性別不一致 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "性別不一致" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

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21doi.org

2^nd place

23^rd place

20web.archive.org

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12nih.gov

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8semanticscholar.org

11^th place

332^nd place

5who.int

195^th place

179^th place

3psychiatry.org

low place

3archive.org

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2books.google.com

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2dsm5.org

low place

1wpath.org

low place

1wikisource.org

27^th place

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1britannica.com

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1nhs.uk

1,989^th place

2,409^th place

1gendertalk.com

low place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

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1behavenet.com

low place

5,987^th place

1archive.today

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1academia.edu

121^st place

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1researchgate.net

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1thelancet.com

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1glma.org

low place

1apa.org

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936^th place

academia.edu

Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis P, Winter S. Minding the body: situating gender identity diagnoses in the ICD-11. International Review of Psychiatry. December 2012, 24 (6): 568–77 [2022-01-08]. PMID 23244612. S2CID 12805083. doi:10.3109/09540261.2012.741575. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. Until the middle of the 20th century, with rare exceptions, transgender presentations were usually classified as psychopathological.

apa.org

APA Policy Statements on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Concerns (PDF). American Psychological Association. 2011 [August 27, 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-01-21）. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that APA recognizes the efficacy, benefit, and necessity of gender transition treatments for appropriately evaluated individuals and calls upon public and private insurers to cover these medically necessary treatments;

archive.org

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013: 451–460. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.
American Psychiatry Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) 5th. Washington, DC and London: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013: 451–460. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
Davidson, Michelle R. A Nurse's Guide to Women's Mental Health. Springer Publishing Company. 2012: 114. ISBN 0826171133.

archive.today

Gender incongruence (ICD-11). icd.who.int. WHO. [August 28, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-01）.

behavenet.com

Diagnostic criteria for Gender Identity Disorder 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-06-21. - DSM-IV & DSM-IV (TR)

books.google.com

Maddux JE, Winstead BA. Psychopathology: Foundations for a Contemporary Understanding. Routledge. 2015: 464–465 [2020-08-26]. ISBN 978-1317697992. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.
Lawrence AA. Gender Dysphoria. Beidel DC, Frueh BC (编). Adult Psychopathology and Diagnosis 8th. John Wiley & Sons. 2018: 634 [2022-01-08]. ISBN 978-1-119-38360-4. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), for example, defined GD as “discomfort or distress that is caused by a discrepancy between a person’s gender identity and that person’s sex assigned at birth (and the associated gender role and/or primary and secondary sex characteristics)”

britannica.com

Bryant, Karl. Gender Dysphoria. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2018 [August 16, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-18）.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Coleman E. Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7 (PDF). International Journal of Transgenderism (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group). 2011, 13 (4): 165–232 [August 30, 2014]. S2CID 39664779. doi:10.1080/15532739.2011.700873. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于August 2, 2014）.
中华医学会精神病学分会. 中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版(精神障碍分类) 34 (3). 中华精神科杂志. 2011. doi:10.3760/j:issn:1006-7884.2001.03.028 （中文（简体））.
Fraser, L; Karasic, D; Meyer, W; Wylie, K. Recommendations for Revision of the DSM Diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder in Adults. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2010, 12 (2): 80–85. S2CID 144409977. doi:10.1080/15532739.2010.509202.
Newman, L. Sex, Gender and Culture: Issues in the Definition, Assessment and Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. July 1, 2002, 7 (3): 352–359. S2CID 145666729. doi:10.1177/1359104502007003004.
Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, Schelfaut C, Elaut E, Vanden Bossche H, De Baere E, T'Sjoen G. Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. March 2012, 9 (3): 751–7. PMID 22146048. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x. Of 23 monozygotic female and male twins, nine (39.1%) were concordant for GID; in contrast, none of the 21 same‐sex dizygotic female and male twins were concordant for GID, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005)... These findings suggest a role for genetic factors in the development of GID.
Diamond, Milton. Transsexuality Among Twins: Identity Concordance, Transition, Rearing, and Orientation. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2013, 14 (1): 24–38. S2CID 144330783. doi:10.1080/15532739.2013.750222. Combining data from the present survey with those from past-published reports, 20% of all male and female monozygotic twin pairs were found concordant for transsexual identity... The responses of our twins relative to their rearing, along with our findings regarding some of their experiences during childhood and adolescence show their identity was much more influenced by their genetics than their rearing.
Zucker, Kenneth J.; Lawrence, Anne A.; Kreukels, Baudewijntje P.C. Gender Dysphoria in Adults. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2016, 12: 217–247. PMID 26788901. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093034. [For DSM-5] a reconceptualization was articulated in which 'identity' per se was not considered a sign of a mental disorder. Rather, it was the incongruence between one’s felt gender and assigned sex/gender (usually at birth) leading to distress and/or impairment that was the core feature of the diagnosis.
Lev, Arlene Istar. Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back. Clinical Social Work Journal. 2013, 41 (3): 288–296. S2CID 144556484. doi:10.1007/s10615-013-0447-0. [Despite some misgivings], I think that the change in nomenclature from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5 is a step forward, that is, removing the concept of gender as the site of the disorder and placing the focus on issues of distress and dysphoria.
Guillamon A, Junque C, Gómez-Gil E. A Review of the Status of Brain Structure Research in Transsexualism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. October 2016, 45 (7): 1615–48. PMC 4987404 . PMID 27255307. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0768-5.
Ansara, Y. Gavriel; Hegarty, Peter. Cisgenderism in psychology: pathologising and misgendering children from 1999 to 2008. Psychology and Sexuality. 2012, 3 (2): 137–60. doi:10.1080/19419899.2011.576696.
Diemer EW, Grant JD, Munn-Chernoff MA, Patterson DA, Duncan AE. Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Eating-Related Pathology in a National Sample of College Students. The Journal of Adolescent Health. August 2015, 57 (2): 144–9. PMC 4545276 . PMID 25937471. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.003.
Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, Schelfaut C, Elaut E, Vanden Bossche H, De Baere E, T'Sjoen G. Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. March 2012, 9 (3): 751–7. PMID 22146048. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x. Of 23 monozygotic female and male twins, nine (39.1%) were concordant for GID; in contrast, none of the 21 same‐sex dizygotic female and male twins were concordant for GID, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005)... These findings suggest a role for genetic factors in the development of GID.
Diamond, Milton. Transsexuality Among Twins: Identity Concordance, Transition, Rearing, and Orientation. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2013, 14 (1): 24–38. S2CID 144330783. doi:10.1080/15532739.2013.750222. Combining data from the present survey with those from past-published reports, 20% of all male and female monozygotic twin pairs were found concordant for transsexual identity... The responses of our twins relative to their rearing, along with our findings regarding some of their experiences during childhood and adolescence show their identity was much more influenced by their genetics than their rearing.
Rosenthal, Stephen M. Approach to the Patient: Transgender Youth: Endocrine Considerations. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2014-12-01, 99 (12): 4379–4389. ISSN 0021-972X. PMID 25140398. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1919  （英语）.
Potts, S; Bhugra, D. Classification of sexual disorders. International Review of Psychiatry. 1995, 7 (2): 167–174. doi:10.3109/09540269509028323.
Reed GM, Drescher J, Krueger RB, Atalla E, Cochran SD, First MB, et al. Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD-11: revising the ICD-10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations. World Psychiatry. October 2016, 15 (3): 205–221. PMC 5032510 . PMID 27717275. doi:10.1002/wps.20354. The ICD‐10 classification of Sexual dysfunctions (F52) is based on a Cartesian separation of “organic” and “non‐organic” conditions.
Reed GM, Drescher J, Krueger RB, Atalla E, Cochran SD, First MB, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Arango-de Montis I, Parish SJ, Cottler S, Briken P, Saxena S. Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD-11: revising the ICD-10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations. World Psychiatry. October 2016, 15 (3): 205–221. PMC 5032510 . PMID 27717275. doi:10.1002/wps.20354.
Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis P, Winter S. Minding the body: situating gender identity diagnoses in the ICD-11. International Review of Psychiatry. December 2012, 24 (6): 568–77 [2022-01-08]. PMID 23244612. S2CID 12805083. doi:10.3109/09540261.2012.741575. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. Until the middle of the 20th century, with rare exceptions, transgender presentations were usually classified as psychopathological.
Cohen-Kettenis PT, Pfäfflin F. The DSM diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder in adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior. April 2010, 39 (2): 499–513. PMID 19838784. S2CID 16336939. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9562-y. The DSM has consistently approached gender problems from the position that a divergence between the assigned sex or “the” physical sex (assuming that “physical sex” is a one-dimensional construct) and “the” psychological sex (gender) per se signals a psychiatric disorder. Although the terminology and place of the gender identity disorders in the DSM have varied in the different versions, the distress about one’s assigned sex has remained, since DSM-III, the core feature of the diagnosis.
Robles R, Fresán A, Vega-Ramírez H, Cruz-Islas J, Rodríguez-Pérez V, Domínguez-Martínez T, Reed GM. Removing transgender identity from the classification of mental disorders: a Mexican field study for ICD-11. The Lancet. Psychiatry. September 2016, 3 (9): 850–9 [2022-01-08]. PMID 27474250. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30165-1. （原始内容存档于2021-07-05）.
Committee On Adolescence. Office-based care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth. Pediatrics. July 2013, 132 (1): 198–203. PMID 23796746. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-1282 . However, adolescents with multiple or anonymous partners, having unprotected intercourse, or having substance abuse issues should be tested at shorter intervals.

dsm5.org

Gender Dysphoria in Children. American Psychiatric Association. May 4, 2011 [July 3, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-14）.
P 00 Gender Dysphoria in Children. American Psychiatric Association. [April 2, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-14）.

gendertalk.com

Dorlands Medical Dictionary. [2007-05-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-24）.

glma.org

www.glma.org Compendium of Health Profession Association LGBT Policy & Position Statements (PDF). GLMA. 2013 [August 27, 2013]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-11-09）.

nhs.uk

Gender dysphoria. 英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）. 2017-10-23 [2022-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-20）（英语）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, Schelfaut C, Elaut E, Vanden Bossche H, De Baere E, T'Sjoen G. Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. March 2012, 9 (3): 751–7. PMID 22146048. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x. Of 23 monozygotic female and male twins, nine (39.1%) were concordant for GID; in contrast, none of the 21 same‐sex dizygotic female and male twins were concordant for GID, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005)... These findings suggest a role for genetic factors in the development of GID.
Zucker, Kenneth J.; Lawrence, Anne A.; Kreukels, Baudewijntje P.C. Gender Dysphoria in Adults. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2016, 12: 217–247. PMID 26788901. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093034. [For DSM-5] a reconceptualization was articulated in which 'identity' per se was not considered a sign of a mental disorder. Rather, it was the incongruence between one’s felt gender and assigned sex/gender (usually at birth) leading to distress and/or impairment that was the core feature of the diagnosis.
Guillamon A, Junque C, Gómez-Gil E. A Review of the Status of Brain Structure Research in Transsexualism. Archives of Sexual Behavior. October 2016, 45 (7): 1615–48. PMC 4987404 . PMID 27255307. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0768-5.
Diemer EW, Grant JD, Munn-Chernoff MA, Patterson DA, Duncan AE. Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Eating-Related Pathology in a National Sample of College Students. The Journal of Adolescent Health. August 2015, 57 (2): 144–9. PMC 4545276 . PMID 25937471. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.003.
Heylens G, De Cuypere G, Zucker KJ, Schelfaut C, Elaut E, Vanden Bossche H, De Baere E, T'Sjoen G. Gender identity disorder in twins: a review of the case report literature. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. March 2012, 9 (3): 751–7. PMID 22146048. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02567.x. Of 23 monozygotic female and male twins, nine (39.1%) were concordant for GID; in contrast, none of the 21 same‐sex dizygotic female and male twins were concordant for GID, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005)... These findings suggest a role for genetic factors in the development of GID.
Rosenthal, Stephen M. Approach to the Patient: Transgender Youth: Endocrine Considerations. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2014-12-01, 99 (12): 4379–4389. ISSN 0021-972X. PMID 25140398. doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1919  （英语）.
Reed GM, Drescher J, Krueger RB, Atalla E, Cochran SD, First MB, et al. Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD-11: revising the ICD-10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations. World Psychiatry. October 2016, 15 (3): 205–221. PMC 5032510 . PMID 27717275. doi:10.1002/wps.20354. The ICD‐10 classification of Sexual dysfunctions (F52) is based on a Cartesian separation of “organic” and “non‐organic” conditions.
Reed GM, Drescher J, Krueger RB, Atalla E, Cochran SD, First MB, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Arango-de Montis I, Parish SJ, Cottler S, Briken P, Saxena S. Disorders related to sexuality and gender identity in the ICD-11: revising the ICD-10 classification based on current scientific evidence, best clinical practices, and human rights considerations. World Psychiatry. October 2016, 15 (3): 205–221. PMC 5032510 . PMID 27717275. doi:10.1002/wps.20354.
Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis P, Winter S. Minding the body: situating gender identity diagnoses in the ICD-11. International Review of Psychiatry. December 2012, 24 (6): 568–77 [2022-01-08]. PMID 23244612. S2CID 12805083. doi:10.3109/09540261.2012.741575. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. Until the middle of the 20th century, with rare exceptions, transgender presentations were usually classified as psychopathological.
Cohen-Kettenis PT, Pfäfflin F. The DSM diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder in adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior. April 2010, 39 (2): 499–513. PMID 19838784. S2CID 16336939. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9562-y. The DSM has consistently approached gender problems from the position that a divergence between the assigned sex or “the” physical sex (assuming that “physical sex” is a one-dimensional construct) and “the” psychological sex (gender) per se signals a psychiatric disorder. Although the terminology and place of the gender identity disorders in the DSM have varied in the different versions, the distress about one’s assigned sex has remained, since DSM-III, the core feature of the diagnosis.
Robles R, Fresán A, Vega-Ramírez H, Cruz-Islas J, Rodríguez-Pérez V, Domínguez-Martínez T, Reed GM. Removing transgender identity from the classification of mental disorders: a Mexican field study for ICD-11. The Lancet. Psychiatry. September 2016, 3 (9): 850–9 [2022-01-08]. PMID 27474250. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30165-1. （原始内容存档于2021-07-05）.
Committee On Adolescence. Office-based care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth. Pediatrics. July 2013, 132 (1): 198–203. PMID 23796746. doi:10.1542/peds.2013-1282 . However, adolescents with multiple or anonymous partners, having unprotected intercourse, or having substance abuse issues should be tested at shorter intervals.

psychiatry.org

Gender Dysphoria (PDF). American Psychiatric Publishing. [December 24, 2016]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-12-29）.
American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Fact Sheets, Updated Disorders: Gender Dysphoria （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 2013): 2 ("DSM-5 aims to avoid stigma and ensure clinical care for individuals who see and feel themselves to be a different gender than their assigned gender. It replaces the diagnostic name 'gender identity disorder' with 'gender dysphoria', as well as makes other important clarifications in the criteria.").
Ranna Parekh. What Is Gender Dysphoria?. American Psychiatric Publishing. [November 20, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-14）.

researchgate.net

Cohen-Kettenis PT, Pfäfflin F. The DSM diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder in adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior. April 2010, 39 (2): 499–513. PMID 19838784. S2CID 16336939. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9562-y. The DSM has consistently approached gender problems from the position that a divergence between the assigned sex or “the” physical sex (assuming that “physical sex” is a one-dimensional construct) and “the” psychological sex (gender) per se signals a psychiatric disorder. Although the terminology and place of the gender identity disorders in the DSM have varied in the different versions, the distress about one’s assigned sex has remained, since DSM-III, the core feature of the diagnosis.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Coleman E. Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7 (PDF). International Journal of Transgenderism (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group). 2011, 13 (4): 165–232 [August 30, 2014]. S2CID 39664779. doi:10.1080/15532739.2011.700873. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于August 2, 2014）.
Fraser, L; Karasic, D; Meyer, W; Wylie, K. Recommendations for Revision of the DSM Diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder in Adults. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2010, 12 (2): 80–85. S2CID 144409977. doi:10.1080/15532739.2010.509202.
Newman, L. Sex, Gender and Culture: Issues in the Definition, Assessment and Treatment of Gender Identity Disorder. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. July 1, 2002, 7 (3): 352–359. S2CID 145666729. doi:10.1177/1359104502007003004.
Diamond, Milton. Transsexuality Among Twins: Identity Concordance, Transition, Rearing, and Orientation. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2013, 14 (1): 24–38. S2CID 144330783. doi:10.1080/15532739.2013.750222. Combining data from the present survey with those from past-published reports, 20% of all male and female monozygotic twin pairs were found concordant for transsexual identity... The responses of our twins relative to their rearing, along with our findings regarding some of their experiences during childhood and adolescence show their identity was much more influenced by their genetics than their rearing.
Lev, Arlene Istar. Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back. Clinical Social Work Journal. 2013, 41 (3): 288–296. S2CID 144556484. doi:10.1007/s10615-013-0447-0. [Despite some misgivings], I think that the change in nomenclature from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5 is a step forward, that is, removing the concept of gender as the site of the disorder and placing the focus on issues of distress and dysphoria.
Diamond, Milton. Transsexuality Among Twins: Identity Concordance, Transition, Rearing, and Orientation. International Journal of Transgenderism. 2013, 14 (1): 24–38. S2CID 144330783. doi:10.1080/15532739.2013.750222. Combining data from the present survey with those from past-published reports, 20% of all male and female monozygotic twin pairs were found concordant for transsexual identity... The responses of our twins relative to their rearing, along with our findings regarding some of their experiences during childhood and adolescence show their identity was much more influenced by their genetics than their rearing.
Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis P, Winter S. Minding the body: situating gender identity diagnoses in the ICD-11. International Review of Psychiatry. December 2012, 24 (6): 568–77 [2022-01-08]. PMID 23244612. S2CID 12805083. doi:10.3109/09540261.2012.741575. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. Until the middle of the 20th century, with rare exceptions, transgender presentations were usually classified as psychopathological.
Cohen-Kettenis PT, Pfäfflin F. The DSM diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder in adolescents and adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior. April 2010, 39 (2): 499–513. PMID 19838784. S2CID 16336939. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9562-y. The DSM has consistently approached gender problems from the position that a divergence between the assigned sex or “the” physical sex (assuming that “physical sex” is a one-dimensional construct) and “the” psychological sex (gender) per se signals a psychiatric disorder. Although the terminology and place of the gender identity disorders in the DSM have varied in the different versions, the distress about one’s assigned sex has remained, since DSM-III, the core feature of the diagnosis.

thelancet.com

Robles R, Fresán A, Vega-Ramírez H, Cruz-Islas J, Rodríguez-Pérez V, Domínguez-Martínez T, Reed GM. Removing transgender identity from the classification of mental disorders: a Mexican field study for ICD-11. The Lancet. Psychiatry. September 2016, 3 (9): 850–9 [2022-01-08]. PMID 27474250. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30165-1. （原始内容存档于2021-07-05）.

web.archive.org

用于死因与疾病统计的ICD-11. icd.who.int. [2022-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-15）.
Gender Dysphoria (PDF). American Psychiatric Publishing. [December 24, 2016]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2016-12-29）.
Coleman E. Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7 (PDF). International Journal of Transgenderism (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group). 2011, 13 (4): 165–232 [August 30, 2014]. S2CID 39664779. doi:10.1080/15532739.2011.700873. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于August 2, 2014）.
Maddux JE, Winstead BA. Psychopathology: Foundations for a Contemporary Understanding. Routledge. 2015: 464–465 [2020-08-26]. ISBN 978-1317697992. （原始内容存档于2020-06-05）.
American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Fact Sheets, Updated Disorders: Gender Dysphoria （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 2013): 2 ("DSM-5 aims to avoid stigma and ensure clinical care for individuals who see and feel themselves to be a different gender than their assigned gender. It replaces the diagnostic name 'gender identity disorder' with 'gender dysphoria', as well as makes other important clarifications in the criteria.").
Ranna Parekh. What Is Gender Dysphoria?. American Psychiatric Publishing. [November 20, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-14）.
Bryant, Karl. Gender Dysphoria. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2018 [August 16, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-18）.
Gender dysphoria. 英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）. 2017-10-23 [2022-01-07]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-20）（英语）.
Dorlands Medical Dictionary. [2007-05-26]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-24）.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD) F64 Gender identity disorders. World Health Organization. [9 August 2018]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-08）.
International Classification of Diseases. World Health Organization. [11 August 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-02）.
Diagnostic criteria for Gender Identity Disorder 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-06-21. - DSM-IV & DSM-IV (TR)
Gender Dysphoria in Children. American Psychiatric Association. May 4, 2011 [July 3, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-14）.
P 00 Gender Dysphoria in Children. American Psychiatric Association. [April 2, 2012]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-14）.
International Classification of Diseases. World Health Organization. [August 11, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-02）.
Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis P, Winter S. Minding the body: situating gender identity diagnoses in the ICD-11. International Review of Psychiatry. December 2012, 24 (6): 568–77 [2022-01-08]. PMID 23244612. S2CID 12805083. doi:10.3109/09540261.2012.741575. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. Until the middle of the 20th century, with rare exceptions, transgender presentations were usually classified as psychopathological.
Lawrence AA. Gender Dysphoria. Beidel DC, Frueh BC (编). Adult Psychopathology and Diagnosis 8th. John Wiley & Sons. 2018: 634 [2022-01-08]. ISBN 978-1-119-38360-4. （原始内容存档于2022-01-08）. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), for example, defined GD as “discomfort or distress that is caused by a discrepancy between a person’s gender identity and that person’s sex assigned at birth (and the associated gender role and/or primary and secondary sex characteristics)”
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