核冬天 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "核冬天" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Chinese rank

109web.archive.org

1^st place

82doi.org

2^nd place

23^rd place

61worldcat.org

5^th place

12^th place

14nature.com

234^th place

227^th place

14wiley.com

222^nd place

216^th place

3nih.gov

4^th place

5^th place

3books.google.com

3^rd place

8^th place

3nasa.gov

75^th place

140^th place

2tandfonline.com

507^th place

610^th place

2copernicus.org

7,281^st place

low place

2pnas.org

1,293^rd place

763^rd place

2sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

1,142^nd place

2bmartin.cc

low place

2jstor.org

26^th place

113^th place

2sciencemag.org

857^th place

506^th place

2mdpi.com

2,912^th place

2,995^th place

1youtube.com

9^th place

2^nd place

1ametsoc.org

4,162^nd place

3,266^th place

1mpg.de

1,624^th place

1,637^th place

1wikidata.org

43^rd place

1,123^rd place

1univoak.eu

low place

1springer.com

274^th place

320^th place

1atomicarchive.com

6,497^th place

6,378^th place

1nuclearweaponarchive.org

2,381^st place

1,950^th place

1stason.org

low place

1aip.org

2,204^th place

1,725^th place

1handle.net

102^nd place

492^nd place

1nkj.ru

2,738^th place

low place

1archive.org

6^th place

4^th place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

292^nd place

1baltimoresun.com

453^rd place

1,946^th place

1osd.mil

4,000^th place

1,869^th place

1scribd.com

482^nd place

931^st place

1nationalcenter.org

low place

1gizmodo.com

474^th place

1,083^rd place

1thebulletin.org

4,686^th place

4,549^th place

1cbsnews.com

108^th place

449^th place

1nationalacademies.org

7,189^th place

low place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

31^st place

1nap.edu

2,128^th place

1,765^th place

1gwu.edu

1,353^rd place

1,797^th place

1wikipedia.org

low place

1nuclearsecrecy.com

low place

1capitolwords.org

low place

1time.com

61^st place

145^th place

1plant.ca

low place

1rsc.org

2,020^th place

445^th place

1geoscienceworld.org

3,158^th place

2,582^nd place

1degruyter.com

1,425^th place

4,196^th place

aip.org

Wintry Doom. web.archive.org. 2014-09-29 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-29）.

ametsoc.org

journals.ametsoc.org

Fromm, Michael; Lindsey, Daniel T.; Servranckx, René; Yue, Glenn; Trickl, Thomas; Sica, Robert; Doucet, Paul; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie. The Untold Story of Pyrocumulonimbus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2010-09-01, 91 (9) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0003-0007. doi:10.1175/2010BAMS3004.1. （原始内容存档于2024-02-01）（英语）.

archive.org

Internet Archive, Jeannie. The Aftermath : the human and ecological consequences of nuclear war. New York : Pantheon Books http://archive.org/details/aftermathhuman00pete. 1983. ISBN 978-0-394-53446-6. 缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)

atomicarchive.com

Radioactive Fallout | Worldwide Effects of Nuclear War | Historical Documents | atomciarchive.com. www.atomicarchive.com. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.

baltimoresun.com

articles.baltimoresun.com

Burning oil wells could be disaster, Sagan says - Baltimore Sun. web.archive.org. 2014-10-06 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）.

bmartin.cc

John Hampson's warnings of disaster. www.bmartin.cc. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-30）.
The global health effects of nuclear war. www.bmartin.cc. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.

books.google.com

Cotton, William R.; Sr, Roger A. Pielke. Human Impacts on Weather and Climate. Human Impacts on Weather and Climate. Cambridge University Press. 2007-02-01. ISBN 978-1-139-46180-1 （英语）.
Detonations, National Research Council (U S. ) Committee to Study the Long-Term Worldwide Effects of Multiple Nuclear-Weapons. Long-term Worldwide Effects of Multiple Nuclear-weapons Detonations. Long-term worldwide effects of multiple nuclear weapons detonations. National Academy of Sciences. 1975. ISBN 978-0-309-02418-1 （英语）.
Solomon, Fredric; Marston, Robert Q. The Medical Implications of Nuclear War. The Medical Implications of Nuclear War. National Academies Press. 1986-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-03692-4 （英语）.

capitolwords.org

National Defense Authorization Act For Fiscal Year 2006 | Capitol Words. web.archive.org. 2015-08-05 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2015-08-05）.

cbsnews.com

Nuclear war between the U.S. and Russia would kill more than 5 billion people – just from starvation, study finds - CBS News. www.cbsnews.com. 2022-08-16 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-26）（美国英语）.

copernicus.org

acp.copernicus.org

Robock, A.; Oman, L.; Stenchikov, G. L.; Toon, O. B.; Bardeen, C.; Turco, R. P. Climatic consequences of regional nuclear conflicts. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2007-04-19, 7 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-7-2003-2007. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Jacob, D. J.; Crawford, J. H.; Maring, H.; Clarke, A. D.; Dibb, J. E.; Emmons, L. K.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Russell, P. B.; Singh, H. B.; Thompson, A. M. The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first results. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2010-06-14, 10 (11) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.

degruyter.com

Premović, Pavle. Soot in Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clays worldwide: is it really derived from fossil fuel beds close to Chicxulub?. Open Geosciences. 2012-09-01, 4 (3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2391-5447. doi:10.2478/s13533-011-0073-8. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13): 2006JD008235. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235 （英语）.
Baum, Seth D. Winter-safe Deterrence: The Risk of Nuclear Winter and Its Challenge to Deterrence. Contemporary Security Policy. 2015-01-02, 36 (1): 123–148 [2021-01-24]. ISSN 1352-3260. doi:10.1080/13523260.2015.1012346. （原始内容存档于2020-02-22）（英语）.
Robock, Alan. Nuclear winter is a real and present danger. Nature. 2011-05-19, 473 (7347): 275–276. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/473275a （英语）.
Boyer, K. R. Installation Restoration Program Phase 1: Records Search of Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Fort Belvoir, VA. 1984-08-01.
McGhan, M.; Shaw, Alan; Megill, L. R.; Sedlacek, W.; Guthals, P. R.; Fowler, M. M. Measurements of nitric oxide after a nuclear burst. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 1981-02-20, 86 (C2). ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/jc086ic02p01167.
Robock, A.; Oman, L.; Stenchikov, G. L.; Toon, O. B.; Bardeen, C.; Turco, R. P. Climatic consequences of regional nuclear conflicts. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2007-04-19, 7 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-7-2003-2007. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Xia, Lili; Robock, Alan; Scherrer, Kim; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Weindl, Isabelle; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B.; Heneghan, Ryan. Global food insecurity and famine from reduced crop, marine fishery and livestock production due to climate disruption from nuclear war soot injection. Nature Food. 2022-08, 3 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 2662-1355. doi:10.1038/s43016-022-00573-0. （原始内容存档于2023-04-18）（英语）.
Jägermeyr, Jonas; Robock, Alan; Elliott, Joshua; Müller, Christoph; Xia, Lili; Khabarov, Nikolay; Folberth, Christian; Schmid, Erwin; Liu, Wenfeng; Zabel, Florian; Rabin, Sam S. A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020-03-31, 117 (13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7132296 . PMID 32179678. doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Stochastic optimization provides key to combatting increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires. ORMS Multimedia Group. 2022-01-21 [2023-12-18].
Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Fromm, Michael; Tupper, Andrew; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Servranckx, René; McRae, Rick. Violent pyro‐convective storm devastates Australia's capital and pollutes the stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters. 2006-03, 33 (5) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0094-8276. doi:10.1029/2005GL025161. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Aftermath of the San Francisco Fire. Scientific American. 1906-08-18, 95 (7). ISSN 0036-8733. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican08181906-110a.
Jacob, D. J.; Crawford, J. H.; Maring, H.; Clarke, A. D.; Dibb, J. E.; Emmons, L. K.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Russell, P. B.; Singh, H. B.; Thompson, A. M. The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first results. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2010-06-14, 10 (11) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Zveryaev, Igor I. Interdecadal changes in the links between European precipitation and atmospheric circulation during boreal spring and fall. Tellus A. 2009-01. ISSN 1600-0870. doi:10.3402/tellusa.v61i1.15523.
Fromm, Michael; Lindsey, Daniel T.; Servranckx, René; Yue, Glenn; Trickl, Thomas; Sica, Robert; Doucet, Paul; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie. The Untold Story of Pyrocumulonimbus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2010-09-01, 91 (9) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0003-0007. doi:10.1175/2010BAMS3004.1. （原始内容存档于2024-02-01）（英语）.
98/03334 Analysis and elimination of trace organic compounds in smoke from burning coal. Fuel and Energy Abstracts. 1998-07, 39 (4). ISSN 0140-6701. doi:10.1016/s0140-6701(98)96859-x.
Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war - Alan Robock, Owen Brian Toon, 2012. web.archive.org. 2021-02-24 [2023-12-18]. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. 原始内容存档于2021-02-24.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Turco, Richard P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Garcia, Rolando R. Massive global ozone loss predicted following regional nuclear conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008-04-08, 105 (14) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2291128 . PMID 18391218. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710058105. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Review of Toon et al, Spectrometric measurements of propane. 2021-01-03. doi:10.5194/acp-2020-1135-rc1.
Anonymous. Review of Williams et al.: Characterising the Seasonal and Geographical Variability of Tropospheric Ozone, Stratospheric Influence and Recent Changes. dx.doi.org. 2018-12-18 [2023-12-18].
J. Jensen, Eric; Toon, Owen.B. The potential impact of soot particles from aircraft exhaust on cirrus clouds. Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols 1996. Elsevier. 1996: 848–851.
Kao, Chih‐Yue Jim; Glatzmaier, Gary A.; Malone, Robert C.; Turco, Richard P. Global three‐dimensional simulations of ozone depletion under postwar conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1990-12-20, 95 (D13) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/JD095iD13p22495. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Bardeen, Charles G.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Toon, Owen B.; Mills, Michael J.; Vitt, Francis; Xia, Lili; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Scherrer, Kim J. N.; Clyne, Margot; Robock, Alan. Extreme Ozone Loss Following Nuclear War Results in Enhanced Surface Ultraviolet Radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-09-27, 126 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2021JD035079. （原始内容存档于2024-01-28）（英语）.
Hot ‘N’ Cold. New Scientist. 2007-01, 193 (2586). ISSN 0262-4079. doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(07)60057-8.
Dorries, Matthias. Politics of Atmospheric Sciences: 'Nuclear winter' and global climate change. Osiris. [2023-12-21]. doi:10.1086/661272. （原始内容存档于2022-02-23）（法语）.
Policy Implications of Greenhouse Warming. 1992-01-01. doi:10.17226/1605.
Virgoe, John. International governance of a possible geoengineering intervention to combat climate change. Climatic Change. 2008-12-09, 95 (1-2). ISSN 0165-0009. doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9523-9.
Hampson, John. Photochemical war on the atmosphere. Nature. 1974-07, 250 (5463) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/250189a0. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）（英语）.
Goldsmith, P.; Tuck, A. F.; Foot, J. S.; Simmons, E. L.; Newson, R. L. Nitrogen Oxides, Nuclear Weapon Testing, Concorde and Stratospheric Ozone. Nature. 1973-08, 244 (5418) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/244545a0. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.
Christie, A. D. Atmospheric ozone depletion by nuclear weapons testing. Journal of Geophysical Research. 1976-05-20, 81 (15). doi:10.1029/JC081i015p02583 （英语）.
Pavlovski, O. A. Shapiro, Charles S. , 编. Radiological Consequences of Nuclear Testing for the Population of the Former USSR (Input Information, Models, Dose, and Risk Estimates). Atmospheric Nuclear Tests. NATO ASI Series (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer). 1998 [2023-12-21]. ISBN 978-3-662-03610-5. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03610-5_17. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Ashley, Mike. Transformations. Ashley, Michael. The History of the Science Fiction Magazine. Vol. 1. p. 186.. Liverpool University Press. 2005-05-30. ISBN 978-0-85323-769-3.
Aleksandrov, V.V.; Stenchikov, G.L. Numerical simulation of the climatic consequences of a nuclear war. USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics. 1984-01, 24 (1). ISSN 0041-5553. doi:10.1016/0041-5553(84)90121-6.
VISCONTI, GUIDO. Comments on “Comparative estimates of climatic consequences of Martian dust storms and of possible nuclear war” by G. S. Golitsyn and A. S. Ginsburg. Tellus B. 1986-07-09, 38B (3-4). ISSN 0280-6509. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00195.x.
Covey, Curt; Schneider, Stephen H.; Thompson, Starley L. Global atmospheric effects of massive smoke injections from a nuclear war: results from general circulation model simulations. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308021a0. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13）（英语）.
Husain, Tahir. Kuwaiti oil fires—Modeling revisited. Atmospheric Environment. 1994-07-01, 28 (13). ISSN 1352-2310. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90361-1.
ABC News "Nightline" Terry Nichols Poll, January 1998. ICPSR Data Holdings. 1998-08-24 [2023-12-21].
Hobbs, P. V.; Radke, L. F. Airborne Studies of the Smoke from the Kuwait Oil Fires. Science. 1992-05-15, 256 (5059). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.256.5059.987 （英语）.
Khordagui, Hosny; Al-Ajmi, Dhari. Environmental impact of the Gulf War: An integrated preliminary assessment. Environmental Management. 1993-07-01, 17 (4). ISSN 1432-1009. doi:10.1007/BF02394670 （英语）.
Browning, K. A.; Allam, R. J.; Ballard, S. P.; Barnes, R. T. H.; Bennetts, D. A.; Maryon, R. H.; Mason, P. J.; McKenna, D.; Mitchell, J. F. B.; Senior, C. A.; Slingo, A. Environmental effects from burning oil wells in Kuwait. Nature. 1991-05, 351 (6325) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/351363a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Ayala, Francisco J. The Candle and the Darkness:The Demon-Haunted World. Science as a Candle in the Dark. Carl Sagan. Random House, New York, 1996. xviii, 460 pp. $25.95 or C$35.95.. Science. 1996-07-26, 273 (5274). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.273.5274.442.
Lisowski, Eva. Potential Use of Low-Yield Nuclear Weapons in a Korean Context. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament. 2022-04-05, 5 (sup1). ISSN 2575-1654. doi:10.1080/25751654.2022.2057672.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen Brian. Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2012-03, 68 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0096-3402. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Lee‐Taylor, Julia; Robock, Alan. Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict. Earth's Future. 2014-04, 2 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2328-4277. doi:10.1002/2013EF000205. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Reisner, Jon; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Koo, Eunmo; Even, Wesley; Hecht, Matthew; Hunke, Elizabeth; Comeau, Darin; Bos, Randall; Cooley, James. Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018-03-16, 123 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1002/2017JD027331. （原始内容存档于2024-01-30）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B.; Bardeen, Charles G. Comment on “Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapon Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based on Detailed Source Calculations” by Reisner et al.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-12-16, 124 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030777. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Wagman, Benjamin M.; Lundquist, Katherine A.; Tang, Qi; Glascoe, Lee G.; Bader, David C. Examining the Climate Effects of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange Using a Multiscale Atmospheric Modeling Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020-12-27, 125 (24) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD033056. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Redfern, Stephanie; Lundquist, Julie K.; Toon, Owen B.; Muñoz‐Esparza, Domingo; Bardeen, Charles G.; Kosović, Branko. Upper Troposphere Smoke Injection From Large Areal Fires. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-12-16, 126 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD034332. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Tarshish, Nathaniel; Romps, David M. Latent Heating Is Required for Firestorm Plumes to Reach the Stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2022-09-27, 127 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2022JD036667. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Pearce, Joshua M.; Denkenberger, David C. A National Pragmatic Safety Limit for Nuclear Weapon Quantities. Safety. 2018-06, 4 (2) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2313-576X. doi:10.3390/safety4020025. （原始内容存档于2018-12-22）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Bardeen, Charles G.; Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Winter Responses to Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-08-16, 124 (15) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030509. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Stevenson, Samantha; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Rohr, Tyler; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Robock, Alan; Olivarez, Holly; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Niño response observed in simulations of nuclear war scenarios. Communications Earth & Environment. 2021-01-22, 2 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2662-4435. doi:10.1038/s43247-020-00088-1. （原始内容存档于2023-07-01）（英语）.
Kaiho, Kunio. Extinction magnitude of animals in the near future. Scientific Reports. 2022-11-23, 12 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9684554 . PMID 36418340. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23369-5. （原始内容存档于2023-01-22）（英语）.
Martin, Brian. Nuclear winter: science and politics. Science and Public Policy. 1988-10, 15 (5). ISSN 1471-5430. doi:10.1093/spp/15.5.321.
Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. Nuclear Winter Reappraised. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 64 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042777. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.
Fisher, Melissa S. Introduction. Wall Street Women. Duke University Press. 2012-06-05: 1–25.
Warner, Fredetick. Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War: An Update: Severe Global-Scale Effects of Nuclear War Reaffirmed. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development. 1987-05, 29 (4). ISSN 0013-9157. doi:10.1080/00139157.1987.9928876.
The Medical Implications of Nuclear War. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu/catalog/940. 1986-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-07866-5. doi:10.17226/940. 缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)
Penner, Joyce E. Uncertainties in the smoke source term for ‘nuclear winter’ studies. Nature. 1986-11, 324 (6094) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/324222a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Maddox, John. From Santorini to Armageddon. Nature. 1984-01, 307 (5947) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/307107a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Maddox, John. Nuclear winter not yet established. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308011a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. Fred. Is the “nuclear winter” real?. Nature. 1984-08, 310 (5979) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/310625a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. F. On a "Nuclear Winter". Science. 1985-01-25, 227 (4685). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.227.4685.356 （英语）.
Seitz, Russell. Nuclear winter was and is debatable. Nature. 2011-07, 475 (7354) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/475037b. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Emanuel, K. A. Nuclear winter: Towards a scientific exercise. Nature. 1986-01, 319 (6051) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/319259a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Pielke, R. A.; Cotton, W. R.; Walko, R. L.; Tremback, C. J.; Lyons, W. A.; Grasso, L. D.; Nicholls, M. E.; Moran, M. D.; Wesley, D. A.; Lee, T. J.; Copeland, J. H. A comprehensive meteorological modeling system—RAMS. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics. 1992-03-01, 49 (1). ISSN 1436-5065. doi:10.1007/BF01025401 （英语）.
Sagan, Carl; Turco, Richard; Rathjens, George W.; Siegel, Ronald H.; Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. The Nuclear Winter Debate. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 65 (1). ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042868.
The SALT II Treaty: Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Ninety-Sixth Congress, First Session. The SHAFR Guide Online. [2023-12-21].
Shelberg, Wesley E.; Tracy, Edward T. COUNTERMEASURE CONCEPTS FOR USE AGAINST URBAN MASS FIRES FROM NUCLEAR WEAPON ATTACK. Fort Belvoir, VA. 1967-08-14.
Hazeltine, Barrett. Transportation. Field Guide to Appropriate Technology. Elsevier. 2003: 609–664.
Langan, Paul; Gnanakaran, S.; Rector, Kirk D.; Pawley, Norma; Fox, David T.; Cho, Dae Won; Hammel, Kenneth E. Exploring new strategies for cellulosic biofuels production. Energy & Environmental Science. 2011-09-27, 4 (10) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1754-5706. doi:10.1039/C1EE01268A. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Maher, Timothy M.; Baum, Seth D. Adaptation to and Recovery from Global Catastrophe. Sustainability. 2013-04, 5 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2071-1050. doi:10.3390/su5041461. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Anderson, Kim B.; Brorsen, B. Wade. US Wheat Marketing System and Price Discovery. Wheat Science and Trade. 2009-05-29. doi:10.1002/9780813818832.ch23.
Crutzen, Paul J. Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma?. Climatic Change. 2006-08-01, 77 (3). ISSN 1573-1480. doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y （英语）.
Feichter, J.; Leisner, T. Climate engineering: A critical review of approaches to modify the global energy balance. The European Physical Journal Special Topics. 2009-09-01, 176 (1). ISSN 1951-6401. doi:10.1140/epjst/e2009-01149-8 （英语）.
Robertson, Douglas S.; Lewis, William M.; Sheehan, Peter M.; Toon, Owen B. K‐Pg extinction: Reevaluation of the heat‐fire hypothesis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2013-03, 118 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-8953. doi:10.1002/jgrg.20018. （原始内容存档于2024-01-16）（英语）.
Premović, Pavle. Soot in Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clays worldwide: is it really derived from fossil fuel beds close to Chicxulub?. Open Geosciences. 2012-09-01, 4 (3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2391-5447. doi:10.2478/s13533-011-0073-8. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

doi.org

Khordagui, Hosny; Al-Ajmi, Dhari. Environmental impact of the Gulf War: An integrated preliminary assessment. Environmental Management. 1993-07-01, 17 (4). ISSN 1432-1009. doi:10.1007/BF02394670 （英语）.
Martin, Brian. Nuclear winter: science and politics. Science and Public Policy. 1988-10, 15 (5). ISSN 1471-5430. doi:10.1093/spp/15.5.321.
Pielke, R. A.; Cotton, W. R.; Walko, R. L.; Tremback, C. J.; Lyons, W. A.; Grasso, L. D.; Nicholls, M. E.; Moran, M. D.; Wesley, D. A.; Lee, T. J.; Copeland, J. H. A comprehensive meteorological modeling system—RAMS. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics. 1992-03-01, 49 (1). ISSN 1436-5065. doi:10.1007/BF01025401 （英语）.
Crutzen, Paul J. Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma?. Climatic Change. 2006-08-01, 77 (3). ISSN 1573-1480. doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y （英语）.
Feichter, J.; Leisner, T. Climate engineering: A critical review of approaches to modify the global energy balance. The European Physical Journal Special Topics. 2009-09-01, 176 (1). ISSN 1951-6401. doi:10.1140/epjst/e2009-01149-8 （英语）.

geoscienceworld.org

pubs.geoscienceworld.org

存档副本. pubs.geoscienceworld.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.

gizmodo.com

Morbid Researchers Imagine a 'Best-Case Scenario' for Nuclear War, and the Results Are Grim. Gizmodo. 2018-06-13 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-21）（英语）.

gwu.edu

nsarchive2.gwu.edu

Candid Interviews with Former Soviet Officials Reveal U.S. Strategic Intelligence Failure Over Decades. nsarchive2.gwu.edu. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

An assessment of global atmospheric effects of a major nuclear conflict / H.S. Muench ... [et al.]. HathiTrust. [2023-12-21] （英语）.

jstor.org

Crutzen, Paul J.; Birks, John W. The Atmosphere after a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon. Ambio. 1982, 11 (2/3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0044-7447. （原始内容存档于2023-08-25）.
Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. Nuclear Winter Reappraised. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 64 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042777. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.

mdpi.com

Pearce, Joshua M.; Denkenberger, David C. A National Pragmatic Safety Limit for Nuclear Weapon Quantities. Safety. 2018-06, 4 (2) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2313-576X. doi:10.3390/safety4020025. （原始内容存档于2018-12-22）（英语）.
Maher, Timothy M.; Baum, Seth D. Adaptation to and Recovery from Global Catastrophe. Sustainability. 2013-04, 5 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2071-1050. doi:10.3390/su5041461. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

mpg.de

atmosphere.mpg.de

- Distribution & concentration (2). web.archive.org. 2011-07-27 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-27）.

nap.edu

The Medical Implications of Nuclear War. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press http://www.nap.edu/catalog/940. 1986-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-07866-5. doi:10.17226/940. 缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)

nasa.gov

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

Russian Firestorm: Finding a Fire Cloud from Space. earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2010-08-31 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-12）（英语）.
Wildfires Smoke Crosses the Atlantic. earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2013-07-02 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）（英语）.

nasa.gov

NASA - Satellite Sees Smoke from Siberian Fires Reach the U.S. Coast. web.archive.org. 2012-07-17 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-17）.

nationalacademies.org

"Independent Study on Potential Environmental Effects of Nuclear War". www.nationalacademies.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-02）.

nationalcenter.org

Dossier - Dr. Carl Sagan. web.archive.org. 2014-07-14 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-14）.

nature.com

Robock, Alan. Nuclear winter is a real and present danger. Nature. 2011-05-19, 473 (7347): 275–276. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/473275a （英语）.
Xia, Lili; Robock, Alan; Scherrer, Kim; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Weindl, Isabelle; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B.; Heneghan, Ryan. Global food insecurity and famine from reduced crop, marine fishery and livestock production due to climate disruption from nuclear war soot injection. Nature Food. 2022-08, 3 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 2662-1355. doi:10.1038/s43016-022-00573-0. （原始内容存档于2023-04-18）（英语）.
Hampson, John. Photochemical war on the atmosphere. Nature. 1974-07, 250 (5463) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/250189a0. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）（英语）.
Goldsmith, P.; Tuck, A. F.; Foot, J. S.; Simmons, E. L.; Newson, R. L. Nitrogen Oxides, Nuclear Weapon Testing, Concorde and Stratospheric Ozone. Nature. 1973-08, 244 (5418) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/244545a0. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.
Covey, Curt; Schneider, Stephen H.; Thompson, Starley L. Global atmospheric effects of massive smoke injections from a nuclear war: results from general circulation model simulations. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308021a0. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13）（英语）.
Browning, K. A.; Allam, R. J.; Ballard, S. P.; Barnes, R. T. H.; Bennetts, D. A.; Maryon, R. H.; Mason, P. J.; McKenna, D.; Mitchell, J. F. B.; Senior, C. A.; Slingo, A. Environmental effects from burning oil wells in Kuwait. Nature. 1991-05, 351 (6325) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/351363a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Stevenson, Samantha; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Rohr, Tyler; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Robock, Alan; Olivarez, Holly; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Niño response observed in simulations of nuclear war scenarios. Communications Earth & Environment. 2021-01-22, 2 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2662-4435. doi:10.1038/s43247-020-00088-1. （原始内容存档于2023-07-01）（英语）.
Kaiho, Kunio. Extinction magnitude of animals in the near future. Scientific Reports. 2022-11-23, 12 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9684554 . PMID 36418340. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23369-5. （原始内容存档于2023-01-22）（英语）.
Penner, Joyce E. Uncertainties in the smoke source term for ‘nuclear winter’ studies. Nature. 1986-11, 324 (6094) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/324222a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Maddox, John. From Santorini to Armageddon. Nature. 1984-01, 307 (5947) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/307107a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Maddox, John. Nuclear winter not yet established. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308011a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. Fred. Is the “nuclear winter” real?. Nature. 1984-08, 310 (5979) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/310625a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Seitz, Russell. Nuclear winter was and is debatable. Nature. 2011-07, 475 (7354) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/475037b. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Emanuel, K. A. Nuclear winter: Towards a scientific exercise. Nature. 1986-01, 319 (6051) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/319259a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Jägermeyr, Jonas; Robock, Alan; Elliott, Joshua; Müller, Christoph; Xia, Lili; Khabarov, Nikolay; Folberth, Christian; Schmid, Erwin; Liu, Wenfeng; Zabel, Florian; Rabin, Sam S. A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020-03-31, 117 (13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7132296 . PMID 32179678. doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Turco, Richard P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Garcia, Rolando R. Massive global ozone loss predicted following regional nuclear conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008-04-08, 105 (14) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2291128 . PMID 18391218. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710058105. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Kaiho, Kunio. Extinction magnitude of animals in the near future. Scientific Reports. 2022-11-23, 12 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9684554 . PMID 36418340. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23369-5. （原始内容存档于2023-01-22）（英语）.

nkj.ru

жизнь, Редакция журнала Наука и. ЧАЕПИТИЕ В АКАДЕМИИ. АКАДЕМИК Г. С. ГОЛИЦЫН: ВОЛНЕНИЯ МОРЯ И ЗЕМЛИ. www.nkj.ru. 2001-03 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-22）（俄语）.

nuclearsecrecy.com

Yield-to-weight ratios. web.archive.org. 2016-10-25 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2016-10-25）.

nuclearweaponarchive.org

Effects of Nuclear Explosions. nuclearweaponarchive.org. [2023-12-21].

nytimes.com

Browne, Malcolm W. Nuclear Winter Theorists Pull Back. The New York Times. 1990-01-23 [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2021-11-07）（美国英语）.

osd.mil

gulflink.osd.mil

TAB C – Fighting the Oil Well Fires. web.archive.org. 2015-02-20 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-20）.

plant.ca

Biofuel process to develop sugar substitute, cellulose ethanol - PLANT - PLANT. web.archive.org. 2018-10-19 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-19）.

pnas.org

Jägermeyr, Jonas; Robock, Alan; Elliott, Joshua; Müller, Christoph; Xia, Lili; Khabarov, Nikolay; Folberth, Christian; Schmid, Erwin; Liu, Wenfeng; Zabel, Florian; Rabin, Sam S. A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020-03-31, 117 (13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7132296 . PMID 32179678. doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Turco, Richard P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Garcia, Rolando R. Massive global ozone loss predicted following regional nuclear conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008-04-08, 105 (14) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2291128 . PMID 18391218. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710058105. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.

rsc.org

pubs.rsc.org

Langan, Paul; Gnanakaran, S.; Rector, Kirk D.; Pawley, Norma; Fox, David T.; Cho, Dae Won; Hammel, Kenneth E. Exploring new strategies for cellulosic biofuels production. Energy & Environmental Science. 2011-09-27, 4 (10) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1754-5706. doi:10.1039/C1EE01268A. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

sciencedaily.com

NASA to study how pollution, storms and climate mix. ScienceDaily. [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-12）（英语）.
How would a nuclear winter impact food production?. ScienceDaily. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-27）（英语）.

sciencedirect.com

Husain, Tahir. Kuwaiti oil fires—Modeling revisited. Atmospheric Environment. 1994-07-01, 28 (13). ISSN 1352-2310. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90361-1.

sciencemag.org

Hobbs, P. V.; Radke, L. F. Airborne Studies of the Smoke from the Kuwait Oil Fires. Science. 1992-05-15, 256 (5059). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.256.5059.987 （英语）.
Singer, S. F. On a "Nuclear Winter". Science. 1985-01-25, 227 (4685). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.227.4685.356 （英语）.

scribd.com

The Kuwaiti Oli Fires. web.archive.org. 2014-01-02 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-02）.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Pavlovski, O. A. Shapiro, Charles S. , 编. Radiological Consequences of Nuclear Testing for the Population of the Former USSR (Input Information, Models, Dose, and Risk Estimates). Atmospheric Nuclear Tests. NATO ASI Series (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer). 1998 [2023-12-21]. ISBN 978-3-662-03610-5. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03610-5_17. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

stason.org

stason.org, Stas Bekman: stas (at). 24 Will commercial supersonic aircraft damage the ozone layer?. stason.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-26）.

tandfonline.com

Baum, Seth D. Winter-safe Deterrence: The Risk of Nuclear Winter and Its Challenge to Deterrence. Contemporary Security Policy. 2015-01-02, 36 (1): 123–148 [2021-01-24]. ISSN 1352-3260. doi:10.1080/13523260.2015.1012346. （原始内容存档于2020-02-22）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen Brian. Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2012-03, 68 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0096-3402. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

thebulletin.org

Gaulkin, Thomas. Nowhere to hide: How a nuclear war would kill you—and almost everyone else.. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2022-10-20 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-26）（美国英语）.

time.com

Another Return From the Cold -- Printout -- TIME. web.archive.org. 2007-09-30 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-09-30）.

univoak.eu

Dorries, Matthias. Politics of Atmospheric Sciences: 'Nuclear winter' and global climate change. Osiris. [2023-12-21]. doi:10.1086/661272. （原始内容存档于2022-02-23）（法语）.

web.archive.org

Baum, Seth D. Winter-safe Deterrence: The Risk of Nuclear Winter and Its Challenge to Deterrence. Contemporary Security Policy. 2015-01-02, 36 (1): 123–148 [2021-01-24]. ISSN 1352-3260. doi:10.1080/13523260.2015.1012346. （原始内容存档于2020-02-22）（英语）.
On the 8th Day - Nuclear Winter Documentary (1984), [2023-12-18], （原始内容存档于2017-06-14）（中文（中国大陆））
WJohn Hampson's warnings of disaster. web.archive.org. 2014-11-30 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2014-11-30.
Robock, A.; Oman, L.; Stenchikov, G. L.; Toon, O. B.; Bardeen, C.; Turco, R. P. Climatic consequences of regional nuclear conflicts. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2007-04-19, 7 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-7-2003-2007. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Xia, Lili; Robock, Alan; Scherrer, Kim; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Weindl, Isabelle; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B.; Heneghan, Ryan. Global food insecurity and famine from reduced crop, marine fishery and livestock production due to climate disruption from nuclear war soot injection. Nature Food. 2022-08, 3 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 2662-1355. doi:10.1038/s43016-022-00573-0. （原始内容存档于2023-04-18）（英语）.
Jägermeyr, Jonas; Robock, Alan; Elliott, Joshua; Müller, Christoph; Xia, Lili; Khabarov, Nikolay; Folberth, Christian; Schmid, Erwin; Liu, Wenfeng; Zabel, Florian; Rabin, Sam S. A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020-03-31, 117 (13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7132296 . PMID 32179678. doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Small Nuclear War Could Reverse Global Warming for Years?. web.archive.org. 2014-09-16 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2014-09-16.
Climatic Consequences of Nuclear Conflict. web.archive.org. 2011-09-28 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2011-09-28.
Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Fromm, Michael; Tupper, Andrew; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Servranckx, René; McRae, Rick. Violent pyro‐convective storm devastates Australia's capital and pollutes the stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters. 2006-03, 33 (5) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0094-8276. doi:10.1029/2005GL025161. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Russian Firestorm: Finding a Fire Cloud from Space. earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2010-08-31 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-12）（英语）.
Wildfires Smoke Crosses the Atlantic. earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2013-07-02 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）（英语）.
Jacob, D. J.; Crawford, J. H.; Maring, H.; Clarke, A. D.; Dibb, J. E.; Emmons, L. K.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Russell, P. B.; Singh, H. B.; Thompson, A. M. The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first results. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2010-06-14, 10 (11) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
NASA to study how pollution, storms and climate mix. ScienceDaily. [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2018-06-12）（英语）.
Fromm, Michael; Lindsey, Daniel T.; Servranckx, René; Yue, Glenn; Trickl, Thomas; Sica, Robert; Doucet, Paul; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie. The Untold Story of Pyrocumulonimbus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2010-09-01, 91 (9) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0003-0007. doi:10.1175/2010BAMS3004.1. （原始内容存档于2024-02-01）（英语）.
Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war - Alan Robock, Owen Brian Toon, 2012. web.archive.org. 2021-02-24 [2023-12-18]. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. 原始内容存档于2021-02-24.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Turco, Richard P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Garcia, Rolando R. Massive global ozone loss predicted following regional nuclear conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008-04-08, 105 (14) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2291128 . PMID 18391218. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710058105. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (Pacific War). web.archive.org. 2008-05-16 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2008-05-16.
United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (Pacific War). web.archive.org. 2016-03-14 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2016-03-14.
The Effects of Nuclear Weapons. web.archive.org. 2014-10-31 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2014-10-31.
- Distribution & concentration (2). web.archive.org. 2011-07-27 [2023-12-18]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-27）.
Aerosols and climate. web.archive.org. 2019-01-21 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2019-01-21.
How Volcanoes Work - volcano climate effects. web.archive.org. 2011-04-23 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2011-04-23.
GACP: Global Aerosol Climatology Project. web.archive.org. 2008-05-23 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2008-05-23.
LANL study: Wildfire smoke’s effect on climate underestimated | Albuquerque Journal News. web.archive.org. 2015-06-27 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2015-06-27.
Research: wildland fire smoke, including tar balls, contribute to climate change more than previously thought | Wildfire Today. web.archive.org. 2014-07-24 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2014-07-24.
New Insights on Wildfire Smoke Could Improve Climate Change Models | Michigan Tech News. web.archive.org. 2014-11-04 [2023-12-18]. 原始内容存档于2014-11-04.
Climatic Consequences of Nuclear Conflict. web.archive.org. 2011-09-28 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2011-09-28.
Regional Nuclear War Could Devastate Global Climate -- ScienceDaily. web.archive.org. 2018-05-16 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2018-05-16.
How would a nuclear winter impact food production?. ScienceDaily. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-27）（英语）.
Kao, Chih‐Yue Jim; Glatzmaier, Gary A.; Malone, Robert C.; Turco, Richard P. Global three‐dimensional simulations of ozone depletion under postwar conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1990-12-20, 95 (D13) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/JD095iD13p22495. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Bardeen, Charles G.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Toon, Owen B.; Mills, Michael J.; Vitt, Francis; Xia, Lili; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Scherrer, Kim J. N.; Clyne, Margot; Robock, Alan. Extreme Ozone Loss Following Nuclear War Results in Enhanced Surface Ultraviolet Radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-09-27, 126 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2021JD035079. （原始内容存档于2024-01-28）（英语）.
John M. Gates, Ch. 11, The Continuing Problem of Conceptual Confusion - Title. web.archive.org. 2011-08-14 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2011-08-14.
Castle bravo: Fifty years of legend and lore. www.wikidata.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）（英语）.
The effects of nuclear weapons. . - Full View | HathiTrust Digital Library | HathiTrust Digital Library. web.archive.org. 2014-08-24 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2014-08-24.
Dorries, Matthias. Politics of Atmospheric Sciences: 'Nuclear winter' and global climate change. Osiris. [2023-12-21]. doi:10.1086/661272. （原始内容存档于2022-02-23）（法语）.
The global health effects of nuclear war. web.archive.org. 2014-10-06 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2014-10-06.
Hampson, John. Photochemical war on the atmosphere. Nature. 1974-07, 250 (5463) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/250189a0. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）（英语）.
John Hampson's warnings of disaster. www.bmartin.cc. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-11-30）.
Goldsmith, P.; Tuck, A. F.; Foot, J. S.; Simmons, E. L.; Newson, R. L. Nitrogen Oxides, Nuclear Weapon Testing, Concorde and Stratospheric Ozone. Nature. 1973-08, 244 (5418) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/244545a0. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.
Pavlovski, O. A. Shapiro, Charles S. , 编. Radiological Consequences of Nuclear Testing for the Population of the Former USSR (Input Information, Models, Dose, and Risk Estimates). Atmospheric Nuclear Tests. NATO ASI Series (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer). 1998 [2023-12-21]. ISBN 978-3-662-03610-5. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03610-5_17. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Radioactive Fallout | Worldwide Effects of Nuclear War | Historical Documents | atomciarchive.com. www.atomicarchive.com. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.
The global health effects of nuclear war. www.bmartin.cc. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.
stason.org, Stas Bekman: stas (at). 24 Will commercial supersonic aircraft damage the ozone layer?. stason.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-09-26）.
Themes : Nuclear Winter : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia. web.archive.org. 2018-07-28 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2018-07-28.
Wintry Doom. web.archive.org. 2014-09-29 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-29）.
Wintry Doom. web.archive.org. 2016-12-02 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2016-12-02.
Crutzen, Paul J.; Birks, John W. The Atmosphere after a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon. Ambio. 1982, 11 (2/3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0044-7447. （原始内容存档于2023-08-25）.
жизнь, Редакция журнала Наука и. ЧАЕПИТИЕ В АКАДЕМИИ. АКАДЕМИК Г. С. ГОЛИЦЫН: ВОЛНЕНИЯ МОРЯ И ЗЕМЛИ. www.nkj.ru. 2001-03 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-22）（俄语）.
Тяжелая пыль "ядерной зимы". web.archive.org. 2011-06-17 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2011-06-17.
Covey, Curt; Schneider, Stephen H.; Thompson, Starley L. Global atmospheric effects of massive smoke injections from a nuclear war: results from general circulation model simulations. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308021a0. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13）（英语）.
Does anybody remember the Nuclear Winter? | Promoting ethical science, design and technology. web.archive.org. 2016-02-16 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2016-02-16.
Burning oil wells could be disaster, Sagan says - Baltimore Sun. web.archive.org. 2014-10-06 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）.
Star-News - Google News Archive Search. web.archive.org. 2016-03-12 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2016-03-12.
TAB C – Fighting the Oil Well Fires. web.archive.org. 2015-02-20 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2015-02-20）.
The Kuwaiti Oli Fires. web.archive.org. 2014-01-02 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-01-02）.
Kuwait Fires Failed To Bring Doomsday - tribunedigital-orlandosentinel. web.archive.org. 2017-02-02 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2017-02-02.
Dossier - Dr. Carl Sagan. web.archive.org. 2014-07-14 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-14）.
Browning, K. A.; Allam, R. J.; Ballard, S. P.; Barnes, R. T. H.; Bennetts, D. A.; Maryon, R. H.; Mason, P. J.; McKenna, D.; Mitchell, J. F. B.; Senior, C. A.; Slingo, A. Environmental effects from burning oil wells in Kuwait. Nature. 1991-05, 351 (6325) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/351363a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
NASA - Satellite Sees Smoke from Siberian Fires Reach the U.S. Coast. web.archive.org. 2012-07-17 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-17）.
NRL scientist seeing clearly the effects of pyrocumulonimbus. web.archive.org. 2013-01-29 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2013-01-29.
"U14A-05" in fm06. web.archive.org. 2008-01-24 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2008-01-24.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen Brian. Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2012-03, 68 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0096-3402. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Lee‐Taylor, Julia; Robock, Alan. Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict. Earth's Future. 2014-04, 2 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2328-4277. doi:10.1002/2013EF000205. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Reisner, Jon; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Koo, Eunmo; Even, Wesley; Hecht, Matthew; Hunke, Elizabeth; Comeau, Darin; Bos, Randall; Cooley, James. Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018-03-16, 123 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1002/2017JD027331. （原始内容存档于2024-01-30）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B.; Bardeen, Charles G. Comment on “Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapon Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based on Detailed Source Calculations” by Reisner et al.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-12-16, 124 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030777. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Wagman, Benjamin M.; Lundquist, Katherine A.; Tang, Qi; Glascoe, Lee G.; Bader, David C. Examining the Climate Effects of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange Using a Multiscale Atmospheric Modeling Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020-12-27, 125 (24) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD033056. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Redfern, Stephanie; Lundquist, Julie K.; Toon, Owen B.; Muñoz‐Esparza, Domingo; Bardeen, Charles G.; Kosović, Branko. Upper Troposphere Smoke Injection From Large Areal Fires. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-12-16, 126 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD034332. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Tarshish, Nathaniel; Romps, David M. Latent Heating Is Required for Firestorm Plumes to Reach the Stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2022-09-27, 127 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2022JD036667. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Morbid Researchers Imagine a 'Best-Case Scenario' for Nuclear War, and the Results Are Grim. Gizmodo. 2018-06-13 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-21）（英语）.
Pearce, Joshua M.; Denkenberger, David C. A National Pragmatic Safety Limit for Nuclear Weapon Quantities. Safety. 2018-06, 4 (2) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2313-576X. doi:10.3390/safety4020025. （原始内容存档于2018-12-22）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Bardeen, Charles G.; Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Winter Responses to Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-08-16, 124 (15) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030509. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Stevenson, Samantha; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Rohr, Tyler; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Robock, Alan; Olivarez, Holly; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Niño response observed in simulations of nuclear war scenarios. Communications Earth & Environment. 2021-01-22, 2 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2662-4435. doi:10.1038/s43247-020-00088-1. （原始内容存档于2023-07-01）（英语）.
Gaulkin, Thomas. Nowhere to hide: How a nuclear war would kill you—and almost everyone else.. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2022-10-20 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-26）（美国英语）.
Nuclear war between the U.S. and Russia would kill more than 5 billion people – just from starvation, study finds - CBS News. www.cbsnews.com. 2022-08-16 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-26）（美国英语）.
Kaiho, Kunio. Extinction magnitude of animals in the near future. Scientific Reports. 2022-11-23, 12 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9684554 . PMID 36418340. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23369-5. （原始内容存档于2023-01-22）（英语）.
"Independent Study on Potential Environmental Effects of Nuclear War". www.nationalacademies.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-11-02）.
Nuclear Winter Theorists Pull Back - NYTimes.com. web.archive.org. 2017-05-19 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2017-05-19.
Retro Report video - Nuclear Winter. web.archive.org. 2016-04-10 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2016-04-10.
Free online book - Nuclear War Survival Skills. web.archive.org. 2008-05-15 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2008-05-15.
Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. Nuclear Winter Reappraised. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 64 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042777. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.
DOE: HSS - redirect (PDF). web.archive.org. [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2014-10-23.
Operation Redwing - The Black Vault. web.archive.org. 2021-09-02 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2021-09-02.
Browne, Malcolm W. Nuclear Winter Theorists Pull Back. The New York Times. 1990-01-23 [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2021-11-07）（美国英语）.
Penner, Joyce E. Uncertainties in the smoke source term for ‘nuclear winter’ studies. Nature. 1986-11, 324 (6094) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/324222a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Maddox, John. From Santorini to Armageddon. Nature. 1984-01, 307 (5947) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/307107a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Maddox, John. Nuclear winter not yet established. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308011a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. Fred. Is the “nuclear winter” real?. Nature. 1984-08, 310 (5979) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/310625a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Seitz, Russell. Nuclear winter was and is debatable. Nature. 2011-07, 475 (7354) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/475037b. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Emanuel, K. A. Nuclear winter: Towards a scientific exercise. Nature. 1986-01, 319 (6051) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/319259a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Google Scholar. web.archive.org. 2021-09-04 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2021-09-04.
Candid Interviews with Former Soviet Officials Reveal U.S. Strategic Intelligence Failure Over Decades. nsarchive2.gwu.edu. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.
Nuclear Winter's Cuban Connection | Pulitzer Center. web.archive.org. 2016-12-02 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2016-12-02.
Yield-to-weight ratios. web.archive.org. 2016-10-25 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2016-10-25）.
Nuclear Weapon Initiatives: Low-Yield R&D;, Advanced Concepts, Earth Penetrators, Test Readiness. web.archive.org. 2014-11-09 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2014-11-09.
National Defense Authorization Act For Fiscal Year 2006 | Capitol Words. web.archive.org. 2015-08-05 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2015-08-05）.
Mikhail Gorbachev explains what's rotten in Russia - Salon.com. web.archive.org. 2009-02-10 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2009-02-10.
Another Return From the Cold -- Printout -- TIME. web.archive.org. 2007-09-30 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-09-30）.
Candid Interviews with Former Soviet Officials Reveal U.S. Strategic Intelligence Failure Over Decades. web.archive.org. 2011-08-05 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2011-08-05.
Biofuel process to develop sugar substitute, cellulose ethanol - PLANT - PLANT. web.archive.org. 2018-10-19 [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-10-19）.
Langan, Paul; Gnanakaran, S.; Rector, Kirk D.; Pawley, Norma; Fox, David T.; Cho, Dae Won; Hammel, Kenneth E. Exploring new strategies for cellulosic biofuels production. Energy & Environmental Science. 2011-09-27, 4 (10) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1754-5706. doi:10.1039/C1EE01268A. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
How to survive after a nuclear war: eat mushrooms and seaweed - Business Insider. web.archive.org. 2020-03-20 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2020-03-20.
Maher, Timothy M.; Baum, Seth D. Adaptation to and Recovery from Global Catastrophe. Sustainability. 2013-04, 5 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2071-1050. doi:10.3390/su5041461. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
BBC News | SCI/TECH | Supervolcanoes could trigger global freeze. web.archive.org. 2007-10-14 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2007-10-14.
77: Comet Caused Nuclear Winter | Meteors, Asteroids, & Comets | DISCOVER Magazine. web.archive.org. 2008-05-17 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2008-05-17.
A Fiery Death for Dinosaurs?. web.archive.org. 2014-01-30 [2023-12-21]. 原始内容存档于2014-01-30.
存档副本. pubs.geoscienceworld.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）.
Robertson, Douglas S.; Lewis, William M.; Sheehan, Peter M.; Toon, Owen B. K‐Pg extinction: Reevaluation of the heat‐fire hypothesis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2013-03, 118 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-8953. doi:10.1002/jgrg.20018. （原始内容存档于2024-01-16）（英语）.
Premović, Pavle. Soot in Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clays worldwide: is it really derived from fossil fuel beds close to Chicxulub?. Open Geosciences. 2012-09-01, 4 (3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2391-5447. doi:10.2478/s13533-011-0073-8. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

wikidata.org

Castle bravo: Fifty years of legend and lore. www.wikidata.org. [2023-12-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）（英语）.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Nuclear winter. Wikipedia. 2023-12-20 （英语）.

wiley.com

agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Fromm, Michael; Tupper, Andrew; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Servranckx, René; McRae, Rick. Violent pyro‐convective storm devastates Australia's capital and pollutes the stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters. 2006-03, 33 (5) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0094-8276. doi:10.1029/2005GL025161. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Kao, Chih‐Yue Jim; Glatzmaier, Gary A.; Malone, Robert C.; Turco, Richard P. Global three‐dimensional simulations of ozone depletion under postwar conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1990-12-20, 95 (D13) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/JD095iD13p22495. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Bardeen, Charles G.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Toon, Owen B.; Mills, Michael J.; Vitt, Francis; Xia, Lili; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Scherrer, Kim J. N.; Clyne, Margot; Robock, Alan. Extreme Ozone Loss Following Nuclear War Results in Enhanced Surface Ultraviolet Radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-09-27, 126 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2021JD035079. （原始内容存档于2024-01-28）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Lee‐Taylor, Julia; Robock, Alan. Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict. Earth's Future. 2014-04, 2 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2328-4277. doi:10.1002/2013EF000205. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Reisner, Jon; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Koo, Eunmo; Even, Wesley; Hecht, Matthew; Hunke, Elizabeth; Comeau, Darin; Bos, Randall; Cooley, James. Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018-03-16, 123 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1002/2017JD027331. （原始内容存档于2024-01-30）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B.; Bardeen, Charles G. Comment on “Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapon Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based on Detailed Source Calculations” by Reisner et al.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-12-16, 124 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030777. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Wagman, Benjamin M.; Lundquist, Katherine A.; Tang, Qi; Glascoe, Lee G.; Bader, David C. Examining the Climate Effects of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange Using a Multiscale Atmospheric Modeling Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020-12-27, 125 (24) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD033056. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Redfern, Stephanie; Lundquist, Julie K.; Toon, Owen B.; Muñoz‐Esparza, Domingo; Bardeen, Charles G.; Kosović, Branko. Upper Troposphere Smoke Injection From Large Areal Fires. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-12-16, 126 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD034332. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Tarshish, Nathaniel; Romps, David M. Latent Heating Is Required for Firestorm Plumes to Reach the Stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2022-09-27, 127 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2022JD036667. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Bardeen, Charles G.; Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Winter Responses to Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-08-16, 124 (15) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030509. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Robertson, Douglas S.; Lewis, William M.; Sheehan, Peter M.; Toon, Owen B. K‐Pg extinction: Reevaluation of the heat‐fire hypothesis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2013-03, 118 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-8953. doi:10.1002/jgrg.20018. （原始内容存档于2024-01-16）（英语）.

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13): 2006JD008235. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235 （英语）.

doi.wiley.com

Christie, A. D. Atmospheric ozone depletion by nuclear weapons testing. Journal of Geophysical Research. 1976-05-20, 81 (15). doi:10.1029/JC081i015p02583 （英语）.

worldcat.org

Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13): 2006JD008235. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235 （英语）.
Baum, Seth D. Winter-safe Deterrence: The Risk of Nuclear Winter and Its Challenge to Deterrence. Contemporary Security Policy. 2015-01-02, 36 (1): 123–148 [2021-01-24]. ISSN 1352-3260. doi:10.1080/13523260.2015.1012346. （原始内容存档于2020-02-22）（英语）.
Robock, Alan. Nuclear winter is a real and present danger. Nature. 2011-05-19, 473 (7347): 275–276. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/473275a （英语）.
McGhan, M.; Shaw, Alan; Megill, L. R.; Sedlacek, W.; Guthals, P. R.; Fowler, M. M. Measurements of nitric oxide after a nuclear burst. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 1981-02-20, 86 (C2). ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/jc086ic02p01167.
Robock, A.; Oman, L.; Stenchikov, G. L.; Toon, O. B.; Bardeen, C.; Turco, R. P. Climatic consequences of regional nuclear conflicts. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2007-04-19, 7 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-7-2003-2007. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Xia, Lili; Robock, Alan; Scherrer, Kim; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Weindl, Isabelle; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B.; Heneghan, Ryan. Global food insecurity and famine from reduced crop, marine fishery and livestock production due to climate disruption from nuclear war soot injection. Nature Food. 2022-08, 3 (8) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 2662-1355. doi:10.1038/s43016-022-00573-0. （原始内容存档于2023-04-18）（英语）.
Jägermeyr, Jonas; Robock, Alan; Elliott, Joshua; Müller, Christoph; Xia, Lili; Khabarov, Nikolay; Folberth, Christian; Schmid, Erwin; Liu, Wenfeng; Zabel, Florian; Rabin, Sam S. A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020-03-31, 117 (13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7132296 . PMID 32179678. doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Nuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2007-07-16, 112 (D13) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2006JD008235. （原始内容存档于2023-12-17）（英语）.
Fromm, Michael; Tupper, Andrew; Rosenfeld, Daniel; Servranckx, René; McRae, Rick. Violent pyro‐convective storm devastates Australia's capital and pollutes the stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters. 2006-03, 33 (5) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0094-8276. doi:10.1029/2005GL025161. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Aftermath of the San Francisco Fire. Scientific American. 1906-08-18, 95 (7). ISSN 0036-8733. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican08181906-110a.
Jacob, D. J.; Crawford, J. H.; Maring, H.; Clarke, A. D.; Dibb, J. E.; Emmons, L. K.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Russell, P. B.; Singh, H. B.; Thompson, A. M. The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first results. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2010-06-14, 10 (11) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 1680-7316. doi:10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Zveryaev, Igor I. Interdecadal changes in the links between European precipitation and atmospheric circulation during boreal spring and fall. Tellus A. 2009-01. ISSN 1600-0870. doi:10.3402/tellusa.v61i1.15523.
Fromm, Michael; Lindsey, Daniel T.; Servranckx, René; Yue, Glenn; Trickl, Thomas; Sica, Robert; Doucet, Paul; Godin-Beekmann, Sophie. The Untold Story of Pyrocumulonimbus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2010-09-01, 91 (9) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0003-0007. doi:10.1175/2010BAMS3004.1. （原始内容存档于2024-02-01）（英语）.
98/03334 Analysis and elimination of trace organic compounds in smoke from burning coal. Fuel and Energy Abstracts. 1998-07, 39 (4). ISSN 0140-6701. doi:10.1016/s0140-6701(98)96859-x.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Turco, Richard P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Garcia, Rolando R. Massive global ozone loss predicted following regional nuclear conflict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008-04-08, 105 (14) [2023-12-18]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2291128 . PMID 18391218. doi:10.1073/pnas.0710058105. （原始内容存档于2023-12-18）（英语）.
Kao, Chih‐Yue Jim; Glatzmaier, Gary A.; Malone, Robert C.; Turco, Richard P. Global three‐dimensional simulations of ozone depletion under postwar conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 1990-12-20, 95 (D13) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/JD095iD13p22495. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Bardeen, Charles G.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Toon, Owen B.; Mills, Michael J.; Vitt, Francis; Xia, Lili; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Scherrer, Kim J. N.; Clyne, Margot; Robock, Alan. Extreme Ozone Loss Following Nuclear War Results in Enhanced Surface Ultraviolet Radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-09-27, 126 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2021JD035079. （原始内容存档于2024-01-28）（英语）.
Hot ‘N’ Cold. New Scientist. 2007-01, 193 (2586). ISSN 0262-4079. doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(07)60057-8.
Virgoe, John. International governance of a possible geoengineering intervention to combat climate change. Climatic Change. 2008-12-09, 95 (1-2). ISSN 0165-0009. doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9523-9.
Hampson, John. Photochemical war on the atmosphere. Nature. 1974-07, 250 (5463) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/250189a0. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）（英语）.
Goldsmith, P.; Tuck, A. F.; Foot, J. S.; Simmons, E. L.; Newson, R. L. Nitrogen Oxides, Nuclear Weapon Testing, Concorde and Stratospheric Ozone. Nature. 1973-08, 244 (5418) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/244545a0. （原始内容存档于2023-11-18）（英语）.
Crutzen, Paul J.; Birks, John W. The Atmosphere after a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon. Ambio. 1982, 11 (2/3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0044-7447. （原始内容存档于2023-08-25）.
Aleksandrov, V.V.; Stenchikov, G.L. Numerical simulation of the climatic consequences of a nuclear war. USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics. 1984-01, 24 (1). ISSN 0041-5553. doi:10.1016/0041-5553(84)90121-6.
VISCONTI, GUIDO. Comments on “Comparative estimates of climatic consequences of Martian dust storms and of possible nuclear war” by G. S. Golitsyn and A. S. Ginsburg. Tellus B. 1986-07-09, 38B (3-4). ISSN 0280-6509. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00195.x.
Covey, Curt; Schneider, Stephen H.; Thompson, Starley L. Global atmospheric effects of massive smoke injections from a nuclear war: results from general circulation model simulations. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308021a0. （原始内容存档于2023-02-13）（英语）.
Husain, Tahir. Kuwaiti oil fires—Modeling revisited. Atmospheric Environment. 1994-07-01, 28 (13). ISSN 1352-2310. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90361-1.
Hobbs, P. V.; Radke, L. F. Airborne Studies of the Smoke from the Kuwait Oil Fires. Science. 1992-05-15, 256 (5059). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.256.5059.987 （英语）.
Khordagui, Hosny; Al-Ajmi, Dhari. Environmental impact of the Gulf War: An integrated preliminary assessment. Environmental Management. 1993-07-01, 17 (4). ISSN 1432-1009. doi:10.1007/BF02394670 （英语）.
Browning, K. A.; Allam, R. J.; Ballard, S. P.; Barnes, R. T. H.; Bennetts, D. A.; Maryon, R. H.; Mason, P. J.; McKenna, D.; Mitchell, J. F. B.; Senior, C. A.; Slingo, A. Environmental effects from burning oil wells in Kuwait. Nature. 1991-05, 351 (6325) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/351363a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Ayala, Francisco J. The Candle and the Darkness:The Demon-Haunted World. Science as a Candle in the Dark. Carl Sagan. Random House, New York, 1996. xviii, 460 pp. $25.95 or C$35.95.. Science. 1996-07-26, 273 (5274). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.273.5274.442.
Lisowski, Eva. Potential Use of Low-Yield Nuclear Weapons in a Korean Context. Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament. 2022-04-05, 5 (sup1). ISSN 2575-1654. doi:10.1080/25751654.2022.2057672.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen Brian. Self-assured destruction: The climate impacts of nuclear war. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2012-03, 68 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0096-3402. doi:10.1177/0096340212459127. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Mills, Michael J.; Toon, Owen B.; Lee‐Taylor, Julia; Robock, Alan. Multidecadal global cooling and unprecedented ozone loss following a regional nuclear conflict. Earth's Future. 2014-04, 2 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2328-4277. doi:10.1002/2013EF000205. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Reisner, Jon; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Koo, Eunmo; Even, Wesley; Hecht, Matthew; Hunke, Elizabeth; Comeau, Darin; Bos, Randall; Cooley, James. Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based On Detailed Source Calculations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018-03-16, 123 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1002/2017JD027331. （原始内容存档于2024-01-30）（英语）.
Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B.; Bardeen, Charles G. Comment on “Climate Impact of a Regional Nuclear Weapon Exchange: An Improved Assessment Based on Detailed Source Calculations” by Reisner et al.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-12-16, 124 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030777. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Wagman, Benjamin M.; Lundquist, Katherine A.; Tang, Qi; Glascoe, Lee G.; Bader, David C. Examining the Climate Effects of a Regional Nuclear Weapons Exchange Using a Multiscale Atmospheric Modeling Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020-12-27, 125 (24) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD033056. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Redfern, Stephanie; Lundquist, Julie K.; Toon, Owen B.; Muñoz‐Esparza, Domingo; Bardeen, Charles G.; Kosović, Branko. Upper Troposphere Smoke Injection From Large Areal Fires. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021-12-16, 126 (23) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2020JD034332. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Tarshish, Nathaniel; Romps, David M. Latent Heating Is Required for Firestorm Plumes to Reach the Stratosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2022-09-27, 127 (18) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2022JD036667. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Pearce, Joshua M.; Denkenberger, David C. A National Pragmatic Safety Limit for Nuclear Weapon Quantities. Safety. 2018-06, 4 (2) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2313-576X. doi:10.3390/safety4020025. （原始内容存档于2018-12-22）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Bardeen, Charles G.; Robock, Alan; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Winter Responses to Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2019-08-16, 124 (15) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-897X. doi:10.1029/2019JD030509. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Coupe, Joshua; Stevenson, Samantha; Lovenduski, Nicole S.; Rohr, Tyler; Harrison, Cheryl S.; Robock, Alan; Olivarez, Holly; Bardeen, Charles G.; Toon, Owen B. Nuclear Niño response observed in simulations of nuclear war scenarios. Communications Earth & Environment. 2021-01-22, 2 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2662-4435. doi:10.1038/s43247-020-00088-1. （原始内容存档于2023-07-01）（英语）.
Kaiho, Kunio. Extinction magnitude of animals in the near future. Scientific Reports. 2022-11-23, 12 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 9684554 . PMID 36418340. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23369-5. （原始内容存档于2023-01-22）（英语）.
Martin, Brian. Nuclear winter: science and politics. Science and Public Policy. 1988-10, 15 (5). ISSN 1471-5430. doi:10.1093/spp/15.5.321.
Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. Nuclear Winter Reappraised. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 64 (5) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042777. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）.
Warner, Fredetick. Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War: An Update: Severe Global-Scale Effects of Nuclear War Reaffirmed. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development. 1987-05, 29 (4). ISSN 0013-9157. doi:10.1080/00139157.1987.9928876.
Browne, Malcolm W. Nuclear Winter Theorists Pull Back. The New York Times. 1990-01-23 [2023-12-21]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2021-11-07）（美国英语）.
Penner, Joyce E. Uncertainties in the smoke source term for ‘nuclear winter’ studies. Nature. 1986-11, 324 (6094) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/324222a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Maddox, John. From Santorini to Armageddon. Nature. 1984-01, 307 (5947) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/307107a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Maddox, John. Nuclear winter not yet established. Nature. 1984-03, 308 (5954) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/308011a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. Fred. Is the “nuclear winter” real?. Nature. 1984-08, 310 (5979) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/310625a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Singer, S. F. On a "Nuclear Winter". Science. 1985-01-25, 227 (4685). ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.227.4685.356 （英语）.
Seitz, Russell. Nuclear winter was and is debatable. Nature. 2011-07, 475 (7354) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/475037b. （原始内容存档于2023-10-14）（英语）.
Emanuel, K. A. Nuclear winter: Towards a scientific exercise. Nature. 1986-01, 319 (6051) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/319259a0. （原始内容存档于2023-10-15）（英语）.
Pielke, R. A.; Cotton, W. R.; Walko, R. L.; Tremback, C. J.; Lyons, W. A.; Grasso, L. D.; Nicholls, M. E.; Moran, M. D.; Wesley, D. A.; Lee, T. J.; Copeland, J. H. A comprehensive meteorological modeling system—RAMS. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics. 1992-03-01, 49 (1). ISSN 1436-5065. doi:10.1007/BF01025401 （英语）.
Sagan, Carl; Turco, Richard; Rathjens, George W.; Siegel, Ronald H.; Thompson, Starley L.; Schneider, Stephen H. The Nuclear Winter Debate. Foreign Affairs. 1986, 65 (1). ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20042868.
Langan, Paul; Gnanakaran, S.; Rector, Kirk D.; Pawley, Norma; Fox, David T.; Cho, Dae Won; Hammel, Kenneth E. Exploring new strategies for cellulosic biofuels production. Energy & Environmental Science. 2011-09-27, 4 (10) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 1754-5706. doi:10.1039/C1EE01268A. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Maher, Timothy M.; Baum, Seth D. Adaptation to and Recovery from Global Catastrophe. Sustainability. 2013-04, 5 (4) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2071-1050. doi:10.3390/su5041461. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.
Crutzen, Paul J. Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma?. Climatic Change. 2006-08-01, 77 (3). ISSN 1573-1480. doi:10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y （英语）.
Feichter, J.; Leisner, T. Climate engineering: A critical review of approaches to modify the global energy balance. The European Physical Journal Special Topics. 2009-09-01, 176 (1). ISSN 1951-6401. doi:10.1140/epjst/e2009-01149-8 （英语）.
Robertson, Douglas S.; Lewis, William M.; Sheehan, Peter M.; Toon, Owen B. K‐Pg extinction: Reevaluation of the heat‐fire hypothesis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. 2013-03, 118 (1) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2169-8953. doi:10.1002/jgrg.20018. （原始内容存档于2024-01-16）（英语）.
Premović, Pavle. Soot in Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clays worldwide: is it really derived from fossil fuel beds close to Chicxulub?. Open Geosciences. 2012-09-01, 4 (3) [2023-12-21]. ISSN 2391-5447. doi:10.2478/s13533-011-0073-8. （原始内容存档于2023-12-21）（英语）.

youtube.com

On the 8th Day - Nuclear Winter Documentary (1984), [2023-12-18], （原始内容存档于2017-06-14）（中文（中国大陆））