Carvalho, M.R.; Maisey, J.G.; Grande, L. Freshwater stingrays of the Green River Formation of Wyoming (early Eocene), with the description of a new genus and species and an analysis of its phylogenetic relationships (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes).. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 2004, 284: 1–136. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)284<0001:FSOTGR>2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/452.
Carvalho, M.R.; Maisey, J.G.; Grande, L. Freshwater stingrays of the Green River Formation of Wyoming (early Eocene), with the description of a new genus and species and an analysis of its phylogenetic relationships (Chondrichthyes, Myliobatiformes).. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 2004, 284: 1–136. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)284<0001:FSOTGR>2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/452.