Bühring KU, Sailer H, Faro HP, Leopold G, Pabst J, Garbe A. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol-14C in three animal species and in humans. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S21–S28. PMID 2439794. S2CID 38147937. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00004.
Horikiri Y, Suzuki T, Mizobe M. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol enantiomers in humans. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. March 1998, 87 (3): 289–294. PMID 9523980. doi:10.1021/js970316d.
CIBIS-II Investigators. The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial.. The Lancet. January 1999, 353 (9146): 9–13. S2CID 10083527. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11181-9.>
Konishi M, Haraguchi G, Kimura S, Inagaki H, Kawabata M, Hachiya H, et al. Comparative effects of carvedilol vs bisoprolol for severe congestive heart failure. Circulation Journal. June 2010, 74 (6): 1127–1134. PMID 20354334. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-09-0989.
Castagno D, Jhund PS, McMurray JJ, Lewsey JD, Erdmann E, Zannad F, et al. Improved survival with bisoprolol in patients with heart failure and renal impairment: an analysis of the cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II) trial. European Journal of Heart Failure. June 2010, 12 (6): 607–616. PMID 20354032. S2CID 205048092. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfq038. hdl:2318/134969.
Leopold G, Pabst J, Ungethüm W, Bühring KU. Basic pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol, a new highly beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1986, 26 (8): 616–621. PMID 2878941. S2CID 42159046. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02959.x.
Bennett MR, Chang CL, Tuffery C, Hopping S, Hancox RJ. The impact of regular bisoprolol on the response to salbutamol in asthma: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial. Respirology. March 2021, 26 (3): 225–232. PMID 33043552. S2CID 222301890. doi:10.1111/resp.13955.
Haeusler G, Schliep HJ, Schelling P, Becker KH, Klockow M, Minck KO, et al. High beta 1-selectivity and favourable pharmacokinetics as the outstanding properties of bisoprolol. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S2–15. PMID 2439793. S2CID 24617470. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00002.
Taniguchi T, Ohtani T, Mizote I, Kanzaki M, Ichibori Y, Minamiguchi H, et al. Switching from carvedilol to bisoprolol ameliorates adverse effects in heart failure patients with dizziness or hypotension. Journal of Cardiology. June 2013, 61 (6): 417–422. PMID 23548374. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.01.009.
Schliep HJ, Schulze E, Harting J, Haeusler G. Antagonistic effects of bisoprolol on several beta-adrenoceptor-mediated actions in anaesthetized cats. European Journal of Pharmacology. April 1986, 123 (2): 253–261. PMID 3011461. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(86)90666-7.
Schliep HJ, Harting J. Beta 1-selectivity of bisoprolol, a new beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, in anesthetized dogs and guinea pigs. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1984, 6 (6): 1156–1160. PMID 6084774. doi:10.1097/00005344-198406060-00024.
Schnabel P, Maack C, Mies F, Tyroller S, Scheer A, Böhm M. Binding properties of beta-blockers at recombinant beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptors. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. October 2000, 36 (4): 466–471. PMID 11026647. doi:10.1097/00005344-200010000-00008.
Smith C, Teitler M. Beta-blocker selectivity at cloned human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. April 1999, 13 (2): 123–126. PMID 10372227. S2CID 12639448. doi:10.1023/A:1007784109255.
Bundkirchen A, Brixius K, Bölck B, Nguyen Q, Schwinger RH. Beta 1-adrenoceptor selectivity of nebivolol and bisoprolol. A comparison of [3H]CGP 12.177 and [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding studies. European Journal of Pharmacology. January 2003, 460 (1): 19–26. PMID 12535855. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02875-3.
Kirch W, Rose I, Demers HG, Leopold G, Pabst J, Ohnhaus EE. Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol during repeated oral administration to healthy volunteers and patients with kidney or liver disease. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. August 1987, 13 (2): 110–117. PMID 2887325. S2CID 25105692. doi:10.2165/00003088-198713020-00003.
Cvan Trobec K, Grabnar I, Kerec Kos M, Vovk T, Trontelj J, Anker SD, et al. Bisoprolol pharmacokinetics and body composition in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. July 2016, 72 (7): 813–822. PMID 26996442. S2CID 14146663. doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2041-1.
World Health Organization. The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2023. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
Castagno D, Jhund PS, McMurray JJ, Lewsey JD, Erdmann E, Zannad F, et al. Improved survival with bisoprolol in patients with heart failure and renal impairment: an analysis of the cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II) trial. European Journal of Heart Failure. June 2010, 12 (6): 607–616. PMID 20354032. S2CID 205048092. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfq038. hdl:2318/134969.
Bühring KU, Sailer H, Faro HP, Leopold G, Pabst J, Garbe A. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol-14C in three animal species and in humans. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S21–S28. PMID 2439794. S2CID 38147937. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00004.
Horikiri Y, Suzuki T, Mizobe M. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol enantiomers in humans. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. March 1998, 87 (3): 289–294. PMID 9523980. doi:10.1021/js970316d.
Konishi M, Haraguchi G, Kimura S, Inagaki H, Kawabata M, Hachiya H, et al. Comparative effects of carvedilol vs bisoprolol for severe congestive heart failure. Circulation Journal. June 2010, 74 (6): 1127–1134. PMID 20354334. doi:10.1253/circj.cj-09-0989.
Castagno D, Jhund PS, McMurray JJ, Lewsey JD, Erdmann E, Zannad F, et al. Improved survival with bisoprolol in patients with heart failure and renal impairment: an analysis of the cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II) trial. European Journal of Heart Failure. June 2010, 12 (6): 607–616. PMID 20354032. S2CID 205048092. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfq038. hdl:2318/134969.
Leopold G, Pabst J, Ungethüm W, Bühring KU. Basic pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol, a new highly beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1986, 26 (8): 616–621. PMID 2878941. S2CID 42159046. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02959.x.
Bennett MR, Chang CL, Tuffery C, Hopping S, Hancox RJ. The impact of regular bisoprolol on the response to salbutamol in asthma: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial. Respirology. March 2021, 26 (3): 225–232. PMID 33043552. S2CID 222301890. doi:10.1111/resp.13955.
Bristow MR, Hershberger RE, Port JD, Minobe W, Rasmussen R. Beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor-mediated adenylate cyclase stimulation in nonfailing and failing human ventricular myocardium. Molecular Pharmacology. March 1989, 35 (3): 295–303. PMID 2564629.
Haeusler G, Schliep HJ, Schelling P, Becker KH, Klockow M, Minck KO, et al. High beta 1-selectivity and favourable pharmacokinetics as the outstanding properties of bisoprolol. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S2–15. PMID 2439793. S2CID 24617470. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00002.
Taniguchi T, Ohtani T, Mizote I, Kanzaki M, Ichibori Y, Minamiguchi H, et al. Switching from carvedilol to bisoprolol ameliorates adverse effects in heart failure patients with dizziness or hypotension. Journal of Cardiology. June 2013, 61 (6): 417–422. PMID 23548374. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.01.009.
Klockow M, Greiner HE, Haase A, Schmitges CJ, Seyfried C. Studies on the receptor profile of bisoprolol. Arzneimittel-Forschung. February 1986, 36 (2): 197–200. PMID 2870719.
Schliep HJ, Schulze E, Harting J, Haeusler G. Antagonistic effects of bisoprolol on several beta-adrenoceptor-mediated actions in anaesthetized cats. European Journal of Pharmacology. April 1986, 123 (2): 253–261. PMID 3011461. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(86)90666-7.
Schliep HJ, Harting J. Beta 1-selectivity of bisoprolol, a new beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, in anesthetized dogs and guinea pigs. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1984, 6 (6): 1156–1160. PMID 6084774. doi:10.1097/00005344-198406060-00024.
Schnabel P, Maack C, Mies F, Tyroller S, Scheer A, Böhm M. Binding properties of beta-blockers at recombinant beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptors. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. October 2000, 36 (4): 466–471. PMID 11026647. doi:10.1097/00005344-200010000-00008.
Smith C, Teitler M. Beta-blocker selectivity at cloned human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. April 1999, 13 (2): 123–126. PMID 10372227. S2CID 12639448. doi:10.1023/A:1007784109255.
Bundkirchen A, Brixius K, Bölck B, Nguyen Q, Schwinger RH. Beta 1-adrenoceptor selectivity of nebivolol and bisoprolol. A comparison of [3H]CGP 12.177 and [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding studies. European Journal of Pharmacology. January 2003, 460 (1): 19–26. PMID 12535855. doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(02)02875-3.
Kirch W, Rose I, Demers HG, Leopold G, Pabst J, Ohnhaus EE. Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol during repeated oral administration to healthy volunteers and patients with kidney or liver disease. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. August 1987, 13 (2): 110–117. PMID 2887325. S2CID 25105692. doi:10.2165/00003088-198713020-00003.
Cvan Trobec K, Grabnar I, Kerec Kos M, Vovk T, Trontelj J, Anker SD, et al. Bisoprolol pharmacokinetics and body composition in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. July 2016, 72 (7): 813–822. PMID 26996442. S2CID 14146663. doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2041-1.
Bühring KU, Sailer H, Faro HP, Leopold G, Pabst J, Garbe A. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of bisoprolol-14C in three animal species and in humans. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S21–S28. PMID 2439794. S2CID 38147937. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00004.
CIBIS-II Investigators. The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial.. The Lancet. January 1999, 353 (9146): 9–13. S2CID 10083527. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(98)11181-9.>
Castagno D, Jhund PS, McMurray JJ, Lewsey JD, Erdmann E, Zannad F, et al. Improved survival with bisoprolol in patients with heart failure and renal impairment: an analysis of the cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS-II) trial. European Journal of Heart Failure. June 2010, 12 (6): 607–616. PMID 20354032. S2CID 205048092. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfq038. hdl:2318/134969.
Leopold G, Pabst J, Ungethüm W, Bühring KU. Basic pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol, a new highly beta 1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1986, 26 (8): 616–621. PMID 2878941. S2CID 42159046. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02959.x.
Bennett MR, Chang CL, Tuffery C, Hopping S, Hancox RJ. The impact of regular bisoprolol on the response to salbutamol in asthma: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial. Respirology. March 2021, 26 (3): 225–232. PMID 33043552. S2CID 222301890. doi:10.1111/resp.13955.
Haeusler G, Schliep HJ, Schelling P, Becker KH, Klockow M, Minck KO, et al. High beta 1-selectivity and favourable pharmacokinetics as the outstanding properties of bisoprolol. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology. 1986, 8 (Suppl 11): S2–15. PMID 2439793. S2CID 24617470. doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00002.
Smith C, Teitler M. Beta-blocker selectivity at cloned human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. April 1999, 13 (2): 123–126. PMID 10372227. S2CID 12639448. doi:10.1023/A:1007784109255.
Kirch W, Rose I, Demers HG, Leopold G, Pabst J, Ohnhaus EE. Pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol during repeated oral administration to healthy volunteers and patients with kidney or liver disease. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. August 1987, 13 (2): 110–117. PMID 2887325. S2CID 25105692. doi:10.2165/00003088-198713020-00003.
Cvan Trobec K, Grabnar I, Kerec Kos M, Vovk T, Trontelj J, Anker SD, et al. Bisoprolol pharmacokinetics and body composition in patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal study. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. July 2016, 72 (7): 813–822. PMID 26996442. S2CID 14146663. doi:10.1007/s00228-016-2041-1.