Henry Speck, "Alexander at the Persian Gates. A Study in Historiography and Topography" in: American Journal of Ancient History n.s. 1.1 (2002) 15-234; more... (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
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Robinson, Cyril Edward. A History of Greece. Methuen & Company Limited. 1929 [2016年2月25日]. (原始内容存档于2014年7月2日).
Henry Speck, "Alexander at the Persian Gates. A Study in Historiography and Topography" in: American Journal of Ancient History n.s. 1.1 (2002) 15-234; more... (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).