室女A星系 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "室女A星系" in Chinese language version.

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research.aalto.fi

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 10 April 2019, 875 (1): L1 [2023-08-01]. Bibcode:2019ApJ...875L...1E. S2CID 145906806. arXiv:1906.11238 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-06-03）.

archive.org

Hubble, E. P. A general study of diffuse galactic nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1922, 56: 162–99. Bibcode:1922ApJ....56..162H. doi:10.1086/142698.
Hubble, E. P. Extragalactic nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1926, 64: 321–69. Bibcode:1926ApJ....64..321H. doi:10.1086/143018.
Hubble, Edwin; Humason, Milton L. The Velocity-Distance Relation among Extra-Galactic Nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1931, 74: 43. Bibcode:1931ApJ....74...43H. doi:10.1086/143323.
Burbidge, G. R. On Synchrotron Radiation from Messier 87. The Astrophysical Journal. 1956, 124: 416. Bibcode:1956ApJ...124..416B. doi:10.1086/146237.
Turland, B. D. Observations of M87 at 5 GHz with the 5-km telescope. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. February 1975, 170: 281–94. Bibcode:1975MNRAS.170..281T. doi:10.1093/mnras/170.2.281.
Luginbuhl, Christian B.; Skiff, Brian A. Observing Handbook and Catalogue of Deep-Sky Objects 2nd. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. 1998: 266. ISBN 0-521-62556-4.
Cooke, Antony. Visual astronomy under dark skies: a new approach to observing deep space. Patrick Moore's practical astronomy series. London, United Kingdom: Springer-Verlag. 2005: 5–37. ISBN 1-85233-901-2.
Kundu, Arunav; Whitmore, Bradley C. New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems. I. Colors, Distances, and Specific Frequencies of 28 Elliptical Galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. 2001, 121 (6): 2950–73. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.2950K. arXiv:astro-ph/0103021 . doi:10.1086/321073.
Leverington, David. New cosmic horizons: space astronomy from the V2 to the Hubble Space Telescope. Cambridge University Press. 2000: 343. ISBN 0-521-65833-0.
Bland-Hawthorn, Joss; Freeman, Ken. The Baryon Halo of the Milky Way: A Fossil Record of Its Formation. Science. 7 January 2000, 287 (5450): 79–84. Bibcode:2000Sci...287...79B. PMID 10615053. doi:10.1126/science.287.5450.79.
Harris, William E.; Harris, Gretchen L. H.; McLaughlin, Dean E. M87, Globular Clusters, and Galactic Winds: Issues in Giant Galaxy Formation. The Astronomical Journal. 1998, 115 (5): 1801–22. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1801H. arXiv:astro-ph/9801214 . doi:10.1086/300322. The authors give a metallicity of:
${\begin{smallmatrix}\left[{\frac {Fe}{H}}\right]\ =\ -0.3\end{smallmatrix}}$
within a 3 kpc radius of the galactic core.
Steinicke, Wolfgang; Jakiel, Richard. Galaxies and how to observe them. Astronomers' observing guides. Springer. 2007: 32–33. ISBN 1-85233-752-4.
Sparks, William B.; Fraix-Burnet, D.; Macchetto, F.; Owen, F. N. A counterjet in the elliptical galaxy M87. Nature. 27 February 1992, 355 (6363): 804–06. Bibcode:1992Natur.355..804S. doi:10.1038/355804a0.

arxiv.org

Kundu, Arunav; Whitmore, Bradley C. New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems. I. Colors, Distances, and Specific Frequencies of 28 Elliptical Galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. 2001, 121 (6): 2950–73. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.2950K. arXiv:astro-ph/0103021 . doi:10.1086/321073.
Chakrabarty, Dalia. Mass modelling with minimum kinematic information. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2007, 377 (1): 30–40. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.377...30C. arXiv:astro-ph/0702065 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11583.x.
Bird, S.; Harris, W. E.; Blakeslee, J. P.; Flynn, C. The inner halo of M 87: a first direct view of the red-giant population. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2004, 524: 1–11. Bibcode:2010A&A...524A..71B. arXiv:1009.3202 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014876.
Cohen, Judith G.; Ryzhov, Anton. The Dynamics of the M87 Globular Cluster System. Astrophysical Journal. 1997, 486 (1): 230–241. Bibcode:1997ApJ...486..230C. arXiv:astro-ph/9704051 . doi:10.1086/304518.
Wu, Xiaoan; Tremaine, Scott. Deriving the Mass Distribution of M87 from Globular Clusters. The Astrophysical Journal. 2006, 643 (1): 210–21. Bibcode:2006ApJ...643..210W. arXiv:astro-ph/0508463 . doi:10.1086/501515.
Janowiecki, Steven; et al. Diffuse Tidal Structures in the Halos of Virgo Ellipticals. The Astrophysical Journal. 2010, 715 (2): 972–85. Bibcode:2010ApJ...715..972J. arXiv:1004.1473 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/972.
Doherty, M.; Arnaboldi, M.; Das, P.; Gerhard, O.; Aguerri, J. A. L.; Ciardullo, R.; Feldmeier, J. J.; Freeman, K. C.; Jacoby, G. H.; Murante, G. The edge of the M 87 halo and the kinematics of the diffuse light in the Virgo cluster core. Astronomy and Astrophysics. August 2009, 502 (3): 771–786. Bibcode:2009A&A...502..771D. arXiv:0905.1958 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811532.
Gavazzi, G.; Boselli, A.; Vílchez, J. M.; Iglesias-Paramo, J.; Bonfanti, C. The filament of ionized gas in the outskirt of M87. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2000, 361: 1–4. Bibcode:2000A&A...361....1G. arXiv:astro-ph/0007323 .
Harris, William E.; Harris, Gretchen L. H.; McLaughlin, Dean E. M87, Globular Clusters, and Galactic Winds: Issues in Giant Galaxy Formation. The Astronomical Journal. 1998, 115 (5): 1801–22. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1801H. arXiv:astro-ph/9801214 . doi:10.1086/300322. The authors give a metallicity of:
${\begin{smallmatrix}\left[{\frac {Fe}{H}}\right]\ =\ -0.3\end{smallmatrix}}$
within a 3 kpc radius of the galactic core.
Longobardi, A; Arnobaldi, M; Gerhard, O; Mihos, J C. The build-up of the cD halo of M87 - evidence for accretion in the last Gyr. arXiv.org. Cornell University Library. [25 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-07）.
Walsh, Jonelle L.; Barth, Aaron J.; Ho, Luis C.; Sarzi, Marc. The M87 Black Hole Mass from Gas-dynamical Models of Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Observations. The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 770 (2): 86. Bibcode:2013ApJ...770...86W. arXiv:1304.7273 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/86.
Macchetto, F.; Marconi, A.; Axon, D. J.; Capetti, A.; Sparks, W.; Crane, P. The Supermassive Black Hole of M87 and the Kinematics of Its Associated Gaseous Disk. Astrophysical Journal. 1997, 489 (2): 579–600. Bibcode:1997ApJ...489..579M. arXiv:astro-ph/9706252 . doi:10.1086/304823.
Di Matteo, Tiziana; Allen, Steven W.; Fabian, Andrew C.; Wilson, Andrew S.; Young, Andrew J. Accretion onto the Supermassive Black Hole in M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2003, 582 (1): 133–40. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582..133D. arXiv:astro-ph/0202238 . doi:10.1086/344504.
Batcheldor, D.; Robinson, A.; Axon, D. J.; Perlman, E. S.; Merritt, D. A Displaced Supermassive Black Hole in M87. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2010, 717 (1): L6–L10. Bibcode:2010ApJ...717L...6B. arXiv:1005.2173 . doi:10.1088/2041-8205/717/1/L6.
Madrid, Juan P.; Harris, William E.; Blakeslee, John P.; Gómez, Matías. Structural Parameters of the Messier 87 Globular. The Astrophysical Journal. 2009, 705 (1): 237–44. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705..237M. arXiv:0909.0272 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/237. See Fig. 6. for a plot of the effective cluster radius versus galactocentric distance.
Werner, N.; Böhringer, H.; Kaastra, J. S.; de Plaa, J.; Simionescu, A.; Vink, J. XMM-Newton high-resolution spectroscopy reveals the chemical evolution of M 87. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2006, 459 (2): 353–60. Bibcode:2006A&A...459..353W. arXiv:astro-ph/0608177 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065678.
Shi, Y.; et al. Thermal and Nonthermal Infrared Emission from M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2007, 655 (2): 781–89. Bibcode:2007ApJ...655..781S. arXiv:astro-ph/0610494 . doi:10.1086/510188.
Baes, M.; et al. The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. The far-infrared view of M 87. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2010, 518: 1–4. Bibcode:2010A&A...518L..53B. arXiv:1005.3059 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014555.
Clemens, M. S.; et al. The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. III. A constraint on dust grain lifetime in early-type galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. July 2010, 518: 1–4. Bibcode:2010A&A...518L..50C. arXiv:1005.3056 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014533.
Tamura, Naoyuki; Sharples, Ray M.; Arimoto, Nobuo; Onodera, Masato; Ohta, Kouji; Yamada, Yoshihiko. A Subaru/Suprime-Cam wide-field survey of globular cluster populations around M87 - I. Observation, data analysis and luminosity function. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2006, 373 (2): 588–600. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.373..588T. arXiv:astro-ph/0609067 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11067.x.
Nelson Caldwell; Jay Strader; Aaron J. Romanowsky; Jean P. Brodie; Ben Moore; Jurg Diemand; Davide Martizzi. A Globular Cluster Toward M87 with a Radial Velocity < -1000 km/s: The First Hypervelocity Cluster. 25 February 2014. Bibcode:2014ApJ...787L..11C. arXiv:1402.6319 . doi:10.1088/2041-8205/787/1/L11.
Zhang, Hong-Xin; Peng, Eric W.; Côté, Patrick; Liu, Chengze; Ferrarese, Laura; Cuillandre, Jean-Charles; Caldwell, Nelson; Gwyn, Stephen D. J.; Jordán, Andrés; Lançon, Ariane; Li, Biao; Muñoz, Roberto P.; Puzia, Thomas H.; Bekki, Kenji; Blakeslee, John P.; Boselli, Alessandro; Drinkwater, Michael J.; Duc, Pierre-Alain; Durrell, Patrick; Emsellem, Eric; Firth, Peter; Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén. The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. The Kinematics of Ultra-compact Dwarfs and Globular Clusters in M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2015, 802 (1): 26. Bibcode:2015ApJ...802...30Z. arXiv:1501.03167 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/802/1/30. 30.
Doeleman, S. S.; Fish, V. L.; Schenck, D. E.; Beaudoin, C.; Blundell, R.; Bower, G. C.; Broderick, A. E.; Chamberlin, R.; Freund, R.; Friberg, P.; Gurwell, M. A.; Ho, P. T. P.; Honma, M.; Inoue, M.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Lamb, J.; Loeb, A.; Lonsdale, C.; Marrone, D. P.; Moran, J. M.; Oyama, T.; Plambeck, R.; Primiani, R. A.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Smythe, D. L.; Soohoo, J.; Strittmatter, P.; Tilanus, R. P. J.; Titus, M.; Weintroub, J. Jet-Launching Structure Resolved Near the Supermassive Black Hole in M87. Science. 2012, 338 (6105): 355–358. Bibcode:2012Sci...338..355D. PMID 23019611. arXiv:1210.6132 . doi:10.1126/science.1224768.
Kovalev, Y. Y.; Lister, M. L.; Homan, D. C.; Kellermann, K. I. The Inner Jet of the Radio Galaxy M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2007, 668 (1): L27–L30. Bibcode:2007ApJ...668L..27K. arXiv:0708.2695 . doi:10.1086/522603.
Tsvetanov, Zlatan I.; Hartig, George F.; Ford, Holland C.; Dopita, Michael A.; Kriss, Gerard A.; Pei, Yichuan C.; Dressel, Linda L.; Harms, Richard J. M87: A Misaligned BL LAC?. Astrophysical Journal. 1998, 493: L83–L86. Bibcode:1998ApJ...493L..83T. arXiv:astro-ph/9711241 . doi:10.1086/311139.
Harris, D. E.; Cheung, C. C.; Biretta, J. A.; Sparks, W. B.; Junor, W.; Perlman, E. S.; Wilson, A. S. The Outburst of HST-1 in the M87 Jet. The Astrophysical Journal. 2006, 640 (1): 211–18. Bibcode:2006ApJ...640..211H. arXiv:astro-ph/0511755 . doi:10.1086/500081.
Harris, D. E.; Cheung, C. C.; Stawarz, L. Variability Timescales in the M87 Jet: Signatures of E Squared Losses, Discovery of a Quasi-period in HST-1, and the Site of TeV Flaring. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. January 2009, 41: 393. Bibcode:2009AAS...21333207H. arXiv:0904.3925 .
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 10 April 2019, 875 (1): L1 [2023-08-01]. Bibcode:2019ApJ...875L...1E. S2CID 145906806. arXiv:1906.11238 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-06-03）.
Côté, Patrick; et al. The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. I. Introduction to the Survey. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. July 2004, 153 (1): 223–42. Bibcode:2004ApJS..153..223C. arXiv:astro-ph/0404138 . doi:10.1086/421490.

astronomy-mall.com

Visual observations of the M87 jet. Adventures in Deep Space. Astronomy-Mall. [7 December 2010]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-07）.

bbc.com

Ghosh, Pallab. First ever black hole image released. 2019-04-10 [2019-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-10）（英国英语）.

caltech.edu

nedipac.caltech.edu

NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Results for NGC 4486. [2006-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-07）.

ned.ipac.caltech.edu

VIRGO CLUSTER. NASA-IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). [2012-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-10）.

discovery.com

dsc.discovery.com

Klotz, Irene. Galaxy's Outer Halo Lopped Off. Discovery News. 8 June 2009 [25 April 2010]. （原始内容存档于2009年8月23日）.

doi.org

Hubble, E. Messier 87 and Belanowsky's Nova. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. October 1923, 207 (35): 261. doi:10.1086/123332.
Hubble, E. P. A general study of diffuse galactic nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1922, 56: 162–99. Bibcode:1922ApJ....56..162H. doi:10.1086/142698.
Hubble, E. P. Extragalactic nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1926, 64: 321–69. Bibcode:1926ApJ....64..321H. doi:10.1086/143018.
Hubble, Edwin; Humason, Milton L. The Velocity-Distance Relation among Extra-Galactic Nebulae. Astrophysical Journal. 1931, 74: 43. Bibcode:1931ApJ....74...43H. doi:10.1086/143323.
Burbidge, G. R. On Synchrotron Radiation from Messier 87. The Astrophysical Journal. 1956, 124: 416. Bibcode:1956ApJ...124..416B. doi:10.1086/146237.
Stanley, G. J.; Slee, O. B. Galactic Radiation at Radio Frequencies. II. The Discrete Sources. Australian Journal of Scientific Research A. 1950, 3: 234. Bibcode:1950AuSRA...3..234S. doi:10.1071/ch9500234.
Baade, W.; Minkowski, R. On the Identification of Radio Sources. Astrophysical Journal. 1954, 119: 215–31. Bibcode:1954ApJ...119..215B. doi:10.1086/145813.
Turland, B. D. Observations of M87 at 5 GHz with the 5-km telescope. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. February 1975, 170: 281–94. Bibcode:1975MNRAS.170..281T. doi:10.1093/mnras/170.2.281.
Bradt, H.; Naranan, S.; Rappaport, S.; Spada, G. Celestial Positions of X-Ray Sources in Sagittarius. Astrophysical Journal. 1968, 152 (6): 1005–13. Bibcode:1968ApJ...152.1005B. doi:10.1086/149613.
Lea, S. M.; Mushotzky, R.; Holt, S. S. Einstein Observatory solid state spectrometer observations of M87 and the Virgo cluster. Astrophysical Journal, Part 1. 1982, 262: 24–32. Bibcode:1982ApJ...262...24L. doi:10.1086/160392.
Kundu, Arunav; Whitmore, Bradley C. New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems. I. Colors, Distances, and Specific Frequencies of 28 Elliptical Galaxies. The Astronomical Journal. 2001, 121 (6): 2950–73. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.2950K. arXiv:astro-ph/0103021 . doi:10.1086/321073.
Chakrabarty, Dalia. Mass modelling with minimum kinematic information. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2007, 377 (1): 30–40. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.377...30C. arXiv:astro-ph/0702065 . doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11583.x.
Oemler, A., Jr. The structure of elliptical and cD galaxies. Astrophysical Journal. 1976, 209: 693–709. Bibcode:1976ApJ...209..693O. doi:10.1086/154769.
Bird, S.; Harris, W. E.; Blakeslee, J. P.; Flynn, C. The inner halo of M 87: a first direct view of the red-giant population. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2004, 524: 1–11. Bibcode:2010A&A...524A..71B. arXiv:1009.3202 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014876.
Cohen, Judith G.; Ryzhov, Anton. The Dynamics of the M87 Globular Cluster System. Astrophysical Journal. 1997, 486 (1): 230–241. Bibcode:1997ApJ...486..230C. arXiv:astro-ph/9704051 . doi:10.1086/304518.
Wu, Xiaoan; Tremaine, Scott. Deriving the Mass Distribution of M87 from Globular Clusters. The Astrophysical Journal. 2006, 643 (1): 210–21. Bibcode:2006ApJ...643..210W. arXiv:astro-ph/0508463 . doi:10.1086/501515.
Janowiecki, Steven; et al. Diffuse Tidal Structures in the Halos of Virgo Ellipticals. The Astrophysical Journal. 2010, 715 (2): 972–85. Bibcode:2010ApJ...715..972J. arXiv:1004.1473 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/715/2/972.
Merritt, David; Tremblay, Benoit. The distribution of dark matter in the halo of M87. The Astronomical Journal. 1993, 106 (6): 2229–42. Bibcode:1993AJ....106.2229M. doi:10.1086/116796.
Burns, J. O.; White, R. A.; Haynes, M. P. A search for neutral hydrogen in D and cD galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 1981, 86: 1120–25. Bibcode:1981AJ.....86.1120B. doi:10.1086/112992.
Doherty, M.; Arnaboldi, M.; Das, P.; Gerhard, O.; Aguerri, J. A. L.; Ciardullo, R.; Feldmeier, J. J.; Freeman, K. C.; Jacoby, G. H.; Murante, G. The edge of the M 87 halo and the kinematics of the diffuse light in the Virgo cluster core. Astronomy and Astrophysics. August 2009, 502 (3): 771–786. Bibcode:2009A&A...502..771D. arXiv:0905.1958 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811532.
Bland-Hawthorn, Joss; Freeman, Ken. The Baryon Halo of the Milky Way: A Fossil Record of Its Formation. Science. 7 January 2000, 287 (5450): 79–84. Bibcode:2000Sci...287...79B. PMID 10615053. doi:10.1126/science.287.5450.79.
Harris, William E.; Harris, Gretchen L. H.; McLaughlin, Dean E. M87, Globular Clusters, and Galactic Winds: Issues in Giant Galaxy Formation. The Astronomical Journal. 1998, 115 (5): 1801–22. Bibcode:1998AJ....115.1801H. arXiv:astro-ph/9801214 . doi:10.1086/300322. The authors give a metallicity of:
${\begin{smallmatrix}\left[{\frac {Fe}{H}}\right]\ =\ -0.3\end{smallmatrix}}$
within a 3 kpc radius of the galactic core.
Walsh, Jonelle L.; Barth, Aaron J.; Ho, Luis C.; Sarzi, Marc. The M87 Black Hole Mass from Gas-dynamical Models of Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Observations. The Astrophysical Journal. 2013, 770 (2): 86. Bibcode:2013ApJ...770...86W. arXiv:1304.7273 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/86.
Macchetto, F.; Marconi, A.; Axon, D. J.; Capetti, A.; Sparks, W.; Crane, P. The Supermassive Black Hole of M87 and the Kinematics of Its Associated Gaseous Disk. Astrophysical Journal. 1997, 489 (2): 579–600. Bibcode:1997ApJ...489..579M. arXiv:astro-ph/9706252 . doi:10.1086/304823.
Matveyenko, L. I.; Seleznev, S. V. Fine core-jet structure of the galaxy M87. Astronomy Letters. 2011, 37 (3): 154–70. Bibcode:2011AstL...37..154M. doi:10.1134/S1063773711030030.
Di Matteo, Tiziana; Allen, Steven W.; Fabian, Andrew C.; Wilson, Andrew S.; Young, Andrew J. Accretion onto the Supermassive Black Hole in M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2003, 582 (1): 133–40. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582..133D. arXiv:astro-ph/0202238 . doi:10.1086/344504.
Batcheldor, D.; Robinson, A.; Axon, D. J.; Perlman, E. S.; Merritt, D. A Displaced Supermassive Black Hole in M87. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2010, 717 (1): L6–L10. Bibcode:2010ApJ...717L...6B. arXiv:1005.2173 . doi:10.1088/2041-8205/717/1/L6.
Madrid, Juan P.; Harris, William E.; Blakeslee, John P.; Gómez, Matías. Structural Parameters of the Messier 87 Globular. The Astrophysical Journal. 2009, 705 (1): 237–44. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705..237M. arXiv:0909.0272 . doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/1/237. See Fig. 6. for a plot of the effective cluster radius versus galactocentric distance.
Dehnen, Walter. M 87 as a Galaxy. Hermann-Josef Röser; Klaus Meisenheimer (编). The radio galaxy Messier 87: proceedings of a workshop. Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, Germany: Springer: 31. 15–19 September 1997. Bibcode:1999LNP...530...31D. doi:10.1007/BFb0106415.
Werner, N.; Böhringer, H.; Kaastra, J. S.; de Plaa, J.; Simionescu, A.; Vink, J. XMM-Newton high-resolution spectroscopy reveals the chemical evolution of M 87. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2006, 459 (2): 353–60. Bibcode:2006A&A...459..353W. arXiv:astro-ph/0608177 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065678.
Shi, Y.; et al. Thermal and Nonthermal Infrared Emission from M87. The Astrophysical Journal. 2007, 655 (2): 781–89. Bibcode:2007ApJ...655..781S. arXiv:astro-ph/0610494 . doi:10.1086/510188.
Baes, M.; et al. The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. The far-infrared view of M 87. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 2010, 518: 1–4. Bibcode:2010A&A...518L..53B. arXiv:1005.3059 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014555.
Clemens, M. S.; et al. The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. III. A constraint on dust grain lifetime in early-type galaxies. Astronomy and Astrophysics. July 2010, 518: 1–4. Bibcode:2010A&A...518L..50C. arXiv:1005.3056 . doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014533.
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asiaa.sinica.edu.tw

ASIAA, GLT Team. 格陵蘭望遠鏡*與次毫米波特長基線干涉儀計畫. Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. [April 14, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-11）.

spacetelescope.org

Hubble follows spiral flow of black-hole-powered jet. ESA/Hubble Press Release. [6 September 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-31）.

tam.gov.tw

tamweb.tam.gov.tw

卜宏毅. 格陵蘭望遠鏡計畫 (PDF). 臺北市立天文館. 2015/8 [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-23）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
卜宏毅. 格陵蘭望遠鏡計畫 (PDF). 天文館期刊 (臺北市立天文科學教育館). August 2015, (69) [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-23）.

time.com

Jeffrey, K. These Are the First Pictures of a Black Hole — And That's a Big, Even Supermassive, Deal. 時代雜誌. 10 April 2019 [10 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-30）.

web.archive.org

J. L. Tonry, A. Dressler, J. P. Blakeslee, E. A. Ajhar, A. B. Fletcher, G. A. Luppino, M. R. Metzger, C. B. Moore. The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances. Astrophysical Journal. 2001, 546 (2): 681–693 [2008-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2008-02-14）.
Towards the 100th Anniversary of the Discovery of Cosmic Jets. Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics. [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-03-02）.
Hubble follows spiral flow of black-hole-powered jet. ESA/Hubble Press Release. [6 September 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-31）.
Drake, Stephen A. A Brief History of High-Energy Astronomy: 1965 - 1969. NASA HEASARC. [28 October 2011]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-14）.
Visual observations of the M87 jet. Adventures in Deep Space. Astronomy-Mall. [7 December 2010]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-07）.
Ventrudo, B. M87: Monster Galaxy in Virgo. One Minute Astronomer. [2016-05-30]. （原始内容存档于2016-06-24）.
Giant Galaxy is Still Growing. [25 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2017-08-12）.
Klotz, Irene. Galaxy's Outer Halo Lopped Off. Discovery News. 8 June 2009 [25 April 2010]. （原始内容存档于2009年8月23日）.
Longobardi, A; Arnobaldi, M; Gerhard, O; Mihos, J C. The build-up of the cD halo of M87 - evidence for accretion in the last Gyr. arXiv.org. Cornell University Library. [25 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2015-11-07）.
Cowen, Ron. Black hole shoved aside, along with 'central' dogma. ScienceNews. 9 June 2010, 177 (13): 9 [29 May 2010]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-28）.
Galactic Chromodynamics. ESO Picture of the Week. [14 October 2014]. （原始内容存档于2016-04-04）.
Aguilar.D.A; et al. Entire Star Cluster Thrown Out of its Galaxy. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. [2016-05-31]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-30）.
Tamura, Naoyuki; Sharples, Ray M.; Arimoto, Nobuo; Onodera, Masato; Ohta, Kouji; Yamada, Yoshihiko. A Subaru/Suprime-Cam wide-field survey of globular cluster populations around M87 - I. Observation, data analysis and luminosity function. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2006,. Online Early [2008-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-12）.
Roy, Steve; Watzke, Megan. Chandra Reviews Black Hole Musical: Epic But Off-Key. Chandra. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. October 2006 [25 April 2010]. （原始内容存档于2010-07-04）.
Wirsing, Bernd. Discovery of Gamma Rays from the Edge of a Black Hole. Max Planck Society. 26 October 2006 [3 December 2010]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-03）.
卜宏毅. 格陵蘭望遠鏡計畫 (PDF). 臺北市立天文館. 2015/8 [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-23）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
张梦然. 科学家确认人类观测史上最大最重黑洞. 科学日报. 2011-01-18 [2011-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
Jeffrey, K. These Are the First Pictures of a Black Hole — And That's a Big, Even Supermassive, Deal. 時代雜誌. 10 April 2019 [10 April 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-30）.
Overbye, Dennis. Black Hole Picture Revealed for the First Time - Astronomers at last have captured an image of the darkest entities in the cosmos - Comments. The New York Times. April 10, 2019 [April 10, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-28）.
Landau, Elizabeth. Black Hole Image Makes History. NASA. April 10, 2019 [April 10, 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-12）.
The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. I. The shadow of the supermassive black hole (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 10 April 2019, 875 (1): L1 [2023-08-01]. Bibcode:2019ApJ...875L...1E. S2CID 145906806. arXiv:1906.11238 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-06-03）.
存档副本. [2019-05-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-07）.
Karl Gebhardt et. al. THE BLACK HOLE MASS IN M87 FROM GEMINI/NIFS ADAPTIVE OPTICS OBSERVATIONS. The Astrophysical Journal. [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-24）.
Astronomers 'Weigh' Heaviest Known Black Hole in our Cosmic Neighborhood. Gemini Observatory/McDonald Observatory Press Release. January 14, 2011 [April 14, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-24）.
ASIAA, GLT Team. 格陵蘭望遠鏡*與次毫米波特長基線干涉儀計畫. Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. [April 14, 2016]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-11）.
卜宏毅. 格陵蘭望遠鏡計畫 (PDF). 天文館期刊 (臺北市立天文科學教育館). August 2015, (69) [2016-04-14]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-04-23）.
Ghosh, Pallab. First ever black hole image released. 2019-04-10 [2019-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-10）（英国英语）.
天文学家首次为M87黑洞拍摄“全景”照片--经济・科技--人民网. 经济・科技--人民网. 2023-04-27 [2023-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-24）（中文）.
VIRGO CLUSTER. NASA-IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED). [2012-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-10）.
"Chandra Reviews Black Hole Musical: Epic But Off-Key" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, October 2006

webcitation.org

NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Results for NGC 4486. [2006-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-07）.