References analysis of the Wikipedia article "杰西·华盛顿私刑事件" in the Chinese version

archive.org

SoRelle 2007，第183–184頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

Wood 2009，第179–180頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

SoRelle 2007，第185頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

SoRelle 2007，第185–186頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

SoRelle 2007，第186–187頁; Berg 2011，第102頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Berg, Manfred. Popular Justice: A History of Lynching in America. Government Institutes. 2011. ISBN 978-1-56663-802-9.

SoRelle 2007，第186–187頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

SoRelle 2007，第188頁; Waldrep 2009，第66–67頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Waldrep, Christopher. African Americans Confront Lynching: Strategies of Resistance from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Era. Rowman & Littlefield. 2009. ISBN 978-0-7425-5272-2.

SoRelle 2007，第188–189頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

SoRelle 2007，第189–191頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

SoRelle 2007，第189–191頁; Carrigan 2006，第1頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Carrigan, William D. The Making of a Lynching Culture: Violence and Vigilantism in Central Texas, 1836–1916. University of Illinois Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-252-07430-1.

SoRelle 2007，第189–191頁; Waldrep 2009，第67頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Waldrep, Christopher. African Americans Confront Lynching: Strategies of Resistance from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Era. Rowman & Littlefield. 2009. ISBN 978-0-7425-5272-2.

Wood 2009，第181頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

Wood 2009，第66頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

SoRelle 2007，第189–191頁; DuRocher 2011，第104頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. DuRocher, Kristina. Raising Racists: The Socialization of White Children in the Jim Crow South. University Press of Kentucky. 2011. ISBN 978-0-8131-3001-9.

Wood 2009，第179頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

Apel 2004，第31–32頁. Apel, Dora. Imagery of Lynching: Black Men, White Women, and the Mob. Rutgers University Press. 2004. ISBN 978-0-8135-3459-6.

Wood 2009，第180頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

Bernstein 2006，第11頁; SoRelle 2007，第191–193頁. Bernstein, Patricia. The First Waco Horror: The Lynching of Jesse Washington and the Rise of the NAACP. Texas A&M University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-1-58544-544-8. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

Wood 2009，第181頁; SoRelle 2007，第195頁; Bernstein 2006，第181頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Bernstein, Patricia. The First Waco Horror: The Lynching of Jesse Washington and the Rise of the NAACP. Texas A&M University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-1-58544-544-8.

SoRelle 2007，第192–193頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

Waldrep 2009，第68頁; Wood 2009，第180–182頁. Waldrep, Christopher. African Americans Confront Lynching: Strategies of Resistance from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Era. Rowman & Littlefield. 2009. ISBN 978-0-7425-5272-2. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

Wood 2009，第180–182頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

SoRelle 2007，第197–198頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3.

Zangrando 1980，第30頁. Zangrando, Robert L. The NAACP Crusade Against Lynching, 1909–1950. Temple University Press. 1980. ISBN 978-0-87722-174-6.

SoRelle 2007，第197–198頁; Bernstein 2006，第169頁. SoRelle, James M. The "Waco Horror": The Lynching of Jesse Washington. Bruce A. Glasrud and James Smallwood (编). The African American Experience in Texas: An Anthology. Texas Tech University Press. 2007. ISBN 978-0-89672-609-3. Bernstein, Patricia. The First Waco Horror: The Lynching of Jesse Washington and the Rise of the NAACP. Texas A&M University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-1-58544-544-8.

Armstrong 2011，第114頁. Armstrong, Julie Buckner. Mary Turner and the Memory of Lynching. University of Georgia Press. 2011. ISBN 978-0-8203-3765-4.

Armstrong 2011，第60頁. Armstrong, Julie Buckner. Mary Turner and the Memory of Lynching. University of Georgia Press. 2011. ISBN 978-0-8203-3765-4.

Wood 2009，第181–183頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. University of North Carolina Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8078-3254-7.

doi.org

Wood 2005，第395頁. Wood, Amy Louise. Lynching Photography and the Visual Reproduction of White Supremacy. American Nineteenth Century History. 2005, 6 (3): 373–99. doi:10.1080/14664650500381090.

Francis 2011，第58–60頁. Francis, Megan Ming. The Battle for the Hearts and Minds of America. Souls: A Critical Journal of Black Politics, Culture, and Society. 2011, 13 (1): 46–71. doi:10.1080/10999949.2011.551477.

Ehrenhaus & Owen 2004，第286頁. Ehrenhaus, Peter; Owen, A. Susan. Race Lynching and Christian Evangelicalism: Performances of Faith. Text and Performance Quarterly. 2004-07-10, 24 (3/4): 276–301. doi:10.1080/1046293042000312779.

nytimes.com

Hale 1998，第216頁; Blumenthal 2005. Hale, Grace Elizabeth. Making Whiteness: the Culture of Segregation in the South, 1890–1940. Vintage Books. 1998. ISBN 978-0-679-77620-8. Blumenthal, Ralph. Fresh Outrage in Waco at Grisly Lynching of 1916. The New York Times (The New York Times Company). 2005-05-01 [2014-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-14）.

Moreno 2006; Blumenthal 2005. Moreno, Sylvia. In Waco, a Push To Atone for The Region's Lynch-Mob Past. The Washington Post. 2006-04-26 [2014-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-15）. Blumenthal, Ralph. Fresh Outrage in Waco at Grisly Lynching of 1916. The New York Times (The New York Times Company). 2005-05-01 [2014-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-14）.

washingtonpost.com

Moreno 2006; Bernstein 2006，第3–5 & 200頁. Moreno, Sylvia. In Waco, a Push To Atone for The Region's Lynch-Mob Past. The Washington Post. 2006-04-26 [2014-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-15）. Bernstein, Patricia. The First Waco Horror: The Lynching of Jesse Washington and the Rise of the NAACP. Texas A&M University Press. 2006. ISBN 978-1-58544-544-8.

web.archive.org

Modernist Journals Project. The Crisis Vol. 12, No. 3. Digitized Journals. Modernist Journals Project. [2014-09-04]. （原始内容存档于2013-12-27）.

杰西·华盛顿私刑事件 (Chinese Wikipedia)

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