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木扎尔特达坂 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "木扎尔特达坂" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite
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14web.archive.org
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5books.google.com
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2worldcat.org
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1americanalpineclub.org
7,325th place
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1dili360.com
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1wikisource.org
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1washington.edu
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1dtic.mil
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1horsethatleaps.com
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1washingtonexaminer.com
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1doi.org
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1openedition.org
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1qikanchina.net
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1china.org.cn
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americanalpineclub.org

publications.americanalpineclub.org

  • Paul Knott; Bruce Normand. Untapped Potential, Exploring the Chinese Central Tien Shan. American Alpine Journal. 2009 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-12）. The historic Xiate Trail traverses the range from north to south. This was an important trade route from Ili over to the Muzart Gorge, and hence to the Aksu region and southern Xinjiang. The trail is notable for crossing glacial terrain and a high pass at 3,582 meters. ... A short drive from Zhaosu took us to the roadhead at Xiate Hot Springs (2,380m). ... the authorities are developing the Xiate Valley as a tourist center. A new concrete bridge and hotel are under construction at the hot springs and an upgrade of the access road is mostly complete. ... Above the pastures we followed a good trail over the Muzart Pass (3,582m) to a base camp at Hadamuzi (3,525m), a beautiful meadow overlooking the Muzart (Benzhaerte) Glacier directly opposite Baiyu Feng. 

books.google.com

  • Journal of the Society of Arts. The Society. 1873: 321 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. Next, the Muzat Pass, leading between Aksu and Russian Kulja, lies over a formidable glacier, where I am assured that 40 men are kept at work in the summer roughing the ice for the passage of the caravans. 
  • Henry Lansdell. Chinese Central Asia: A Ride to Little Tibet. Scribner. 1894: 200,279 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. (p200) The third and shortest route was up the Tekes valley, and over the Muzart, or Ice Pass (p279) Over the Muz-Davan, or Ice Pass ... Hiuen Tsiang, my worthy and only predecessor of note in this portion of the Pas 
  • E.J. van Donzel; Andrea Schmidt. Gog and Magog in Early Eastern Christian and Islamic Sources: Sallam's Quest for Alexander's Wall. BRILL. 17 May 2010: 248–249 [2022-03-28]. ISBN 978-90-474-2762-9. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. Xuanzang could have attacked the mountain ... where the road to Kuldja leads to the 'Muzart Art' or Icy Pass ... Chavannes and Smith, however, are of the opinion that Xuanzang took the Bedel Pass. 
  • Arminius Vambery. The Tekes Valley and the Muzart Pass. Ocean Highways: The Geographical Record (N. Trübner and Company). 1874: 92–93 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. The road from Kuldja to Aksu cuts right across the Tekes valley, climbs the ridges of the Tien-shan, and sinks gradually down to Aksu. During the period of Chinese rule this was the main artery of communication between Ili district and Kashgar ... At the entrance of the so-called Muzart Pass the road turns on both sides of the Muzart brook. ... the Russians will take care to re-establish this road 
  • Hodong Kim. Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia, 1864-1877. Stanford University Press. 25 February 2004: 141 [2022-03-28]. ISBN 978-0-8047-6723-1. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. The Russian army took a preemptive measure by blocking the Muzart pass to cut the road from Kashgaria to Kulja. 

china.org.cn

dili360.com

  • 李剑. 从北疆到南疆 219国道 如何穿越南天山？. 中国国家地理. 2021-10-18 [23 February 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. 经过勘察这条线路有两个方案：西线走廊，昭苏县至温宿县，部分路线与夏特古道重合，里程445公里；东线走廊，特克斯县至拜城县，部分线路与乌孙古道重合，里程580公里。两条线路都需要打隧道才能通过达坂，昭苏至温宿线需要长度16公里的隧道；特克斯至拜城线需要长度40—80公里的隧道，工程难度更大。 

doi.org

dtic.mil

apps.dtic.mil

  • Jesse Wang. The Military Significance of the Sino-soviet Border in Central Asia (PDF). Army War College. 19 March 1971 [5 February 2020]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-02-05）. In September 1879, Chinese Ambassador Chunghow had signed the Treaty of Livadia, by which the western, richer and larger part of the Ili valley area; the passes through the T'ien Shan, especially the Muzart Pass for the military road between Kuldja and Aksu; and five million rubles for occupation expenses were to be given to Russia. ... Much maneuvering took place among European powers who did not wish Russia to gain too much of an advantage in China. ... Russia and China went to the brink of a border war before Marquis Tseng Ki-tse (Tseng Chi-Tse), a replacement ambassador, negotiated the Treaty of St. Petersburg 

horsethatleaps.com

  • Eric Enno Tamm. The Horse that Leaps Through Clouds. Retracing Mannerheim's Journey Across Asia. Horse That Leaps Through Clouds. 2012 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-30）. Gustaf Mannerheim ventured northward to the foothills of the Tian Shan range. The Chief of the Russian General Staff had instructed him to conduct reconnaissance of the alpine passes and ethnic groups living in the shadow of the Tian Shan range. He left Kashgar on January 25, 1907 for a gruelling six-month trek that would bring him to Urumqi, the regional capital of Xinjiang. ... Mannerheim made a hundred-kilometre trek across the Tian Shan range through the Muzart Pass 

openedition.org

journals.openedition.org

qikanchina.net

  • 刘红忠. 木扎尔特口岸. 新疆地方志. 1993-04-14 [4 February 2020]. ISSN 1004-1826. （原始内容存档于2020-02-05） （中文）. 木扎尔特口岸 ... 夏塔至南疆的公路打通后,南疆的货物可由此出口。 

washington.edu

depts.washington.edu

washingtonexaminer.com

  • Christopher Caldwell. Start to Finnish. Washington Examiner. 11 August 2017 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-31）. It was an 8,000-mile spying expedition. Russia was drawing up plans to invade China from the west—but failed to. 

web.archive.org

  • Paul Knott; Bruce Normand. Untapped Potential, Exploring the Chinese Central Tien Shan. American Alpine Journal. 2009 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-12）. The historic Xiate Trail traverses the range from north to south. This was an important trade route from Ili over to the Muzart Gorge, and hence to the Aksu region and southern Xinjiang. The trail is notable for crossing glacial terrain and a high pass at 3,582 meters. ... A short drive from Zhaosu took us to the roadhead at Xiate Hot Springs (2,380m). ... the authorities are developing the Xiate Valley as a tourist center. A new concrete bridge and hotel are under construction at the hot springs and an upgrade of the access road is mostly complete. ... Above the pastures we followed a good trail over the Muzart Pass (3,582m) to a base camp at Hadamuzi (3,525m), a beautiful meadow overlooking the Muzart (Benzhaerte) Glacier directly opposite Baiyu Feng. 
  • Journal of the Society of Arts. The Society. 1873: 321 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. Next, the Muzat Pass, leading between Aksu and Russian Kulja, lies over a formidable glacier, where I am assured that 40 men are kept at work in the summer roughing the ice for the passage of the caravans. 
  • 李剑. 从北疆到南疆 219国道 如何穿越南天山？. 中国国家地理. 2021-10-18 [23 February 2022]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. 经过勘察这条线路有两个方案：西线走廊，昭苏县至温宿县，部分路线与夏特古道重合，里程445公里；东线走廊，特克斯县至拜城县，部分线路与乌孙古道重合，里程580公里。两条线路都需要打隧道才能通过达坂，昭苏至温宿线需要长度16公里的隧道；特克斯至拜城线需要长度40—80公里的隧道，工程难度更大。 
  • Henry Lansdell. Chinese Central Asia: A Ride to Little Tibet. Scribner. 1894: 200,279 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. (p200) The third and shortest route was up the Tekes valley, and over the Muzart, or Ice Pass (p279) Over the Muz-Davan, or Ice Pass ... Hiuen Tsiang, my worthy and only predecessor of note in this portion of the Pas 
  • E.J. van Donzel; Andrea Schmidt. Gog and Magog in Early Eastern Christian and Islamic Sources: Sallam's Quest for Alexander's Wall. BRILL. 17 May 2010: 248–249 [2022-03-28]. ISBN 978-90-474-2762-9. （原始内容存档于2022-06-11）. Xuanzang could have attacked the mountain ... where the road to Kuldja leads to the 'Muzart Art' or Icy Pass ... Chavannes and Smith, however, are of the opinion that Xuanzang took the Bedel Pass. 
  • John E. Hill. Section 20 – The Kingdom of Suoche 莎车 (Yarkand).. Notes to The Western Regions according to the Hou Hanshu 2nd. Washington University. July 2003 [3 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-23）. Neolithic artefacts from 5000 BC have been discovered in the Aksu area. By the first century BC news had reached the Chinese imperial court of the Kingdom of Baluka, one of the 36 kingdoms of the Western Regions. 
  • Arminius Vambery. The Tekes Valley and the Muzart Pass. Ocean Highways: The Geographical Record (N. Trübner and Company). 1874: 92–93 [2022-03-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. The road from Kuldja to Aksu cuts right across the Tekes valley, climbs the ridges of the Tien-shan, and sinks gradually down to Aksu. During the period of Chinese rule this was the main artery of communication between Ili district and Kashgar ... At the entrance of the so-called Muzart Pass the road turns on both sides of the Muzart brook. ... the Russians will take care to re-establish this road 
  • Hodong Kim. Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia, 1864-1877. Stanford University Press. 25 February 2004: 141 [2022-03-28]. ISBN 978-0-8047-6723-1. （原始内容存档于2022-05-13）. The Russian army took a preemptive measure by blocking the Muzart pass to cut the road from Kashgaria to Kulja. 
  • Jesse Wang. The Military Significance of the Sino-soviet Border in Central Asia (PDF). Army War College. 19 March 1971 [5 February 2020]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-02-05）. In September 1879, Chinese Ambassador Chunghow had signed the Treaty of Livadia, by which the western, richer and larger part of the Ili valley area; the passes through the T'ien Shan, especially the Muzart Pass for the military road between Kuldja and Aksu; and five million rubles for occupation expenses were to be given to Russia. ... Much maneuvering took place among European powers who did not wish Russia to gain too much of an advantage in China. ... Russia and China went to the brink of a border war before Marquis Tseng Ki-tse (Tseng Chi-Tse), a replacement ambassador, negotiated the Treaty of St. Petersburg 
  • Eric Enno Tamm. The Horse that Leaps Through Clouds. Retracing Mannerheim's Journey Across Asia. Horse That Leaps Through Clouds. 2012 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-30）. Gustaf Mannerheim ventured northward to the foothills of the Tian Shan range. The Chief of the Russian General Staff had instructed him to conduct reconnaissance of the alpine passes and ethnic groups living in the shadow of the Tian Shan range. He left Kashgar on January 25, 1907 for a gruelling six-month trek that would bring him to Urumqi, the regional capital of Xinjiang. ... Mannerheim made a hundred-kilometre trek across the Tian Shan range through the Muzart Pass 
  • Christopher Caldwell. Start to Finnish. Washington Examiner. 11 August 2017 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-31）. It was an 8,000-mile spying expedition. Russia was drawing up plans to invade China from the west—but failed to. 
  • Peyrouse, Sébastien. Chinese Economic Presence in Kazakhstan. China Perspectives. 2008, 2008 (3): 34–49 [2022-03-28]. ISSN 2070-3449. doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.4053. （原始内容存档于2022-03-29）. A sixth post, Narynkol-Muzart, located near the Kyrgyz border, which opened in 1992, has closed due to lack of traffic. 
  • 刘红忠. 木扎尔特口岸. 新疆地方志. 1993-04-14 [4 February 2020]. ISSN 1004-1826. （原始内容存档于2020-02-05） （中文）. 木扎尔特口岸 ... 夏塔至南疆的公路打通后,南疆的货物可由此出口。 
  • Road to paradise. China.org.cn. July 2, 2010 [4 February 2020]. （原始内容存档于2011-01-25）. 

wikisource.org

zh.wikisource.org

worldcat.org