 2014 (PDF), EvaluatePharma, October 2014 [28 June 2015], （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2015-10-10）
Developing Products for Rare Diseases & Conditions. US Food and Drug Administration. 20 December 2018 [28 December 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-29）.
Global orphan drug market to reach US$120 billion by 2018 (press release), New Delhi: Kuick Research, 7 Feb 2014 [20 March 2014], （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）
The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs (PDF). Thomson Reuters. [28 July 2021]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-11-23）.
Laura Gaze, Jennifer Breen, The Economic Power of Orphan Drugs (PDF), Thomson Reuters, 2012 [29 June 2015], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于13 May 2015）
Meeking, Kiran N.; Williams, Cory S. M.; Arrowsmith, John E., Orphan drug development: an economically viable strategy for biopharma R&D, Drug Discovery Today, 15 August 2012, 17 (13–14): 660–664 [29 June 2015], PMID 22366309, doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2012.02.005, （原始内容存档于2022-01-29）
Designating an Orphan Product: Drugs and Biological Products. FDA. [28 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-19）.
存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-28）.
Henkel, John. Orphan Drug Law Matures into Medical Mainstay. FDA Consumer. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1999 [14 February 2009]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-05）.
Gerke, Sara; Pattinson, Shaun D. EU Marketing Authorisation of Orphan Medicinal Products and Its Impact on Related Research (PDF). European Journal of Health Law. 2017-02-09, 24 (5): 541–564 [2021-11-25]. doi:10.1163/15718093-12341439. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-04-27）.
Donna Young. U.S., EU Will Use Same Orphan Drug Application.. BioWorld News (Washington). 2007-11-28 [2008-01-06]. In an attempt to simplify the process for obtaining orphan status for medications targeting rare diseases, the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have created a common application. ... U.S. and European regulators still will conduct independent reviews of application submissions to ensure the data submitted meet the legal and scientific requirements of their respective jurisdictions, the agencies said. Alt URL （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
罕見疾病防治及藥物法. 全國法規資料庫. 14 January 2015 [23 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
罕見疾病是什麼罕見疾病患者的協助管道請看這. 財團法人罕見疾病基金會. 27 January 2018 [23 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）. 我國依「罕見疾病及藥物審議委員會」的公告，則是以疾病盛行率萬分之一以下作為我國罕見疾病認定的標準。但罕病何其多，所以仍需經罕見疾病及藥物審議委員會認定，認定標準以罕見性〈萬分之一以下〉、治療困難性、遺傳性，三項指標來綜合認定。
Orphans come in from the cold. CHEMISTRYWORLD. 30 August 2011 [29 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-18）.
存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
Arno, Peter S.; Bonuck, Karen; Davis, Michael. Rare Diseases, Drug Development, and AIDS: The Impact of the Orphan Drug Act. The Milbank Quarterly. 1995-01-01, 73 (2): 231–252 [2021-11-25]. JSTOR 3350258. PMID 7776947. doi:10.2307/3350258. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.
US FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation for Retrotope's RT001 in the Treatment of Phospholipase 2G6 (PLA2G6)-Associated Neurodegeneration. Global Newswire. 2 November 2017 [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-01）.
Brooks, Megan. FDA approves first-of-its kind targeted RNA-based therapy to treat a rare disease. fda.gov. US Federal Drug Administration. 10 August 2018 [5 May 2021]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-04）（英语）.
Thomas, Katie. Costly Drug for Fatal Muscular Disease Wins F.D.A. Approval. The New York Times. 30 December 2016 [12 April 2017]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-08）.
Crowe, Kelly, How pharmaceutical company Alexion set the price of the world's most expensive drug: Cost of one of world's most expensive drugs shrouded in corporate secrecy, CBC News, 25 June 2015 [25 June 2015], （原始内容存档于2015-06-26）
存档副本. [2021-11-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-14）.
Measuring effectiveness and cost effectiveness: the QALY (新闻稿). NICE. 20 April 2010 [15 Jun 2015]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-06）.
Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013. NICE. 2013 [15 Jun 2015]. （原始内容存档于7 May 2015）.
Our charter | Who we are | About. NICE. [2021-03-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-23）.
NICE calls for a new approach to managing the entry of drugs into the NHS (新闻稿). NICE. 18 September 2014 [29 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-20）.

webcitation.org

Pollack, Andrew. Orphan Drug Law Spurs Debate. The New York Times. 30 April 1990 [15 February 2009]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-08）.
Orphan disease definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms. Medterms.com. 2002-08-25 [2010-06-07]. （原始内容存档于2012-08-08）.

worldcat.org

Hall, Anthony K; Carlson, Marilyn R. The current status of orphan drug development in Europe and the US. Intractable and Rare Diseases Research. 2014, 3 (1): 1–7. ISSN 2186-3644. PMC 4204542 . PMID 25343119. doi:10.5582/irdr.3.1.
Giannuzzi, Viviana; Conte, Rosa; Landi, Annalisa; Ottomano, Serena Antonella; Bonifazi, Donato; Baiardi, Paola; Bonifazi, Fedele; Ceci, Adriana. Orphan medicinal products in Europe and United States to cover needs of patients with rare diseases: an increased common effort is to be foreseen. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 3 April 2017, 12 (1): 64. ISSN 1750-1172. PMC 5376695 . PMID 28372595. doi:10.1186/s13023-017-0617-1.
Kesselheim, A. S.; Myers, J. A.; Avorn, J. Characteristics of clinical trials to support approval of orphan vs nonorphan drugs for cancer. JAMA. 2011-06-08, 305 (22): 2320–2326. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 21642684. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.769 .