生物多樣性 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "生物多樣性" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Chinese rank

137web.archive.org

1^st place

127doi.org

2^nd place

23^rd place

75nih.gov

4^th place

5^th place

62semanticscholar.org

11^th place

332^nd place

42harvard.edu

18^th place

57^th place

30books.google.com

3^rd place

8^th place

17archive.org

6^th place

4^th place

7jstor.org

26^th place

113^th place

7theguardian.com

12^th place

60^th place

5handle.net

102^nd place

492^nd place

5europa.eu

68^th place

209^th place

4worldcat.org

5^th place

12^th place

4psu.edu

207^th place

628^th place

4cbd.int

6,554^th place

7,221^st place

3ipbes.net

low place

3cohabnet.org

low place

3millenniumassessment.org

low place

3scientificamerican.com

896^th place

1,333^rd place

3nytimes.com

7^th place

31^st place

2fao.org

318^th place

407^th place

2hawaii.edu

1,308^th place

1,770^th place

2nature.com

234^th place

227^th place

2pbs.org

198^th place

378^th place

2panda.org

3,515^th place

3,719^th place

2bbc.co.uk

8^th place

32^nd place

2archive.today

14^th place

18^th place

2publishing.service.gov.uk

1,877^th place

4,656^th place

2iucnredlist.org

88^th place

102^nd place

2ecowatch.com

low place

2e-info.org.tw

low place

725^th place

2science.org

1,160^th place

1,594^th place

2iucn.org

3,100^th place

3,305^th place

2moj.gov.tw

3,914^th place

169^th place

2nap.edu

2,128^th place

1,765^th place

2si.edu

340^th place

742^nd place

1kirkusreviews.com

1,152^nd place

low place

1brookings.edu

1,634^th place

2,089^th place

1nature.org

9,553^rd place

low place

1biodiv.be

low place

1jonlefcheck.net

low place

1wm.edu

4,553^rd place

7,431^st place

1geomar.de

low place

1biodiversitya-z.org

low place

1uwc.ac.za

low place

1humboldt.org.co

low place

1unep.org

3,624^th place

3,175^th place

1stanford.edu

179^th place

275^th place

1elementy.ru

2,937^th place

low place

1amnh.org

1,578^th place

2,158^th place

1slu.se

9,598^th place

low place

1bu.edu

2,120^th place

3,098^th place

1escholarship.org

1,523^rd place

3,448^th place

1lumrix.net

low place

1illinois.edu

1,349^th place

2,070^th place

1cornell.edu

332^nd place

526^th place

1who.int

195^th place

179^th place

1unenvironment.org

low place

1gmo-compass.org

low place

1ias.ac.in

6,086^th place

low place

1wri.org

8,960^th place

4,935^th place

1ecometrica.com

low place

1free.fr

321^st place

1,231^st place

1npr.org

92^nd place

352^nd place

1lemonde.fr

83^rd place

1,055^th place

1umich.edu

459^th place

752^nd place

1jcvi.org

low place

1ploscollections.org

low place

1ucsd.edu

1,933^rd place

1,288^th place

1arizona.edu

1,592^nd place

1,417^th place

1uzh.ch

3,633^rd place

low place

1winnipegfreepress.com

3,383^rd place

7,786^th place

1rackcdn.com

7,793^rd place

low place

1worldwildlife.org

1,982^nd place

4,739^th place

1bbc.com

20^th place

41^st place

1nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

408^th place

1zenodo.org

621^st place

1,608^th place

1eoearth.org

4,895^th place

5,822^nd place

1yale.edu

565^th place

664^th place

1enn.com

low place

1scienceconnection.be

low place

1ncsu.edu

2,542^nd place

4,015^th place

1independent.co.uk

36^th place

153^rd place

1sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

1,142^nd place

1indianf.com

low place

1farmedia.org

low place

1umn.edu

1,266^th place

1,781^st place

1unibo.it

4,963^rd place

low place

1nativeseednetwork.org

low place

1rirdc.gov.au

low place

1ipcc.ch

1,778^th place

1,933^rd place

1tropecol.com

low place

1rero.ch

3,510^th place

low place

1un.org

97^th place

122^nd place

1earth-syst-dynam-discuss.net

low place

1cnn.com

28^th place

71^st place

1telegraph.co.uk

30^th place

111^th place

1ghostarchive.org

32^nd place

657^th place

1cbsnews.com

108^th place

449^th place

1eurekalert.org

3,538^th place

2,893^rd place

1uv.mx

low place

1uvm.edu

6,270^th place

9,951^st place

1thehill.com

476^th place

1,277^th place

1amphibians.org

low place

1ryerson.ca

low place

1u-psud.fr

low place

1earthtimes.org

low place

9,912^th place

1hbvl.be

7,838^th place

low place

1dolomitipark.it

low place

1sciencenews.org

3,410^th place

3,858^th place

1unep-wcmc.org

9,435^th place

low place

1ecfr.gov

5,608^th place

8,619^th place

1gesetze-im-internet.de

1,249^th place

5,289^th place

1thenewslens.com

4,052^nd place

159^th place

1mdvnaturalist.com

low place

1phys.org

1,283^rd place

2,386^th place

1oup.com

485^th place

489^th place

1ornl.gov

5,534^th place

3,178^th place

1atri.org.tw

low place

1iit.edu

low place

1ssrn.com

703^rd place

1,016^th place

amnh.org

National Survey Reveals Biodiversity Crisis 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期7 June 2007. American Museum of Natural History

amphibians.org

Example: Gascon, C., Collins, J. P., Moore, R. D., Church, D. R., McKay, J. E. and Mendelson, J. R. III (eds) (2007). Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 64pp. Amphibians.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 July 2007., see also Millenniumassessment.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Europa.eu 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期12 February 2009.

archive.org

Harris, J. Arthur. The Variable Desert. The Scientific Monthly. 1916, 3 (1): 41–50. JSTOR 6182.
Terbogh, John. The Preservation of Natural Diversity: The Problem of Extinction Prone Species. BioScience. 1974, 24 (12): 715–722. JSTOR 1297090. doi:10.2307/1297090.
Soulé, Michael E.; Wilcox, Bruce A. Conservation biology: an evolutionary-ecological perspective. Sunder*land, Mass: Sinauer Associates. 1980. ISBN 978-0-87893-800-1.
Tangley, Laura. A New Plan to Conserve the Earth's Biota. BioScience. 1985, 35 (6): 334–336+341. JSTOR 1309899. doi:10.1093/bioscience/35.6.334.
Walker, Brian H. Biodiversity and Ecological Redundancy. Conservation Biology. 1992, 6 (1): 18–23. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1992.610018.x.
Campbell, AK. Save those molecules: molecular biodiversity and life. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2003, 40 (2): 193–203. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00803.x.
Sahney, S.; Benton, M.J. & Falcon-Lang, H.J. Rainforest collapse triggered Pennsylvanian tetrapod diversification in Euramerica. Geology. 2010, 38 (12): 1079–1082. Bibcode:2010Geo....38.1079S. doi:10.1130/G31182.1.
Hawkins E.S., Reich; Reich, MR. Japanese-originated pharmaceutical products in the United States from 1960 to 1989: an assessment of innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992, 51 (1): 1–11. PMID 1732073. S2CID 46010944. doi:10.1038/clpt.1992.1.
Hawksworth, D. The magnitude of fungal diversity: The 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycological Research. 2001, 105 (12): 1422–1432. S2CID 56122588. doi:10.1017/S0953756201004725.
Giam, Xingli; Bradshaw, Corey J.A.; Tan, Hugh T.W.; Sodhi, Navjot S. Future habitat loss and the conservation of plant biodiversity. Biological Conservation. July 2010, 143 (7): 1594–1602. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.04.019 （英语）.
Torchin, Mark E.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dobson, Andrew P.; McKenzie, Valerie J.; Kuris, Armand M. Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature. 2003-02-06, 421 (6923): 628–630. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..628T. PMID 12571595. S2CID 4384385. doi:10.1038/nature01346.
Levine, J. M. Species Diversity and Biological Invasions: Relating Local Process to Community Pattern. Science. 2000-05-05, 288 (5467): 852–854. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..852L. PMID 10797006. S2CID 7363143. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.852.
Sax, Dov F.; Gaines, Steven D.; Brown, James H. Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A Comparative Study of Plants and Birds. The American Naturalist. 2002-12-01, 160 (6): 766–783. PMID 18707464. S2CID 8628360. doi:10.1086/343877.
Ellstrand, Norman C. Dangerous Liaisons? When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives 22. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003: 29–30 [2022-10-06]. ISBN 978-0-8018-7405-5. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29. （原始内容存档于2009-02-20）. Reviewed in Strauss, Steven H; DiFazio, Stephen P. Hybrids abounding. Nature Biotechnology. 2004, 22 (1): 29–30. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29.
Vignieri, S. Vanishing fauna (Special issue). Science. 2014-07-25, 345 (6195): 392–412. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..392V. PMID 25061199. doi:10.1126/science.345.6195.392 .
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. August 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.

archive.today

Article collections published by the Public Library of Science. PLoS Collections. [2011-09-24]. doi:10.1371/issue.pcol.v06.i02 (不活跃 2022-07-31). （原始内容存档于2012-09-12）.
Earth Times: show/303405,camel-cull-would-help-curb-global-warming.ht…. 2012-08-01. （原始内容存档于2012-08-01）.

arizona.edu

ag.arizona.edu

Reid, Walter V. Reversing the loss of biodiversity: An overview of international measures. Arid Lands Newsletter. Ag.arizona.edu. 1995 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-06-27）.

atri.org.tw

agritech-foresight.atri.org.tw

林奐妤；洪子淵；陳南宏. 國內外基因體工程相關法規掃描與探討. 農業科技決策資訊平台. [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-11）.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Census of Marine Life (CoML) News.BBC.co.uk （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Gabriel, Sigmar. 30% of all species lost by 2050. BBC News. 2007-03-09 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-04）.

bbc.com

Briggs, Helen. Wildlife in 'catastrophic decline' due to human destruction, scientists warn. BBC. 2020-09-10 [2020-12-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-10）.

biodiv.be

Global Biodiversity Assessment: Summary for Policy-makers. Cambridge University Press. 1995. ISBN 978-0-521-56481-6. Annex 6, Glossary. Used as source by "Biodiversity", Glossary of terms related to the CBD 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期10 September 2011., Belgian Clearing-House Mechanism. Retrieved 26 April 2006.

biodiversitya-z.org

Biodiversity A-Z. Biodiversity Hotspots. [2022-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-13）.

books.google.com

Wilson, E.O. Biodiversity. National Academies Press. 1988-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. online edition 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期13 September 2006.
Global Biodiversity Assessment: Summary for Policy-makers. Cambridge University Press. 1995. ISBN 978-0-521-56481-6. Annex 6, Glossary. Used as source by "Biodiversity", Glossary of terms related to the CBD 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期10 September 2011., Belgian Clearing-House Mechanism. Retrieved 26 April 2006.
Tor-Björn Larsson. Biodiversity evaluation tools for European forests. Wiley-Blackwell. 2001: 178 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-87-16-16434-6.
Davis. Intro To Env Engg (Sie), 4E. McGraw-Hill Education (India) Pvt Ltd. : 4 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-07-067117-1.
D. L. Hawksworth. Biodiversity: measurement and estimation 345. Springer. 1996: 6 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-412-75220-9. PMID 7972355. doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0081.
Gaston, Kevin J.; Spicer, John I. Biodiversity: An Introduction. Wiley. 2004-02-13. ISBN 978-1-4051-1857-6.
Morand, Serge; Krasnov, Boris R. The Biogeography of Host-Parasite Interactions. Oxford University Press. 2010-09-01: 93–94 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-19-956135-3.
McKee, Jeffrey K. Sparing Nature: The Conflict Between Human Population Growth and Earth's Biodiversity. Rutgers University Press. December 2004: 108 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-8135-3558-6.
White, Gilbert. letter xx. The Natural History of Selborne: With A Naturalist's Calendar & Additional Observations. Scott. 1887.
Wilson, Edward O. The Future of Life. Alfred A. Knopf. 2002-01-01. ISBN 978-0-679-45078-8.
Futuyma, Douglas J.; Shaffer, H. Bradley; Simberloff, Daniel (编). Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics: Vol 40 2009. Palo Alto, Calif.: Annual Reviews. 2009-01-01: 573–592. ISBN 978-0-8243-1440-8.
Hassan, Rashid M.; et al. Ecosystems and human well-being: current state and trends : findings of the Condition and Trends Working Group of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Island Press. 2006: 105. ISBN 978-1-55963-228-7.
Vandermeer, John H. The Ecology of Agroecosystems. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2011. ISBN 978-0-7637-7153-9.
Chivian, Eric (编). Sustaining Life: How Human Health Depends on Biodiversity. OUP US. 2008-05-15. ISBN 978-0-19-517509-7.
Corvalán, Carlos; Hales, Simon; Anthony J. McMichael. Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Health Synthesis. World Health Organization. 2005: 28. ISBN 978-92-4-156309-3.
The World Bank. Water and Development: An Evaluation of World Bank Support, 1997–2007. World Bank Publications. 2010-06-30: 79. ISBN 978-0-8213-8394-0.
Richard E. Leakey; Roger Lewin. The sixth extinction: biodiversity and its survival. Phoenix. 1996-11-04: 137–142 [2011-06-27]. ISBN 978-1-85799-473-5.
Moulton, Michael P.; Sanderson, James. Wildlife Issues in a Changing World. CRC-Press. 1998-09-01. ISBN 978-1-56670-351-2.
Chen, Jim. Across the Apocalypse on Horseback: Imperfect Legal Responses to Biodiversity Loss. The Jurisdynamics of Environmental Protection: Change and the Pragmatic Voice in Environmental Law. Environmental Law Institute. 2003: 197. ISBN 978-1-58576-071-8.
Hippo dilemma. Windows on the Wild. New Africa Books. 2005. ISBN 978-1-86928-380-3.
Ehrlich, Paul R.; Ehrlich, Anne H. Extinction: The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance of Species. Ballantine Books. 1983. ISBN 978-0-345-33094-9.
Zaid, A. Genetic pollution: Uncontrolled spread of genetic information. Glossary of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1999 [2009-06-21]. ISBN 978-92-5-104369-1.
Potts, Bradley M.; Barbour, Robert C.; Hingston, Andrew B. Genetic Pollution from Farm Forestry Using Eucalypt Species and Hydrids: A Report for the RIRDC/L & WA/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program. RIRDC. 2001. ISBN 978-0-642-58336-9. RIRDC.gov.au RIRDC Publication No 01/114; RIRDC Project No CPF – 3A 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期5 January 2016.; Australian Government, Rural Industrial Research and Development Corporation
Lovejoy, Thomas E.; Hannah, Lee Jay. Climate Change and Biodiversity 27. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2005: 41–55. ISBN 978-0-300-10425-7. PMID 18819663.
Crist, Eileen; Cafaro, Philip (编). Life on the Brink: Environmentalists Confront Overpopulation. University of Georgia Press. 2012: 83. ISBN 978-0820343853.
Davis, Peter. Museums and the natural environment: the role of natural history museums in biological conservation. Leicester University Press. 1996. ISBN 978-0-7185-1548-5.
Dyke, Fred Van. Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications. Springer Science & Business Media. 2008-02-29 [2022-10-13]. ISBN 978-1-4020-6890-4. （原始内容存档于2023-03-26）.
Hunter, Malcolm L. Fundamentals of Conservation Biology. Blackwell Science. 1996. ISBN 978-0-86542-371-8.
Soulé, Michael E. Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associates. 1986-01-01. ISBN 978-0-87893-794-3.
Sahayaraj, K. Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides. Springer. 2014-07-10. ISBN 978-81-322-1877-7 （英语）.

brookings.edu

Brown, William Y. Brown. Conserving Biological Diversity. Brookings Institution. 2011-08-09 [2022-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

bu.edu

Eric Chivian； Aaron Bernstein. How Our Health Depends on Biodiversity (PDF). the Center for Health and the Global Environment at Harvard Medical School. 2010: 6 [2022-09-22]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.

cbd.int

World Health Organization(WHO) and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2015) Connecting Global Priorities: Biodiversity and Human Health, a State of Knowledge Review . See also Website of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity on biodiversity and health （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Other relevant resources include Reports of the 1st and 2nd International Conferences on Health and Biodiversity. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期7 January 2009. See also: Website of the UN COHAB Initiative 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 February 2009.
(2009) "Climate Change and Biological Diversity" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Convention on Biological Diversity Retrieved 5 November 2009
Business and Biodiversity webpage of the U.N. Convention on Biological Diversity. Cbd.int. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-01）.
COP15: NATIONS ADOPT FOUR GOALS, 23 TARGETS FOR 2030 IN LANDMARK UN BIODIVERSITY AGREEMENT. cbd.int. 2022-12-19 [2022-12-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-20）（英语）.

cbsnews.com

Lewis, Sophie. Animal populations worldwide have declined by almost 70% in just 50 years, new report says. CBS News. 2020-09-09 [2020-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-10）. The overuse of these finite resources by at least 56% has had a devastating effect on biodiversity, which is crucial to sustaining human life on Earth. "It is like living off 1.56 Earths," Mathis Wackernagel, David Lin, Alessandro Galli and Laurel Hanscom from the Global Footprint Network said in the report.

cnn.com

Sutter, John D. How to stop the sixth mass extinction. CNN. 2016-12-12 [2017-01-01]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-13）.

cohabnet.org

World Health Organization(WHO) and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2015) Connecting Global Priorities: Biodiversity and Human Health, a State of Knowledge Review . See also Website of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity on biodiversity and health （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Other relevant resources include Reports of the 1st and 2nd International Conferences on Health and Biodiversity. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期7 January 2009. See also: Website of the UN COHAB Initiative 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 February 2009.
COHAB Initiative: Biodiversity and Human Health – the issues. Cohabnet.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-05）.
COHAB Initiative – on Natural Products and Medicinal Resources. Cohabnet.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-25）.

cornell.edu

news.cornell.edu

Ramanujan, Krishna. Study: Loss of species is bad for your health. Cornell Chronicle. 2010-12-02 [2011-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-03）.

doi.org

Terbogh, John. The Preservation of Natural Diversity: The Problem of Extinction Prone Species. BioScience. 1974, 24 (12): 715–722. JSTOR 1297090. doi:10.2307/1297090.
Wilson, E. O. Biodiversity. National Academy Press. 1988: vi [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. PMID 25032475. doi:10.17226/989. （原始内容存档于2022-03-24）.
Tangley, Laura. A New Plan to Conserve the Earth's Biota. BioScience. 1985, 35 (6): 334–336+341. JSTOR 1309899. doi:10.1093/bioscience/35.6.334.
Walker, Brian H. Biodiversity and Ecological Redundancy. Conservation Biology. 1992, 6 (1): 18–23. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1992.610018.x.
Sahney, S.; Benton, M.J.; Ferry, Paul. Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land. Biology Letters. 2010, 6 (4): 544–547. PMC 2936204 . PMID 20106856. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024.
Campbell, AK. Save those molecules: molecular biodiversity and life. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2003, 40 (2): 193–203. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00803.x.
D. L. Hawksworth. Biodiversity: measurement and estimation 345. Springer. 1996: 6 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-412-75220-9. PMID 7972355. doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0081.
The State of the World's Forests 2020. In brief – Forests, biodiversity and people. Rome, Italy: FAO & UNEP. 2020. ISBN 978-92-5-132707-4. S2CID 241416114. doi:10.4060/ca8985en.
Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Margot S. Bass; Matt Finer; Clinton N. Jenkins; Holger Kreft; Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia; Shawn F. McCracken; Nigel C. A. Pitman; Peter H. English; Kelly Swing; Gorky Villa; Anthony Di Fiore; Christian C. Voigt; Thomas H. Kunz. Global Conservation Significance of Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. PLOS ONE. 2010, 5 (1): e8767. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8767B. PMC 2808245 . PMID 20098736. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008767 .
Benton M. J. Biodiversity on land and in the sea. Geological Journal. 2001, 36 (3–4): 211–230. S2CID 140675489. doi:10.1002/gj.877.
Mora, C.; et al. How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?. PLOS Biology. 2011, 9 (8): e1001127. PMC 3160336 . PMID 21886479. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127.
Microorganisms Editorial Office. Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Microorganisms in 2018. Microorganisms. 2019-01-09, 7 (1): 13. PMC 6352028 . doi:10.3390/microorganisms7010013 .
The State of the World's Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people – In brief. Rome: FAO & UNEP. 2020. ISBN 978-92-5-132707-4. S2CID 241416114. doi:10.4060/ca8985en.
Mora C, Robertson DR. Causes of latitudinal gradients in species richness: a test with fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific (PDF). Ecology. 2005, 86 (7): 1771–1792 [2022-09-18]. doi:10.1890/04-0883. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.
Currie, D. J.; Mittelbach, G. G.; Cornell, H. V.; Kaufman, D. M.; Kerr, J. T.; Oberdorff, T. A critical review of species-energy theory. Ecology Letters. 2004, 7 (12): 1121–1134. S2CID 212930565. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00671.x.
Allen A. P.; Gillooly J. F.; Savage V. M.; Brown J. H. Kinetic effects of temperature on rates of genetic divergence and speciation. PNAS. 2006, 103 (24): 9130–9135. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.9130A. PMC 1474011 . PMID 16754845. doi:10.1073/pnas.0603587103 .
Hillebrand H. On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient (PDF). The American Naturalist. 2004, 163 (2): 192–211 [2022-09-18]. PMID 14970922. S2CID 9886026. doi:10.1086/381004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-22）.
Karakassis, Ioannis; Moustakas, Aristides. How diverse is aquatic biodiversity research?. Aquatic Ecology. September 2005, 39 (3): 367–375. S2CID 23630051. doi:10.1007/s10452-005-6041-y.
Cazzolla Gatti, R. The fractal nature of the latitudinal biodiversity gradient. Biologia. 2016, 71 (6): 669–672. S2CID 199471847. doi:10.1515/biolog-2016-0077.
Myers N. Threatened biotas: 'hot spots' in tropical forests. Environmentalist. 1988, 8 (3): 187–208. PMID 12322582. S2CID 2370659. doi:10.1007/BF02240252.
Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Harrison, Susan P., Plant Endemism in California, Plant and Animal Endemism in California (University of California Press), 2013-05-15: 43–76, ISBN 978-0-520-27554-6, doi:10.1525/california/9780520275546.003.0004
Normile, Dennis. Saving Forests to Save Biodiversity. Science. 2010-09-10, 329 (5997): 1278–1280. Bibcode:2010Sci...329.1278N. PMID 20829464. doi:10.1126/science.329.5997.1278 .
Algeo, T. J.; Scheckler, S. E. Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 1998-01-29, 353 (1365): 113–130. PMC 1692181 . doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0195.
Alroy, J; Marshall, CR; Bambach, RK; Bezusko, K; Foote, M; Fursich, FT; Hansen, TA; Holland, SM; et al. Effects of sampling standardization on estimates of Phanerozoic marine diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001, 98 (11): 6261–6266. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6261A. PMC 33456 . PMID 11353852. doi:10.1073/pnas.111144698 .
Sahney, S.; Benton, M.J. & Falcon-Lang, H.J. Rainforest collapse triggered Pennsylvanian tetrapod diversification in Euramerica. Geology. 2010, 38 (12): 1079–1082. Bibcode:2010Geo....38.1079S. doi:10.1130/G31182.1.
Sahney, S. & Benton, M.J. Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2008, 275 (1636): 759–765. PMC 2596898 . PMID 18198148. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils. Precambrian Research. Earliest Evidence of Life on Earth. 2007-10-05, 158 (3–4): 141–155. Bibcode:2007PreR..158..141S. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Okasha, S. Does diversity always grow?. Nature. 2010, 466 (7304): 318. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..318O. doi:10.1038/466318a .
Hautmann, Michael; Bagherpour, Borhan; Brosse, Morgane; Frisk, Åsa; Hofmann, Richard; Baud, Aymon; Nützel, Alexander; Goudemand, Nicolas; Bucher, Hugo; Brayard, Arnaud. Competition in slow motion: the unusual case of benthic marine communities in the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction. Palaeontology. 2015, 58 (5): 871–901. S2CID 140688908. doi:10.1111/pala.12186.
Markov, A; Korotayev, A. Phanerozoic marine biodiversity follows a hyperbolic trend. Palaeoworld. 2007, 16 (4): 311–318. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2007.01.002.
Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.
Daniel, T. C.; et al. Contributions of cultural services to the ecosystem services agenda. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012-05-21, 109 (23): 8812–8819. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.8812D. PMC 3384142 . PMID 22615401. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114773109 .
Kiaer, Lars P.; Skovgaard, M.; Østergård, Hanne. Grain yield increase in cereal variety mixtures: A meta-analysis of field trials. Field Crops Research. 2009-12-01, 114 (3): 361–373. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2009.09.006.
Letourneau, Deborah K. Does plant diversity benefit agroecosystems? A synthetic review. Ecological Applications. 2011-01-01, 21 (1): 9–21. PMID 21516884. S2CID 11439673. doi:10.1890/09-2026.1.
Piotto, Daniel. A meta-analysis comparing tree growth in monocultures and mixed plantations. Forest Ecology and Management. 2008-03-01, 255 (3–4): 781–786. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.065.
Philpott, Stacy M.; Soong, Oliver; Lowenstein, Jacob H.; Pulido, Astrid Luz; Lopez, Diego Tobar. Flynn, Dan F. B.; DeClerck, Fabrice. Functional richness and ecosystem services: bird predation on arthropods in tropical agroecosystems. Ecological Applications. 2009-10-01, 19 (7): 1858–1867. PMID 19831075. S2CID 9867979. doi:10.1890/08-1928.1.
Van Bael, Sunshine A; et al. Birds as predators in tropical agroforestry systems. Ecology. Apr 2008, 89 (4): 928–934. PMID 18481517. doi:10.1890/06-1976.1. hdl:1903/7873 .
Vance-Chalcraft, Heather D.; et al. The Influence of Intraguild Predation on Prey Suppression and Prey Release: A Meta-analysis. Ecology. 2007-11-01, 88 (11): 2689–2696. PMID 18051635. S2CID 21458500. doi:10.1890/06-1869.1.
Quijas, Sandra; Schmid, Bernhard; Balvanera, Patricia. Plant diversity enhances provision of ecosystem services: A new synthesis. Basic and Applied Ecology. 2010-11-01, 11 (7): 582–593. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.473.7444 . doi:10.1016/j.baae.2010.06.009.
Levine, Jonathan M.; Adler, Peter B.; Yelenik, Stephanie G. A meta-analysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions. Ecology Letters. 2004-09-06, 7 (10): 975–989. S2CID 85852363. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00657.x.
Crowder, David W.; et al. Organic agriculture promotes evenness and natural pest control. Nature. 2010, 466 (7302): 109–112. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..109C. PMID 20596021. S2CID 205221308. doi:10.1038/nature09183.
Andow, D A. Vegetational Diversity and Arthropod Population Response. Annual Review of Entomology. 1991-01-01, 36 (1): 561–586. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.36.010191.003021.
Keesing, Felicia; et al. Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. Nature. Dec 2010, 468 (7324): 647–652. Bibcode:2010Natur.468..647K. PMC 7094913 . PMID 21124449. doi:10.1038/nature09575.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.; et al. Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence. Nature. 2013-02-13, 494 (7436): 230–233. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..230J. PMID 23407539. S2CID 205232648. doi:10.1038/nature11883.
Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Costanza, Robert; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0.
Bommarco. Ecological intensification: harnessing ecosystem services for food security. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2013, 28 (4): 230–238. PMID 23153724. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2012.10.012.
Wahl, GM; Robert de Saint Vincent B; Derose, ML. Effect of chromosomal position on amplification of transfected genes in animal cells. Nature. 1984, 307 (5951): 516–520. Bibcode:1984Natur.307..516W. PMID 6694743. S2CID 4322191. doi:10.1038/307516a0.
Gaston, Kevin J.; Warren, Philip H.; Devine-Wright, Patrick; Irvine, Katherine N.; Fuller, Richard A. Psychological benefits of greenspace increase with biodiversity. Biology Letters. 2007, 3 (4): 390–394. PMC 2390667 . PMID 17504734. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0149.
Mendelsohn, Robert; Balick, Michael J. The value of undiscovered pharmaceuticals in tropical forests. Economic Botany. 1995-04-01, 49 (2): 223–228. S2CID 39978586. doi:10.1007/BF02862929.
Mendelsohn, Robert; Balick, Michael J. Notes on economic plants. Economic Botany. 1997-07-01, 51 (3): 328. S2CID 5430635. doi:10.1007/BF02862103.
Harvey, Alan L. Natural products in drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today. 2008-10-01, 13 (19–20): 894–901. PMID 18691670. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2008.07.004.
Hawkins E.S., Reich; Reich, MR. Japanese-originated pharmaceutical products in the United States from 1960 to 1989: an assessment of innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992, 51 (1): 1–11. PMID 1732073. S2CID 46010944. doi:10.1038/clpt.1992.1.
Dhillion, SS; Svarstad, H; Amundsen, C; Bugge, HC. Bioprospecting: Effects on environment and development. Ambio. 2002, 31 (6): 491–493. JSTOR 4315292. PMID 12436849. doi:10.1639/0044-7447(2002)031[0491:beoead]2.0.co;2.
Cole, A. Looking for new compounds in sea is endangering ecosystem. BMJ. 2005-07-16, 330 (7504): 1350. PMC 558324 . PMID 15947392. doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7504.1350-d.
Tribot, A.; Mouquet, N.; Villeger, S.; Raymond, M.; Hoff, F.; Boissery, P.; Holon, F.; Deter, J. Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs (PDF). Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 34229 [2022-09-26]. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634229T. PMC 5039688 . PMID 27677850. doi:10.1038/srep34229. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-01）.
LOSEY, JOHN E.; VAUGHAN, MACE. The Economic Value of Ecological Services Provided by Insects. BioScience. 2006-01-01, 56 (4): 311. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2006)56[311:TEVOES]2.0.CO;2 .
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; Simpson, Alastair G. B.; Worm, Boris; Mace, Georgina M. How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?. PLOS Biology. 2011-08-23, 9 (8): e1001127. PMC 3160336 . PMID 21886479. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127.
Wilson, J. Bastow; Peet, Robert K.; Dengler, Jürgen; Pärtel, Meelis. Plant species richness: the world records. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2012-08-01, 23 (4): 796–802. S2CID 53548257. doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01400.x.
Appeltans, W.; Ahyong, S. T.; Anderson, G; Angel, M. V.; Artois, T.; and 118 others. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology. 2012, 22 (23): 2189–2202. PMID 23159596. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036 .
Hawksworth, D. L. Global species numbers of fungi: are tropical studies and molecular approaches contributing to a more robust estimate?. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2012-07-24, 21 (9): 2425–2433. S2CID 15087855. doi:10.1007/s10531-012-0335-x.
Hawksworth, D. The magnitude of fungal diversity: The 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycological Research. 2001, 105 (12): 1422–1432. S2CID 56122588. doi:10.1017/S0953756201004725.
Article collections published by the Public Library of Science. PLoS Collections. [2011-09-24]. doi:10.1371/issue.pcol.v06.i02 (不活跃 2022-07-31). （原始内容存档于2012-09-12）.
Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.
De Vos JM, Joppa LN, Gittleman JL, Stephens PR, Pimm SL. Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction (PDF). Conservation Biology. April 2015, 29 (2): 452–62 [2022-09-28]. PMID 25159086. S2CID 19121609. doi:10.1111/cobi.12380. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.
Ceballos G, Ehrlich PR, Raven PH. Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. June 2020, 117 (24): 13596–13602. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11713596C. PMC 7306750 . PMID 32482862. doi:10.1073/pnas.1922686117 .
Hallmann, Caspar A.; Sorg, Martin; Jongejans, Eelke; Siepel, Henk; Hofland, Nick; Schwan, Heinz; Stenmans, Werner; Müller, Andreas; Sumser, Hubert; Hörren, Thomas; Goulson, Dave. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLOS ONE. 2017-10-18, 12 (10): e0185809. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285809H. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5646769 . PMID 29045418. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185809  （英语）.
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity. Nature Communications. 2020, 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. PMC 7723057 . PMID 33293507. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3.
Mac Nally, Ralph; Bennett, Andrew F.; Thomson, James R.; Radford, James Q.; Unmack, Guy; Horrocks, Gregory; Vesk, Peter A. Collapse of an avifauna: climate change appears to exacerbate habitat loss and degradation. Diversity and Distributions. July 2009, 15 (4): 720–730. S2CID 84705733. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00578.x （英语）.
Nogué, Sandra; Rull, Valentí; Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa. Modeling biodiversity loss by global warming on Pantepui, northern South America: projected upward migration and potential habitat loss. Climatic Change. 2009-02-24, 94 (1–2): 77–85. Bibcode:2009ClCh...94...77N. S2CID 154910127. doi:10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x.
Drakare, Stina; Lennon, Jack J.; Hillebrand, Helmut. The imprint of the geographical, evolutionary and ecological context on species-area relationships. Ecology Letters. 2006, 9 (2): 215–227. PMID 16958886. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00848.x.
Liscow, Zachary D. Do property rights promote investment but cause deforestation? Quasi-experimental evidence from Nicaragua. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. March 2013, 65 (2): 241–261 [2022-10-03]. S2CID 115140212. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.001. （原始内容存档于2021-04-26）（英语）.
Giam, Xingli; Bradshaw, Corey J.A.; Tan, Hugh T.W.; Sodhi, Navjot S. Future habitat loss and the conservation of plant biodiversity. Biological Conservation. July 2010, 143 (7): 1594–1602. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.04.019 （英语）.
Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.
Torchin, Mark E.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dobson, Andrew P.; McKenzie, Valerie J.; Kuris, Armand M. Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature. 2003-02-06, 421 (6923): 628–630. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..628T. PMID 12571595. S2CID 4384385. doi:10.1038/nature01346.
Levine, Jonathan M.; D'Antonio, Carla M. Elton Revisited: A Review of Evidence Linking Diversity and Invasibility. Oikos. 1999-10-01, 87 (1): 15. JSTOR 3546992. S2CID 13987518. doi:10.2307/3546992.
Levine, J. M. Species Diversity and Biological Invasions: Relating Local Process to Community Pattern. Science. 2000-05-05, 288 (5467): 852–854. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..852L. PMID 10797006. S2CID 7363143. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.852.
GUREVITCH, J; PADILLA, D. Are invasive species a major cause of extinctions?. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2004-09-01, 19 (9): 470–474. PMID 16701309. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.07.005.
Sax, Dov F.; Gaines, Steven D.; Brown, James H. Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A Comparative Study of Plants and Birds. The American Naturalist. 2002-12-01, 160 (6): 766–783. PMID 18707464. S2CID 8628360. doi:10.1086/343877.
Gaston, Kevin J. Global patterns in biodiversity. Nature. 2000-05-11, 405 (6783): 220–227. PMID 10821282. doi:10.1038/35012228 （英语）.
Field, Richard; Hawkins, Bradford A.; Cornell, Howard V.; Currie, David J.; Diniz-Filho, J. Alexandre F.; Guégan, Jean-François; Kaufman, Dawn M.; Kerr, Jeremy T.; Mittelbach, Gary G.; Oberdorff, Thierry; O’Brien, Eileen M.; Turner, John R. G. Spatial species-richness gradients across scales: a meta-analysis. Journal of Biogeography. 2009-01-01, 36 (1): 132–147. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01963.x.
Ellstrand, Norman C. Dangerous Liaisons? When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives 22. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003: 29–30 [2022-10-06]. ISBN 978-0-8018-7405-5. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29. （原始内容存档于2009-02-20）. Reviewed in Strauss, Steven H; DiFazio, Stephen P. Hybrids abounding. Nature Biotechnology. 2004, 22 (1): 29–30. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29.
Mooney, H. A.; Cleland, EE. The evolutionary impact of invasive species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001, 98 (10): 5446–5451. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.5446M. PMC 33232 . PMID 11344292. doi:10.1073/pnas.091093398 .
Rhymer, Judith M.; Simberloff, Daniel. Extinction by Hybridization and Introgression. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 1996, 27: 83–109. JSTOR 2097230. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.83.
Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P. What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist. 2004-11-18, 165 (2): 351–372. PMID 15720649. S2CID 25887592. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x.
Doney, Scott C.; Fabry, Victoria J.; Feely, Richard A.; Kleypas, Joan A. Ocean Acidification: The Other CO Problem. Annual Review of Marine Science. 2009-01-01, 1 (1): 169–192. Bibcode:2009ARMS....1..169D. PMID 21141034. S2CID 402398. doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163834.
Loarie, Scott R.; Duffy, Philip B.; Hamilton, Healy; Asner, Gregory P.; Field, Christopher B.; Ackerly, David D. The velocity of climate change. Nature. 2009-12-24, 462 (7276): 1052–1055. Bibcode:2009Natur.462.1052L. PMID 20033047. S2CID 4419902. doi:10.1038/nature08649.
Walther, Gian-Reto; Roques, Alain; Hulme, Philip E.; Sykes, Martin T.; Pyšek, Petr. Kühn, Ingolf; Zobel, Martin; Bacher, Sven; Botta-Dukát, Zoltán; Bugmann, Harald. Alien species in a warmer world: risks and opportunities (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2009-12-01, 24 (12): 686–693 [2022-10-07]. PMID 19712994. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.008. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.
Hegland, Stein Joar; Nielsen, Anders; Lázaro, Amparo; Bjerknes, Anne-Line; Totland, Ørjan. How does climate warming affect plant-pollinator interactions?. Ecology Letters. 2009-02-01, 12 (2): 184–195. PMID 19049509. S2CID 9483613. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01269.x.
Min, Seung-Ki; Xuebin Zhang; Francis W. Zwiers; Gabriele C. Hegerl. Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes. Nature. 2011-02-17, 470 (7334): 378–381. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..378M. PMID 21331039. S2CID 1770045. doi:10.1038/nature09763.
Visconti, Piero; et al. Projecting global biodiversity indicators under future development scenarios. Conservation Letters. February 2015, 9: 5–13. doi:10.1111/conl.12159 .
Frick, W. F.; Stepanian, P. M.; Kelly, J. F.; Howard, K. W.; Kuster, C. M.; Kunz, T. H.; Chilson, P. B. Climate and Weather Impact Timing of Emergence of Bats. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (8): e42737. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...742737F. PMC 3411708 . PMID 22876331. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042737 .
Dumont, E. Estimated impact of global population growth on future wilderness extent. (PDF). Earth System Dynamics Discussions. 2012, 3 (1): 433–452 [2013-04-03]. Bibcode:2012ESDD....3..433D. doi:10.5194/esdd-3-433-2012. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-11-22）.
Bradshaw, Corey J. A.; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Beattie, Andrew; Ceballos, Gerardo; Crist, Eileen; Diamond, Joan; Dirzo, Rodolfo; Ehrlich, Anne H.; Harte, John; Harte, Mary Ellen; Pyke, Graham; Raven, Peter H.; Ripple, William J.; Saltré, Frédérik; Turnbull, Christine; Wackernagel, Mathis; Blumstein, Daniel T. Underestimating the Challenges of Avoiding a Ghastly Future. Frontiers in Conservation Science. 2021, 1. doi:10.3389/fcosc.2020.615419 .
Stokstad, Erik. Landmark analysis documents the alarming global decline of nature. Science. 2019-05-06. doi:10.1126/science.aax9287 . For the first time at a global scale, the report has ranked the causes of damage. Topping the list, changes in land use—principally agriculture—that have destroyed habitat. Second, hunting and other kinds of exploitation. These are followed by climate change, pollution, and invasive species, which are being spread by trade and other activities. Climate change will likely overtake the other threats in the next decades, the authors note. Driving these threats are the growing human population, which has doubled since 1970 to 7.6 billion, and consumption. (Per capita of use of materials is up 15% over the past 5 decades.)
Pimm, S. L.; Jenkins, C. N.; Abell, R.; Brooks, T. M.; Gittleman, J. L.; Joppa, L. N.; Raven, P. H.; Roberts, C. M.; Sexton, J. O. The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science. 2014-05-30, 344 (6187): 1246752. PMID 24876501. S2CID 206552746. doi:10.1126/science.1246752. The overarching driver of species extinction is human population growth and increasing per capita consumption.
Vignieri, S. Vanishing fauna (Special issue). Science. 2014-07-25, 345 (6195): 392–412. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..392V. PMID 25061199. doi:10.1126/science.345.6195.392 .
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.
Wake D. B.; Vredenburg V. T. Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2008, 105: 11466–11473. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. PMC 2556420 . PMID 18695221. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105 .
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis. Science. 10 September 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101.
McCallum, Malcolm L. Amphibian Decline or Extinction? Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rate. Journal of Herpetology. September 2007, 41 (3): 483–491. S2CID 30162903. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[483:ADOECD]2.0.CO;2.
Jackson, J. B. C. Colloquium Paper: Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008, 105: 11458–11465. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511458J. PMC 2556419 . PMID 18695220. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802812105 .
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. August 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.
Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; García, Andrés; Pringle, Robert M.; Palmer, Todd M. Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. Science Advances. 2015, 1 (5): e1400253. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0253C. PMC 4640606 . PMID 26601195. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400253.
Costanza, R.; d'Arge, R.; de Groot, R.; Farberk, S.; Grasso, M.; Hannon, B.; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital (PDF). Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-12-26）.
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R. Circling the drain: the extinction crisis and the future of humanity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 2022, 377 (1857). PMC 9237743 . PMID 35757873. S2CID 250055843. doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0378.
Soulé, Michael E. What is conservation biology?. BioScience. 1986, 35 (11): 727–734. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.7332 . JSTOR 1310054. doi:10.2307/1310054.
Bowen, B. W. Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy. Molecular Ecology. 1999, 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–S10. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00798.x.
Margules C. R.; Pressey R. L. Systematic conservation planning (PDF). Nature. 2000, 405 (6783): 243–253. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. doi:10.1038/35012251. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-02-05）.
Luck, Gary W.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Ehrlich, Paul R. Population diversity and ecosystem services (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2003, 18 (7): 331–336. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.595.2377 . doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00100-9. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-02-19）.
Kaiser, J. Bold Corridor Project Confronts Political Reality. Science. 2001-09-21, 293 (5538): 2196–2199. PMID 11567122. S2CID 153587982. doi:10.1126/science.293.5538.2196.
Baillie, Jonathan; Ya-Ping, Zhang. Space for nature. Science. 2018-09-14, 361 (6407): 1051. Bibcode:2018Sci...361.1051B. PMID 30213888. doi:10.1126/science.aau1397 .
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Beech, E.; Rivers, M.; Oldfield, S.; Smith, P. P. GlobalTreeSearch: The first complete global database of tree species and country distributions. Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 2017-07-04, 36 (5): 454–489. S2CID 89858214. doi:10.1080/10549811.2017.1310049.
Jones-Walters, L.; Mulder, I. Valuing nature: The economics of biodiversity (PDF). Journal for Nature Conservation. 2009, 17 (4): 245–247 [2022-10-21]. doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2009.06.001. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-02）.
Peter, Maria; Diekötter, Tim; Höffler, Tim; Kremer, Kerstin. Biodiversity citizen science: Outcomes for the participating citizens. People and Nature. April 2021, 3 (2): 294–311. S2CID 233774150. doi:10.1002/pan3.10193.
Chandler, Mark; See, Linda; Copas, Kyle; Bonde, Astrid M.Z.; López, Bernat Claramunt; Danielsen, Finn; Legind, Jan Kristoffer; Masinde, Siro; Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.; Newman, Greg; Rosemartin, Alyssa; Turak, Eren. Contribution of citizen science towards international biodiversity monitoring. Biological Conservation. September 2017, 213: 280–294. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2016.09.004.
Walters, Michele; Scholes, Robert J. The GEO Handbook on Biodiversity Observation Networks. Springer Nature. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-27288-7. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27288-7. hdl:20.500.12657/28080. ^{[页码请求]}
Aristeidou, Maria; Herodotou, Christothea; Ballard, Heidi L.; Higgins, Lila; Johnson, Rebecca F.; Miller, Annie E.; Young, Alison N.; Robinson, Lucy D. How Do Young Community and Citizen Science Volunteers Support Scientific Research on Biodiversity? The Case of iNaturalist. Diversity. July 2021, 13 (7): 318. PMC 7613115 . PMID 35873351. doi:10.3390/d13070318 .
Shiva, Vandana. Bioprospecting as Sophisticated Biopiracy. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society. January 2007, 32 (2): 307–313. S2CID 144229002. doi:10.1086/508502.
Stork, Nigel E. Biodiversity: World of insects. Nature. 2007, 448 (7154): 657–658. Bibcode:2007Natur.448..657S. PMID 17687315. S2CID 9378467. doi:10.1038/448657a.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.

dolomitipark.it

Mulongoy, Kalemani Jo; Chape, Stuart. Protected Areas and Biodiversity: An Overview of Key Issues (PDF). Montreal, Canada and Cambridge, UK: CBD Secretariat and UNEP-WCMC. 2004: 15 and 25 [2017-10-23]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-09-22）.

e-info.org.tw

Ariel Garlow. 拒絕棕櫚油的三個理由：環境、動物和人道. 環境資訊中心. 2016-08-14 [2022-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
《Mongabay》. 被改造過的自然生態系：印度那加蘭邦社區保育永續經營新挑戰. 環境資源中心. 2020-12-31 [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

earth-syst-dynam-discuss.net

Dumont, E. Estimated impact of global population growth on future wilderness extent. (PDF). Earth System Dynamics Discussions. 2012, 3 (1): 433–452 [2013-04-03]. Bibcode:2012ESDD....3..433D. doi:10.5194/esdd-3-433-2012. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-11-22）.

earthtimes.org

Earth Times: show/303405,camel-cull-would-help-curb-global-warming.ht…. 2012-08-01. （原始内容存档于2012-08-01）.

ecfr.gov

Code of Federal Regulations, title-36/chapter-I. [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

ecometrica.com

Corporate Biodiversity Accounting. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） See also: Making the Natural Capital Declaration Accountable. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

ecowatch.com

Walker, Robert. The Insect Apocalypse Is Coming: Here Are 5 Lessons We Must Learn. Ecowatch. 2019-04-10 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-10）.
Deutsche Welle, Deutsche. Why Biodiversity Loss Hurts Humans as Much as Climate Change Does. Ecowatch. 2019-05-06 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-17）.

elementy.ru

Markov, AV; Korotaev, AV. Hyperbolic growth of marine and continental biodiversity through the phanerozoic and community evolution. Journal of General Biology. 2008, 69 (3): 175–194 [2022-09-20]. PMID 18677962. （原始内容存档于2009-12-25）.

enn.com

Study: Loss of Genetic Diversity Threatens Species Diversity. Enn.com. 2007-09-26 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-21）.

eoearth.org

C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Deforestation （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Encyclopedia of Earth. ed. C.Cleveland. NCSE. Washington DC

escholarship.org

Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

eurekalert.org

Strong evidence shows Sixth Mass Extinction of global biodiversity in progress. EurekAlert!. 2022-01-13 [2022-02-17]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-12）.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

From Farm to Fork. European Commission website. European Union. [2020-05-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-07）.
EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. European Commission website. European Union. [2020-05-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-26）.

europa.eu

Example: Gascon, C., Collins, J. P., Moore, R. D., Church, D. R., McKay, J. E. and Mendelson, J. R. III (eds) (2007). Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 64pp. Amphibians.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 July 2007., see also Millenniumassessment.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Europa.eu 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期12 February 2009.

eur-lex.europa.eu

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 1999/22/EC, relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos. Ministry of Economic Affairs. 2014-03-25 [2022-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-06）（英语）.

environment.ec.europa.eu

Biodiversity strategy for 2030. European Commission website. [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-26）（英语）.

fao.org

Bélanger, J.; Pilling, D. The State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture (PDF). Rome: FAO. 2019: 4 [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-92-5-131270-4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-11-23）.
FAO – Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Toolbox. [2020-12-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-30）.

farmedia.org

"Genetic Pollution: The Great Genetic Scandal"; 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期18 May 2009.

free.fr

nicolasmouquet.free.fr

Tribot, A.; Mouquet, N.; Villeger, S.; Raymond, M.; Hoff, F.; Boissery, P.; Holon, F.; Deter, J. Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs (PDF). Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 34229 [2022-09-26]. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634229T. PMC 5039688 . PMID 27677850. doi:10.1038/srep34229. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-01）.

geomar.de

oceanrep.geomar.de

Hillebrand H. On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient (PDF). The American Naturalist. 2004, 163 (2): 192–211 [2022-09-18]. PMID 14970922. S2CID 9886026. doi:10.1086/381004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-22）.

gesetze-im-internet.de

Gesetz über Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege. Bundesministerium der Justiz. [2022-10-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-14）.

ghostarchive.org

Graham, Chris. Earth undergoing sixth 'mass extinction' as humans spur 'biological annihilation' of wildlife. The Telegraph. 2017-07-11 [2017-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-10）.

gmo-compass.org

(2006) "Molecular Pharming" GMO Compass Retrieved 5 November 2009, GMOcompass.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期8 February 2008.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Van Bael, Sunshine A; et al. Birds as predators in tropical agroforestry systems. Ecology. Apr 2008, 89 (4): 928–934. PMID 18481517. doi:10.1890/06-1976.1. hdl:1903/7873 .
Bautista, Luis M.; Pantoja, Juan Carlos. What species should we study next?. Bulletin of the British Ecological Society. 2005, 36 (4): 27–28. hdl:10261/43928 .
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Walters, Michele; Scholes, Robert J. The GEO Handbook on Biodiversity Observation Networks. Springer Nature. 2017. ISBN 978-3-319-27288-7. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27288-7. hdl:20.500.12657/28080. ^{[页码请求]}

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Margot S. Bass; Matt Finer; Clinton N. Jenkins; Holger Kreft; Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia; Shawn F. McCracken; Nigel C. A. Pitman; Peter H. English; Kelly Swing; Gorky Villa; Anthony Di Fiore; Christian C. Voigt; Thomas H. Kunz. Global Conservation Significance of Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. PLOS ONE. 2010, 5 (1): e8767. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8767B. PMC 2808245 . PMID 20098736. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008767 .
Allen A. P.; Gillooly J. F.; Savage V. M.; Brown J. H. Kinetic effects of temperature on rates of genetic divergence and speciation. PNAS. 2006, 103 (24): 9130–9135. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.9130A. PMC 1474011 . PMID 16754845. doi:10.1073/pnas.0603587103 .
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Normile, Dennis. Saving Forests to Save Biodiversity. Science. 2010-09-10, 329 (5997): 1278–1280. Bibcode:2010Sci...329.1278N. PMID 20829464. doi:10.1126/science.329.5997.1278 .
Alroy, J; Marshall, CR; Bambach, RK; Bezusko, K; Foote, M; Fursich, FT; Hansen, TA; Holland, SM; et al. Effects of sampling standardization on estimates of Phanerozoic marine diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001, 98 (11): 6261–6266. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6261A. PMC 33456 . PMID 11353852. doi:10.1073/pnas.111144698 .
Sahney, S.; Benton, M.J. & Falcon-Lang, H.J. Rainforest collapse triggered Pennsylvanian tetrapod diversification in Euramerica. Geology. 2010, 38 (12): 1079–1082. Bibcode:2010Geo....38.1079S. doi:10.1130/G31182.1.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils. Precambrian Research. Earliest Evidence of Life on Earth. 2007-10-05, 158 (3–4): 141–155. Bibcode:2007PreR..158..141S. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Okasha, S. Does diversity always grow?. Nature. 2010, 466 (7304): 318. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..318O. doi:10.1038/466318a .
Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.
Daniel, T. C.; et al. Contributions of cultural services to the ecosystem services agenda. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012-05-21, 109 (23): 8812–8819. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.8812D. PMC 3384142 . PMID 22615401. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114773109 .
Crowder, David W.; et al. Organic agriculture promotes evenness and natural pest control. Nature. 2010, 466 (7302): 109–112. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..109C. PMID 20596021. S2CID 205221308. doi:10.1038/nature09183.
Keesing, Felicia; et al. Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. Nature. Dec 2010, 468 (7324): 647–652. Bibcode:2010Natur.468..647K. PMC 7094913 . PMID 21124449. doi:10.1038/nature09575.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.; et al. Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence. Nature. 2013-02-13, 494 (7436): 230–233. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..230J. PMID 23407539. S2CID 205232648. doi:10.1038/nature11883.
Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Costanza, Robert; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0.
Wahl, GM; Robert de Saint Vincent B; Derose, ML. Effect of chromosomal position on amplification of transfected genes in animal cells. Nature. 1984, 307 (5951): 516–520. Bibcode:1984Natur.307..516W. PMID 6694743. S2CID 4322191. doi:10.1038/307516a0.
Tribot, A.; Mouquet, N.; Villeger, S.; Raymond, M.; Hoff, F.; Boissery, P.; Holon, F.; Deter, J. Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs (PDF). Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 34229 [2022-09-26]. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634229T. PMC 5039688 . PMID 27677850. doi:10.1038/srep34229. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-01）.
Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.
Ceballos G, Ehrlich PR, Raven PH. Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. June 2020, 117 (24): 13596–13602. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11713596C. PMC 7306750 . PMID 32482862. doi:10.1073/pnas.1922686117 .
Hallmann, Caspar A.; Sorg, Martin; Jongejans, Eelke; Siepel, Henk; Hofland, Nick; Schwan, Heinz; Stenmans, Werner; Müller, Andreas; Sumser, Hubert; Hörren, Thomas; Goulson, Dave. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLOS ONE. 2017-10-18, 12 (10): e0185809. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285809H. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5646769 . PMID 29045418. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185809  （英语）.
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity. Nature Communications. 2020, 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. PMC 7723057 . PMID 33293507. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3.
Nogué, Sandra; Rull, Valentí; Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa. Modeling biodiversity loss by global warming on Pantepui, northern South America: projected upward migration and potential habitat loss. Climatic Change. 2009-02-24, 94 (1–2): 77–85. Bibcode:2009ClCh...94...77N. S2CID 154910127. doi:10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x.
Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.
Torchin, Mark E.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dobson, Andrew P.; McKenzie, Valerie J.; Kuris, Armand M. Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature. 2003-02-06, 421 (6923): 628–630. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..628T. PMID 12571595. S2CID 4384385. doi:10.1038/nature01346.
Levine, J. M. Species Diversity and Biological Invasions: Relating Local Process to Community Pattern. Science. 2000-05-05, 288 (5467): 852–854. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..852L. PMID 10797006. S2CID 7363143. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.852.
Mooney, H. A.; Cleland, EE. The evolutionary impact of invasive species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001, 98 (10): 5446–5451. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.5446M. PMC 33232 . PMID 11344292. doi:10.1073/pnas.091093398 .
Doney, Scott C.; Fabry, Victoria J.; Feely, Richard A.; Kleypas, Joan A. Ocean Acidification: The Other CO Problem. Annual Review of Marine Science. 2009-01-01, 1 (1): 169–192. Bibcode:2009ARMS....1..169D. PMID 21141034. S2CID 402398. doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163834.
Loarie, Scott R.; Duffy, Philip B.; Hamilton, Healy; Asner, Gregory P.; Field, Christopher B.; Ackerly, David D. The velocity of climate change. Nature. 2009-12-24, 462 (7276): 1052–1055. Bibcode:2009Natur.462.1052L. PMID 20033047. S2CID 4419902. doi:10.1038/nature08649.
Min, Seung-Ki; Xuebin Zhang; Francis W. Zwiers; Gabriele C. Hegerl. Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes. Nature. 2011-02-17, 470 (7334): 378–381. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..378M. PMID 21331039. S2CID 1770045. doi:10.1038/nature09763.
Frick, W. F.; Stepanian, P. M.; Kelly, J. F.; Howard, K. W.; Kuster, C. M.; Kunz, T. H.; Chilson, P. B. Climate and Weather Impact Timing of Emergence of Bats. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (8): e42737. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...742737F. PMC 3411708 . PMID 22876331. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042737 .
Dumont, E. Estimated impact of global population growth on future wilderness extent. (PDF). Earth System Dynamics Discussions. 2012, 3 (1): 433–452 [2013-04-03]. Bibcode:2012ESDD....3..433D. doi:10.5194/esdd-3-433-2012. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-11-22）.
Vignieri, S. Vanishing fauna (Special issue). Science. 2014-07-25, 345 (6195): 392–412. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..392V. PMID 25061199. doi:10.1126/science.345.6195.392 .
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.
Wake D. B.; Vredenburg V. T. Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2008, 105: 11466–11473. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. PMC 2556420 . PMID 18695221. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105 .
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis. Science. 10 September 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101.
Jackson, J. B. C. Colloquium Paper: Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008, 105: 11458–11465. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511458J. PMC 2556419 . PMID 18695220. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802812105 .
Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; García, Andrés; Pringle, Robert M.; Palmer, Todd M. Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. Science Advances. 2015, 1 (5): e1400253. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0253C. PMC 4640606 . PMID 26601195. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400253.
Costanza, R.; d'Arge, R.; de Groot, R.; Farberk, S.; Grasso, M.; Hannon, B.; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital (PDF). Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-12-26）.
Baillie, Jonathan; Ya-Ping, Zhang. Space for nature. Science. 2018-09-14, 361 (6407): 1051. Bibcode:2018Sci...361.1051B. PMID 30213888. doi:10.1126/science.aau1397 .
Stork, Nigel E. Biodiversity: World of insects. Nature. 2007, 448 (7154): 657–658. Bibcode:2007Natur.448..657S. PMID 17687315. S2CID 9378467. doi:10.1038/448657a.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

hawaii.edu

soc.hawaii.edu

Mora C, Robertson DR. Causes of latitudinal gradients in species richness: a test with fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific (PDF). Ecology. 2005, 86 (7): 1771–1792 [2022-09-18]. doi:10.1890/04-0883. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.

hbvl.be

Belgium creating 45 "seed gardens"; gene banks with intent to reintroduction. Hbvl.be. 2011-09-08 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-20）.

humboldt.org.co

Colombia in the World. Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Research on Biological Resources. [2013-12-30]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-29）.

ias.ac.in

Roopesh, J.; et al. Marine organisms: Potential Source for Drug Discovery (PDF). Current Science. 2008-02-10, 94 (3): 292. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-10-11）.

iit.edu

scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu

Bosselman, Fred. A Dozen Biodiversity Puzzles. NYU Environmental Law Journal. 2004-12-15, 12 (366) [2022-10-25]. SSRN 1523937 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

illinois.edu

cropdisease.cropsci.illinois.edu

Southern Corn Leaf Blight. [2007-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2011-08-14）.

independent.co.uk

Bees and other pollinating insects disappear from quarter of UK habitats in population crash. The Independent. 2019-03-26 [2022-10-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-28）.

indianf.com

Vimal, Anupama. Tackle Biodiversity Loss, Climate Change Together for A Better Tomorrow. Indian Flash News. 2021-06-15 [2021-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）（美国英语）.

ipbes.net

IPBES. Assessment Report on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production. ipbes.org. IPBES. 2018-06-26 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-01）.
Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (PDF). the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. 2019-05-06 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-05-14）.
Escaping the 'Era of Pandemics': Experts Warn Worse Crises to Come Options Offered to Reduce Risk. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. 2020 [2020-11-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-05）.

ipcc.ch

Climate change and biodiversity (PDF). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2005 [2012-06-12]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-02-05）.

iucn.org

Protected areas. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2015-08-20 [2022-10-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）.
Protected areas, Category II: National Park. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2016-02-05 [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-18）.

iucnredlist.org

IUCN Red List version 2022-1: Table 1a. IUCN. 2022-07-21 [2022-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-20）.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [2021-06-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-04）.

jcvi.org

Fact Sheet – Expedition Overview (PDF). J. Craig Venter Institute. [2010-08-29]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-06-29）.

jonlefcheck.net

Lefcheck, Jon. What is functional diversity, and why do we care?. sample(ECOLOGY). 2014-10-20 [2015-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

jstor.org

Harris, J. Arthur. The Variable Desert. The Scientific Monthly. 1916, 3 (1): 41–50. JSTOR 6182.
Terbogh, John. The Preservation of Natural Diversity: The Problem of Extinction Prone Species. BioScience. 1974, 24 (12): 715–722. JSTOR 1297090. doi:10.2307/1297090.
Tangley, Laura. A New Plan to Conserve the Earth's Biota. BioScience. 1985, 35 (6): 334–336+341. JSTOR 1309899. doi:10.1093/bioscience/35.6.334.
Dhillion, SS; Svarstad, H; Amundsen, C; Bugge, HC. Bioprospecting: Effects on environment and development. Ambio. 2002, 31 (6): 491–493. JSTOR 4315292. PMID 12436849. doi:10.1639/0044-7447(2002)031[0491:beoead]2.0.co;2.
Levine, Jonathan M.; D'Antonio, Carla M. Elton Revisited: A Review of Evidence Linking Diversity and Invasibility. Oikos. 1999-10-01, 87 (1): 15. JSTOR 3546992. S2CID 13987518. doi:10.2307/3546992.
Rhymer, Judith M.; Simberloff, Daniel. Extinction by Hybridization and Introgression. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 1996, 27: 83–109. JSTOR 2097230. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.83.
Soulé, Michael E. What is conservation biology?. BioScience. 1986, 35 (11): 727–734. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.7332 . JSTOR 1310054. doi:10.2307/1310054.

kirkusreviews.com

Dasmann, Raymond F. A Different Kind of Country. Kirkus Reviews. 1967 [2022-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

lemonde.fr

Galus, Christine. Protection de la biodiversité : un inventaire difficile. Le Monde. 2007-03-05 [2022-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）（法语）.

lumrix.net

Rice Grassy Stunt Virus. Lumrix.net. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-23）.

mdvnaturalist.com

Jones-Walters, L.; Mulder, I. Valuing nature: The economics of biodiversity (PDF). Journal for Nature Conservation. 2009, 17 (4): 245–247 [2022-10-21]. doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2009.06.001. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-02）.

millenniumassessment.org

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005 Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Opportunities and Challenges for Business and Industry （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Example: Gascon, C., Collins, J. P., Moore, R. D., Church, D. R., McKay, J. E. and Mendelson, J. R. III (eds) (2007). Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 64pp. Amphibians.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 July 2007., see also Millenniumassessment.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Europa.eu 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期12 February 2009.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. www.millenniumassessment.org. （原始内容存档于2015-08-13）.

moj.gov.tw

law.moj.gov.tw

國家公園法. 全國法規資料庫. [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）.
野生動物保護法. 全國法規資料庫. [2022-10-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-19）.

nap.edu

Wilson, E. O. Biodiversity. National Academy Press. 1988: vi [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. PMID 25032475. doi:10.17226/989. （原始内容存档于2022-03-24）.

darwin.nap.edu

Wilson, E.O. Biodiversity. National Academies Press. 1988-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. online edition 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期13 September 2006.

nationalgeographic.com

news.nationalgeographic.com

Lovett, Richard A. Endangered Species List Expands to 16,000. National Geographic. 2006-05-02. （原始内容存档于2017-08-05）.

nativeseednetwork.org

Glossary: definitions from the following publication: Aubry, C., R. Shoal and V. Erickson. 2005. Grass cultivars: their origins, development, and use on national forests and grasslands in the Pacific Northwest. USDA Forest Service. 44 pages, plus appendices.; Native Seed Network (NSN), Institute for Applied Ecology, Corvallis, OR. Nativeseednetwork.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2006-02-22）.

nature.com

Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Ellstrand, Norman C. Dangerous Liaisons? When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives 22. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003: 29–30 [2022-10-06]. ISBN 978-0-8018-7405-5. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29. （原始内容存档于2009-02-20）. Reviewed in Strauss, Steven H; DiFazio, Stephen P. Hybrids abounding. Nature Biotechnology. 2004, 22 (1): 29–30. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29.

nature.org

Robert E. Jenkins. Nature.org. 2011-08-18 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-19）.

ncsu.edu

www4.ncsu.edu

Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Wilson, E. O. Biodiversity. National Academy Press. 1988: vi [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. PMID 25032475. doi:10.17226/989. （原始内容存档于2022-03-24）.
Sahney, S.; Benton, M.J.; Ferry, Paul. Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land. Biology Letters. 2010, 6 (4): 544–547. PMC 2936204 . PMID 20106856. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024.
D. L. Hawksworth. Biodiversity: measurement and estimation 345. Springer. 1996: 6 [2011-06-28]. ISBN 978-0-412-75220-9. PMID 7972355. doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0081.
Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Margot S. Bass; Matt Finer; Clinton N. Jenkins; Holger Kreft; Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia; Shawn F. McCracken; Nigel C. A. Pitman; Peter H. English; Kelly Swing; Gorky Villa; Anthony Di Fiore; Christian C. Voigt; Thomas H. Kunz. Global Conservation Significance of Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. PLOS ONE. 2010, 5 (1): e8767. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8767B. PMC 2808245 . PMID 20098736. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008767 .
Mora, C.; et al. How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?. PLOS Biology. 2011, 9 (8): e1001127. PMC 3160336 . PMID 21886479. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127.
Microorganisms Editorial Office. Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Microorganisms in 2018. Microorganisms. 2019-01-09, 7 (1): 13. PMC 6352028 . doi:10.3390/microorganisms7010013 .
Allen A. P.; Gillooly J. F.; Savage V. M.; Brown J. H. Kinetic effects of temperature on rates of genetic divergence and speciation. PNAS. 2006, 103 (24): 9130–9135. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.9130A. PMC 1474011 . PMID 16754845. doi:10.1073/pnas.0603587103 .
Hillebrand H. On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient (PDF). The American Naturalist. 2004, 163 (2): 192–211 [2022-09-18]. PMID 14970922. S2CID 9886026. doi:10.1086/381004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-22）.
Myers N. Threatened biotas: 'hot spots' in tropical forests. Environmentalist. 1988, 8 (3): 187–208. PMID 12322582. S2CID 2370659. doi:10.1007/BF02240252.
Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Normile, Dennis. Saving Forests to Save Biodiversity. Science. 2010-09-10, 329 (5997): 1278–1280. Bibcode:2010Sci...329.1278N. PMID 20829464. doi:10.1126/science.329.5997.1278 .
Algeo, T. J.; Scheckler, S. E. Terrestrial-marine teleconnections in the Devonian: links between the evolution of land plants, weathering processes, and marine anoxic events. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 1998-01-29, 353 (1365): 113–130. PMC 1692181 . doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0195.
Alroy, J; Marshall, CR; Bambach, RK; Bezusko, K; Foote, M; Fursich, FT; Hansen, TA; Holland, SM; et al. Effects of sampling standardization on estimates of Phanerozoic marine diversification. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2001, 98 (11): 6261–6266. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.6261A. PMC 33456 . PMID 11353852. doi:10.1073/pnas.111144698 .
Sahney, S. & Benton, M.J. Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2008, 275 (1636): 759–765. PMC 2596898 . PMID 18198148. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370.
Markov, AV; Korotaev, AV. Hyperbolic growth of marine and continental biodiversity through the phanerozoic and community evolution. Journal of General Biology. 2008, 69 (3): 175–194 [2022-09-20]. PMID 18677962. （原始内容存档于2009-12-25）.
Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.
Daniel, T. C.; et al. Contributions of cultural services to the ecosystem services agenda. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2012-05-21, 109 (23): 8812–8819. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.8812D. PMC 3384142 . PMID 22615401. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114773109 .
Letourneau, Deborah K. Does plant diversity benefit agroecosystems? A synthetic review. Ecological Applications. 2011-01-01, 21 (1): 9–21. PMID 21516884. S2CID 11439673. doi:10.1890/09-2026.1.
Philpott, Stacy M.; Soong, Oliver; Lowenstein, Jacob H.; Pulido, Astrid Luz; Lopez, Diego Tobar. Flynn, Dan F. B.; DeClerck, Fabrice. Functional richness and ecosystem services: bird predation on arthropods in tropical agroecosystems. Ecological Applications. 2009-10-01, 19 (7): 1858–1867. PMID 19831075. S2CID 9867979. doi:10.1890/08-1928.1.
Van Bael, Sunshine A; et al. Birds as predators in tropical agroforestry systems. Ecology. Apr 2008, 89 (4): 928–934. PMID 18481517. doi:10.1890/06-1976.1. hdl:1903/7873 .
Vance-Chalcraft, Heather D.; et al. The Influence of Intraguild Predation on Prey Suppression and Prey Release: A Meta-analysis. Ecology. 2007-11-01, 88 (11): 2689–2696. PMID 18051635. S2CID 21458500. doi:10.1890/06-1869.1.
Crowder, David W.; et al. Organic agriculture promotes evenness and natural pest control. Nature. 2010, 466 (7302): 109–112. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..109C. PMID 20596021. S2CID 205221308. doi:10.1038/nature09183.
Keesing, Felicia; et al. Impacts of biodiversity on the emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. Nature. Dec 2010, 468 (7324): 647–652. Bibcode:2010Natur.468..647K. PMC 7094913 . PMID 21124449. doi:10.1038/nature09575.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.; et al. Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence. Nature. 2013-02-13, 494 (7436): 230–233. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..230J. PMID 23407539. S2CID 205232648. doi:10.1038/nature11883.
Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Bommarco. Ecological intensification: harnessing ecosystem services for food security. Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 2013, 28 (4): 230–238. PMID 23153724. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2012.10.012.
Wahl, GM; Robert de Saint Vincent B; Derose, ML. Effect of chromosomal position on amplification of transfected genes in animal cells. Nature. 1984, 307 (5951): 516–520. Bibcode:1984Natur.307..516W. PMID 6694743. S2CID 4322191. doi:10.1038/307516a0.
Gaston, Kevin J.; Warren, Philip H.; Devine-Wright, Patrick; Irvine, Katherine N.; Fuller, Richard A. Psychological benefits of greenspace increase with biodiversity. Biology Letters. 2007, 3 (4): 390–394. PMC 2390667 . PMID 17504734. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0149.
Harvey, Alan L. Natural products in drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today. 2008-10-01, 13 (19–20): 894–901. PMID 18691670. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2008.07.004.
Hawkins E.S., Reich; Reich, MR. Japanese-originated pharmaceutical products in the United States from 1960 to 1989: an assessment of innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992, 51 (1): 1–11. PMID 1732073. S2CID 46010944. doi:10.1038/clpt.1992.1.
Dhillion, SS; Svarstad, H; Amundsen, C; Bugge, HC. Bioprospecting: Effects on environment and development. Ambio. 2002, 31 (6): 491–493. JSTOR 4315292. PMID 12436849. doi:10.1639/0044-7447(2002)031[0491:beoead]2.0.co;2.
Cole, A. Looking for new compounds in sea is endangering ecosystem. BMJ. 2005-07-16, 330 (7504): 1350. PMC 558324 . PMID 15947392. doi:10.1136/bmj.330.7504.1350-d.
Tribot, A.; Mouquet, N.; Villeger, S.; Raymond, M.; Hoff, F.; Boissery, P.; Holon, F.; Deter, J. Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs (PDF). Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 34229 [2022-09-26]. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634229T. PMC 5039688 . PMID 27677850. doi:10.1038/srep34229. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-01）.
Mora, Camilo; Tittensor, Derek P.; Adl, Sina; Simpson, Alastair G. B.; Worm, Boris; Mace, Georgina M. How Many Species Are There on Earth and in the Ocean?. PLOS Biology. 2011-08-23, 9 (8): e1001127. PMC 3160336 . PMID 21886479. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001127.
Appeltans, W.; Ahyong, S. T.; Anderson, G; Angel, M. V.; Artois, T.; and 118 others. The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity. Current Biology. 2012, 22 (23): 2189–2202. PMID 23159596. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036 .
Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.
De Vos JM, Joppa LN, Gittleman JL, Stephens PR, Pimm SL. Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction (PDF). Conservation Biology. April 2015, 29 (2): 452–62 [2022-09-28]. PMID 25159086. S2CID 19121609. doi:10.1111/cobi.12380. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.
Ceballos G, Ehrlich PR, Raven PH. Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. June 2020, 117 (24): 13596–13602. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11713596C. PMC 7306750 . PMID 32482862. doi:10.1073/pnas.1922686117 .
Hallmann, Caspar A.; Sorg, Martin; Jongejans, Eelke; Siepel, Henk; Hofland, Nick; Schwan, Heinz; Stenmans, Werner; Müller, Andreas; Sumser, Hubert; Hörren, Thomas; Goulson, Dave. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLOS ONE. 2017-10-18, 12 (10): e0185809. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285809H. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5646769 . PMID 29045418. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185809  （英语）.
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.; Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity. Nature Communications. 2020, 11 (1): 5978. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.5978G. PMC 7723057 . PMID 33293507. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3.
Drakare, Stina; Lennon, Jack J.; Hillebrand, Helmut. The imprint of the geographical, evolutionary and ecological context on species-area relationships. Ecology Letters. 2006, 9 (2): 215–227. PMID 16958886. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00848.x.
Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.
Torchin, Mark E.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dobson, Andrew P.; McKenzie, Valerie J.; Kuris, Armand M. Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature. 2003-02-06, 421 (6923): 628–630. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..628T. PMID 12571595. S2CID 4384385. doi:10.1038/nature01346.
Levine, J. M. Species Diversity and Biological Invasions: Relating Local Process to Community Pattern. Science. 2000-05-05, 288 (5467): 852–854. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..852L. PMID 10797006. S2CID 7363143. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.852.
GUREVITCH, J; PADILLA, D. Are invasive species a major cause of extinctions?. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2004-09-01, 19 (9): 470–474. PMID 16701309. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.07.005.
Sax, Dov F.; Gaines, Steven D.; Brown, James H. Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A Comparative Study of Plants and Birds. The American Naturalist. 2002-12-01, 160 (6): 766–783. PMID 18707464. S2CID 8628360. doi:10.1086/343877.
Gaston, Kevin J. Global patterns in biodiversity. Nature. 2000-05-11, 405 (6783): 220–227. PMID 10821282. doi:10.1038/35012228 （英语）.
Mooney, H. A.; Cleland, EE. The evolutionary impact of invasive species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001, 98 (10): 5446–5451. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.5446M. PMC 33232 . PMID 11344292. doi:10.1073/pnas.091093398 .
Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P. What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist. 2004-11-18, 165 (2): 351–372. PMID 15720649. S2CID 25887592. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x.
Doney, Scott C.; Fabry, Victoria J.; Feely, Richard A.; Kleypas, Joan A. Ocean Acidification: The Other CO Problem. Annual Review of Marine Science. 2009-01-01, 1 (1): 169–192. Bibcode:2009ARMS....1..169D. PMID 21141034. S2CID 402398. doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163834.
Loarie, Scott R.; Duffy, Philip B.; Hamilton, Healy; Asner, Gregory P.; Field, Christopher B.; Ackerly, David D. The velocity of climate change. Nature. 2009-12-24, 462 (7276): 1052–1055. Bibcode:2009Natur.462.1052L. PMID 20033047. S2CID 4419902. doi:10.1038/nature08649.
Walther, Gian-Reto; Roques, Alain; Hulme, Philip E.; Sykes, Martin T.; Pyšek, Petr. Kühn, Ingolf; Zobel, Martin; Bacher, Sven; Botta-Dukát, Zoltán; Bugmann, Harald. Alien species in a warmer world: risks and opportunities (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2009-12-01, 24 (12): 686–693 [2022-10-07]. PMID 19712994. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.008. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.
Lovejoy, Thomas E.; Hannah, Lee Jay. Climate Change and Biodiversity 27. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2005: 41–55. ISBN 978-0-300-10425-7. PMID 18819663.
Hegland, Stein Joar; Nielsen, Anders; Lázaro, Amparo; Bjerknes, Anne-Line; Totland, Ørjan. How does climate warming affect plant-pollinator interactions?. Ecology Letters. 2009-02-01, 12 (2): 184–195. PMID 19049509. S2CID 9483613. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01269.x.
Min, Seung-Ki; Xuebin Zhang; Francis W. Zwiers; Gabriele C. Hegerl. Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes. Nature. 2011-02-17, 470 (7334): 378–381. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..378M. PMID 21331039. S2CID 1770045. doi:10.1038/nature09763.
Frick, W. F.; Stepanian, P. M.; Kelly, J. F.; Howard, K. W.; Kuster, C. M.; Kunz, T. H.; Chilson, P. B. Climate and Weather Impact Timing of Emergence of Bats. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (8): e42737. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...742737F. PMC 3411708 . PMID 22876331. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042737 .
Pimm, S. L.; Jenkins, C. N.; Abell, R.; Brooks, T. M.; Gittleman, J. L.; Joppa, L. N.; Raven, P. H.; Roberts, C. M.; Sexton, J. O. The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science. 2014-05-30, 344 (6187): 1246752. PMID 24876501. S2CID 206552746. doi:10.1126/science.1246752. The overarching driver of species extinction is human population growth and increasing per capita consumption.
Vignieri, S. Vanishing fauna (Special issue). Science. 2014-07-25, 345 (6195): 392–412. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..392V. PMID 25061199. doi:10.1126/science.345.6195.392 .
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.
Wake D. B.; Vredenburg V. T. Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2008, 105: 11466–11473. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. PMC 2556420 . PMID 18695221. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105 .
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis. Science. 10 September 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101.
Jackson, J. B. C. Colloquium Paper: Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2008, 105: 11458–11465. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511458J. PMC 2556419 . PMID 18695220. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802812105 .
Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; García, Andrés; Pringle, Robert M.; Palmer, Todd M. Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction. Science Advances. 2015, 1 (5): e1400253. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0253C. PMC 4640606 . PMID 26601195. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400253.
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R. Circling the drain: the extinction crisis and the future of humanity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 2022, 377 (1857). PMC 9237743 . PMID 35757873. S2CID 250055843. doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0378.
Bowen, B. W. Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy. Molecular Ecology. 1999, 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–S10. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00798.x.
Margules C. R.; Pressey R. L. Systematic conservation planning (PDF). Nature. 2000, 405 (6783): 243–253. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. doi:10.1038/35012251. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-02-05）.
Kaiser, J. Bold Corridor Project Confronts Political Reality. Science. 2001-09-21, 293 (5538): 2196–2199. PMID 11567122. S2CID 153587982. doi:10.1126/science.293.5538.2196.
Baillie, Jonathan; Ya-Ping, Zhang. Space for nature. Science. 2018-09-14, 361 (6407): 1051. Bibcode:2018Sci...361.1051B. PMID 30213888. doi:10.1126/science.aau1397 .
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Aristeidou, Maria; Herodotou, Christothea; Ballard, Heidi L.; Higgins, Lila; Johnson, Rebecca F.; Miller, Annie E.; Young, Alison N.; Robinson, Lucy D. How Do Young Community and Citizen Science Volunteers Support Scientific Research on Biodiversity? The Case of iNaturalist. Diversity. July 2021, 13 (7): 318. PMC 7613115 . PMID 35873351. doi:10.3390/d13070318 .
Stork, Nigel E. Biodiversity: World of insects. Nature. 2007, 448 (7154): 657–658. Bibcode:2007Natur.448..657S. PMID 17687315. S2CID 9378467. doi:10.1038/448657a.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

npr.org

Ponti, Crystal. Rise of the Robot Bees: Tiny Drones Turned into Artificial Pollinators. NPR. 2017-03-03 [2018-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

nytimes.com

Broad, William. Paradise Lost: Biosphere Retooled as Atmospheric Nightmare. The New York Times. 1996-11-19 [2013-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Pollan, Michael. The year in ideas: A TO Z.; Genetic Pollution. The New York Times. 2001-12-09. （原始内容存档于2022-02-23）.

dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com

A Durable Yet Vulnerable Eden in Amazonia. Dot Earth blog, New York Times. 2010-01-20 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-03）.

ornl.gov

Gene Patenting. Ornl.gov. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-10）.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Jan G. Laitos. An Introduction to the History of Law and Natural Resources. Oxford Academic. 2022 Oxford University Press. 2012 （英语）.

panda.org

wwf.panda.org

World Wildlife Fund (WWF): "Arguments for Protection" website. Wwf.panda.org. [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-09）.
Climate change, reefs and the Coral Triangle. wwf.panda.org. [2015-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2018-05-02）.

pbs.org

godfrey, laurie. isolation and biodiversity. pbs.org. [2017-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Madagascar – A World Apart: Eden Evolution. www.pbs.org. [2019-06-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

phys.org

Bending the curve of biodiversity loss. phys.org. [2020-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）（英语）.

ploscollections.org

Article collections published by the Public Library of Science. PLoS Collections. [2011-09-24]. doi:10.1371/issue.pcol.v06.i02 (不活跃 2022-07-31). （原始内容存档于2012-09-12）.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.
Quijas, Sandra; Schmid, Bernhard; Balvanera, Patricia. Plant diversity enhances provision of ecosystem services: A new synthesis. Basic and Applied Ecology. 2010-11-01, 11 (7): 582–593. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.473.7444 . doi:10.1016/j.baae.2010.06.009.
Soulé, Michael E. What is conservation biology?. BioScience. 1986, 35 (11): 727–734. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.7332 . JSTOR 1310054. doi:10.2307/1310054.
Luck, Gary W.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Ehrlich, Paul R. Population diversity and ecosystem services (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2003, 18 (7): 331–336. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.595.2377 . doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00100-9. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-02-19）.

publishing.service.gov.uk

assets.publishing.service.gov.uk

Dasgupta, Partha. The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review Headline Messages (PDF). UK government: 1. 2021 [2021-12-16]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-05-20）. Biodiversity is declining faster than at any time in human history. Current extinction rates, for example, are around 100 to 1,000 times higher than the baseline rate, and they are increasing.
UK Government Official Documents, February 2021, "The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review Headline Messages" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） p. 1

rackcdn.com

c402277.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com

Living Planet Report 2016 Risk and resilience in a new era (PDF) (报告). World Wildlife Fund International. 2016 [20 July 2022]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于7 August 2021）.

rero.ch

doc.rero.ch

Walther, Gian-Reto; Roques, Alain; Hulme, Philip E.; Sykes, Martin T.; Pyšek, Petr. Kühn, Ingolf; Zobel, Martin; Bacher, Sven; Botta-Dukát, Zoltán; Bugmann, Harald. Alien species in a warmer world: risks and opportunities (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2009-12-01, 24 (12): 686–693 [2022-10-07]. PMID 19712994. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.008. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.

rirdc.gov.au

Potts, Bradley M.; Barbour, Robert C.; Hingston, Andrew B. Genetic Pollution from Farm Forestry Using Eucalypt Species and Hydrids: A Report for the RIRDC/L & WA/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program. RIRDC. 2001. ISBN 978-0-642-58336-9. RIRDC.gov.au RIRDC Publication No 01/114; RIRDC Project No CPF – 3A 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期5 January 2016.; Australian Government, Rural Industrial Research and Development Corporation

ryerson.ca

geography.ryerson.ca

Margules C. R.; Pressey R. L. Systematic conservation planning (PDF). Nature. 2000, 405 (6783): 243–253. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. doi:10.1038/35012251. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-02-05）.

science.org

Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

scienceconnection.be

Science Connection 22 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (July 2008)

sciencedaily.com

Are invasive plants a threat to native biodiversity? It depends on the spatial scale. ScienceDaily. 2011-04-11 [2022-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

sciencenews.org

Lambert, Jonathan. Protecting half the planet could help solve climate change and save species. Science News. 2020-09-04 [2020-09-05]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）（美国英语）.

scientificamerican.com

Mirsky, Steve. Naturally Speaking: Finding Nature's Treasure Trove with the Global Ocean Sampling Expedition. Scientific American. 2007-03-21 [2011-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2013-12-31）.
"Population Bomb Author's Fix For Next Extinction: Educate Women （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". Scientific American. 12 August 2008.
Conservationists Use Triage to Determine which Species to Save and Not; Like battlefield medics, conservationists are being forced to explicitly apply triage to determine which creatures to save and which to let go （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 23 July 2012 Scientific American.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

The State of the World's Forests 2020. In brief – Forests, biodiversity and people. Rome, Italy: FAO & UNEP. 2020. ISBN 978-92-5-132707-4. S2CID 241416114. doi:10.4060/ca8985en.
Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Benton M. J. Biodiversity on land and in the sea. Geological Journal. 2001, 36 (3–4): 211–230. S2CID 140675489. doi:10.1002/gj.877.
The State of the World's Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people – In brief. Rome: FAO & UNEP. 2020. ISBN 978-92-5-132707-4. S2CID 241416114. doi:10.4060/ca8985en.
Currie, D. J.; Mittelbach, G. G.; Cornell, H. V.; Kaufman, D. M.; Kerr, J. T.; Oberdorff, T. A critical review of species-energy theory. Ecology Letters. 2004, 7 (12): 1121–1134. S2CID 212930565. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00671.x.
Hillebrand H. On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient (PDF). The American Naturalist. 2004, 163 (2): 192–211 [2022-09-18]. PMID 14970922. S2CID 9886026. doi:10.1086/381004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-22）.
Karakassis, Ioannis; Moustakas, Aristides. How diverse is aquatic biodiversity research?. Aquatic Ecology. September 2005, 39 (3): 367–375. S2CID 23630051. doi:10.1007/s10452-005-6041-y.
Cazzolla Gatti, R. The fractal nature of the latitudinal biodiversity gradient. Biologia. 2016, 71 (6): 669–672. S2CID 199471847. doi:10.1515/biolog-2016-0077.
Myers N. Threatened biotas: 'hot spots' in tropical forests. Environmentalist. 1988, 8 (3): 187–208. PMID 12322582. S2CID 2370659. doi:10.1007/BF02240252.
Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Hautmann, Michael; Bagherpour, Borhan; Brosse, Morgane; Frisk, Åsa; Hofmann, Richard; Baud, Aymon; Nützel, Alexander; Goudemand, Nicolas; Bucher, Hugo; Brayard, Arnaud. Competition in slow motion: the unusual case of benthic marine communities in the wake of the end-Permian mass extinction. Palaeontology. 2015, 58 (5): 871–901. S2CID 140688908. doi:10.1111/pala.12186.
Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.
Letourneau, Deborah K. Does plant diversity benefit agroecosystems? A synthetic review. Ecological Applications. 2011-01-01, 21 (1): 9–21. PMID 21516884. S2CID 11439673. doi:10.1890/09-2026.1.
Philpott, Stacy M.; Soong, Oliver; Lowenstein, Jacob H.; Pulido, Astrid Luz; Lopez, Diego Tobar. Flynn, Dan F. B.; DeClerck, Fabrice. Functional richness and ecosystem services: bird predation on arthropods in tropical agroecosystems. Ecological Applications. 2009-10-01, 19 (7): 1858–1867. PMID 19831075. S2CID 9867979. doi:10.1890/08-1928.1.
Vance-Chalcraft, Heather D.; et al. The Influence of Intraguild Predation on Prey Suppression and Prey Release: A Meta-analysis. Ecology. 2007-11-01, 88 (11): 2689–2696. PMID 18051635. S2CID 21458500. doi:10.1890/06-1869.1.
Levine, Jonathan M.; Adler, Peter B.; Yelenik, Stephanie G. A meta-analysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions. Ecology Letters. 2004-09-06, 7 (10): 975–989. S2CID 85852363. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00657.x.
Crowder, David W.; et al. Organic agriculture promotes evenness and natural pest control. Nature. 2010, 466 (7302): 109–112. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..109C. PMID 20596021. S2CID 205221308. doi:10.1038/nature09183.
Johnson, Pieter T. J.; et al. Biodiversity decreases disease through predictable changes in host community competence. Nature. 2013-02-13, 494 (7436): 230–233. Bibcode:2013Natur.494..230J. PMID 23407539. S2CID 205232648. doi:10.1038/nature11883.
Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Costanza, Robert; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0.
Wahl, GM; Robert de Saint Vincent B; Derose, ML. Effect of chromosomal position on amplification of transfected genes in animal cells. Nature. 1984, 307 (5951): 516–520. Bibcode:1984Natur.307..516W. PMID 6694743. S2CID 4322191. doi:10.1038/307516a0.
Mendelsohn, Robert; Balick, Michael J. The value of undiscovered pharmaceuticals in tropical forests. Economic Botany. 1995-04-01, 49 (2): 223–228. S2CID 39978586. doi:10.1007/BF02862929.
Mendelsohn, Robert; Balick, Michael J. Notes on economic plants. Economic Botany. 1997-07-01, 51 (3): 328. S2CID 5430635. doi:10.1007/BF02862103.
Hawkins E.S., Reich; Reich, MR. Japanese-originated pharmaceutical products in the United States from 1960 to 1989: an assessment of innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992, 51 (1): 1–11. PMID 1732073. S2CID 46010944. doi:10.1038/clpt.1992.1.
Wilson, J. Bastow; Peet, Robert K.; Dengler, Jürgen; Pärtel, Meelis. Plant species richness: the world records. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2012-08-01, 23 (4): 796–802. S2CID 53548257. doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01400.x.
Hawksworth, D. L. Global species numbers of fungi: are tropical studies and molecular approaches contributing to a more robust estimate?. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2012-07-24, 21 (9): 2425–2433. S2CID 15087855. doi:10.1007/s10531-012-0335-x.
Hawksworth, D. The magnitude of fungal diversity: The 1.5 million species estimate revisited. Mycological Research. 2001, 105 (12): 1422–1432. S2CID 56122588. doi:10.1017/S0953756201004725.
Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.
De Vos JM, Joppa LN, Gittleman JL, Stephens PR, Pimm SL. Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction (PDF). Conservation Biology. April 2015, 29 (2): 452–62 [2022-09-28]. PMID 25159086. S2CID 19121609. doi:10.1111/cobi.12380. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.
Mac Nally, Ralph; Bennett, Andrew F.; Thomson, James R.; Radford, James Q.; Unmack, Guy; Horrocks, Gregory; Vesk, Peter A. Collapse of an avifauna: climate change appears to exacerbate habitat loss and degradation. Diversity and Distributions. July 2009, 15 (4): 720–730. S2CID 84705733. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00578.x （英语）.
Nogué, Sandra; Rull, Valentí; Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa. Modeling biodiversity loss by global warming on Pantepui, northern South America: projected upward migration and potential habitat loss. Climatic Change. 2009-02-24, 94 (1–2): 77–85. Bibcode:2009ClCh...94...77N. S2CID 154910127. doi:10.1007/s10584-009-9554-x.
Liscow, Zachary D. Do property rights promote investment but cause deforestation? Quasi-experimental evidence from Nicaragua. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. March 2013, 65 (2): 241–261 [2022-10-03]. S2CID 115140212. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.001. （原始内容存档于2021-04-26）（英语）.
Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.
Torchin, Mark E.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Dobson, Andrew P.; McKenzie, Valerie J.; Kuris, Armand M. Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature. 2003-02-06, 421 (6923): 628–630. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..628T. PMID 12571595. S2CID 4384385. doi:10.1038/nature01346.
Levine, Jonathan M.; D'Antonio, Carla M. Elton Revisited: A Review of Evidence Linking Diversity and Invasibility. Oikos. 1999-10-01, 87 (1): 15. JSTOR 3546992. S2CID 13987518. doi:10.2307/3546992.
Levine, J. M. Species Diversity and Biological Invasions: Relating Local Process to Community Pattern. Science. 2000-05-05, 288 (5467): 852–854. Bibcode:2000Sci...288..852L. PMID 10797006. S2CID 7363143. doi:10.1126/science.288.5467.852.
Sax, Dov F.; Gaines, Steven D.; Brown, James H. Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A Comparative Study of Plants and Birds. The American Naturalist. 2002-12-01, 160 (6): 766–783. PMID 18707464. S2CID 8628360. doi:10.1086/343877.
Ellstrand, Norman C. Dangerous Liaisons? When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives 22. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003: 29–30 [2022-10-06]. ISBN 978-0-8018-7405-5. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29. （原始内容存档于2009-02-20）. Reviewed in Strauss, Steven H; DiFazio, Stephen P. Hybrids abounding. Nature Biotechnology. 2004, 22 (1): 29–30. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29.
Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.; Long, Stephen P. What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist. 2004-11-18, 165 (2): 351–372. PMID 15720649. S2CID 25887592. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x.
Doney, Scott C.; Fabry, Victoria J.; Feely, Richard A.; Kleypas, Joan A. Ocean Acidification: The Other CO Problem. Annual Review of Marine Science. 2009-01-01, 1 (1): 169–192. Bibcode:2009ARMS....1..169D. PMID 21141034. S2CID 402398. doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163834.
Loarie, Scott R.; Duffy, Philip B.; Hamilton, Healy; Asner, Gregory P.; Field, Christopher B.; Ackerly, David D. The velocity of climate change. Nature. 2009-12-24, 462 (7276): 1052–1055. Bibcode:2009Natur.462.1052L. PMID 20033047. S2CID 4419902. doi:10.1038/nature08649.
Hegland, Stein Joar; Nielsen, Anders; Lázaro, Amparo; Bjerknes, Anne-Line; Totland, Ørjan. How does climate warming affect plant-pollinator interactions?. Ecology Letters. 2009-02-01, 12 (2): 184–195. PMID 19049509. S2CID 9483613. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01269.x.
Min, Seung-Ki; Xuebin Zhang; Francis W. Zwiers; Gabriele C. Hegerl. Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes. Nature. 2011-02-17, 470 (7334): 378–381. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..378M. PMID 21331039. S2CID 1770045. doi:10.1038/nature09763.
Pimm, S. L.; Jenkins, C. N.; Abell, R.; Brooks, T. M.; Gittleman, J. L.; Joppa, L. N.; Raven, P. H.; Roberts, C. M.; Sexton, J. O. The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. Science. 2014-05-30, 344 (6187): 1246752. PMID 24876501. S2CID 206552746. doi:10.1126/science.1246752. The overarching driver of species extinction is human population growth and increasing per capita consumption.
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis. Science. 10 September 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101.
McCallum, Malcolm L. Amphibian Decline or Extinction? Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rate. Journal of Herpetology. September 2007, 41 (3): 483–491. S2CID 30162903. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[483:ADOECD]2.0.CO;2.
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. August 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.
Costanza, R.; d'Arge, R.; de Groot, R.; Farberk, S.; Grasso, M.; Hannon, B.; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital (PDF). Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-12-26）.
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R. Circling the drain: the extinction crisis and the future of humanity. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 2022, 377 (1857). PMC 9237743 . PMID 35757873. S2CID 250055843. doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0378.
Bowen, B. W. Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy. Molecular Ecology. 1999, 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–S10. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00798.x.
Margules C. R.; Pressey R. L. Systematic conservation planning (PDF). Nature. 2000, 405 (6783): 243–253. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. doi:10.1038/35012251. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-02-05）.
Kaiser, J. Bold Corridor Project Confronts Political Reality. Science. 2001-09-21, 293 (5538): 2196–2199. PMID 11567122. S2CID 153587982. doi:10.1126/science.293.5538.2196.
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Beech, E.; Rivers, M.; Oldfield, S.; Smith, P. P. GlobalTreeSearch: The first complete global database of tree species and country distributions. Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 2017-07-04, 36 (5): 454–489. S2CID 89858214. doi:10.1080/10549811.2017.1310049.
Peter, Maria; Diekötter, Tim; Höffler, Tim; Kremer, Kerstin. Biodiversity citizen science: Outcomes for the participating citizens. People and Nature. April 2021, 3 (2): 294–311. S2CID 233774150. doi:10.1002/pan3.10193.
Shiva, Vandana. Bioprospecting as Sophisticated Biopiracy. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society. January 2007, 32 (2): 307–313. S2CID 144229002. doi:10.1086/508502.
Stork, Nigel E. Biodiversity: World of insects. Nature. 2007, 448 (7154): 657–658. Bibcode:2007Natur.448..657S. PMID 17687315. S2CID 9378467. doi:10.1038/448657a.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.
Dunn, Robert R. Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority. Conservation Biology. 2005, 19 (4): 1030–1036. S2CID 38218672. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x.

si.edu

Numbers of Insects (Species and Individuals). Smithsonian Institution. [2008-02-25]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-11）.

barcoding.si.edu

Barcode of Life. Barcoding.si.edu. 2010-05-26 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-22）.

slu.se

pub.epsilon.slu.se

Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.

ssrn.com

Bosselman, Fred. A Dozen Biodiversity Puzzles. NYU Environmental Law Journal. 2004-12-15, 12 (366) [2022-10-25]. SSRN 1523937 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

stanford.edu

biox.stanford.edu

Stanford researchers discover that animal functional diversity started poor, became richer over time. biox.stanford.edu. 2015-03-11 [2022-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-11）.

telegraph.co.uk

Graham, Chris. Earth undergoing sixth 'mass extinction' as humans spur 'biological annihilation' of wildlife. The Telegraph. 2017-07-11 [2017-07-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-10）.

theguardian.com

McKie, Robin. Discovery of new species and extermination at high rate. The Guardian (London). 2005-09-25 [2022-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Carrington D. Economics of biodiversity review: what are the recommendations?. The Guardian. 2021-02-02 [2021-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-24）.
Carrington, Damian. Warning of 'ecological Armageddon' after dramatic plunge in insect numbers. The Guardian. 2017-10-18 [2022-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-11）.
Aldred, Jessica. Caribbean coral reefs 'will be lost within 20 years' without protection. The Guardian. 2014-07-02 [2015-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Brown, Paul. An unnatural disaster. The Guardian (London). 2004-01-08 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
"Citizens arrest （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". The Guardian. 11 July 2007.
Weston, Phoebe. Top scientists warn of 'ghastly future of mass extinction' and climate disruption. The Guardian. 2021-01-13 [2021-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-13）.

thehill.com

Mcelwee, Pamela. COVID-19 and the biodiversity crisis. The Hill. 2020-11-02 [2020-11-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-15）.

thenewslens.com

時代雜誌. 過去45年保護美國無數野生物種的《瀕危物種法》，是怎麼產生的？. 2018-08-04 [2022-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）.

tropecol.com

Kannan, R.; James, D. A. Effects of climate change on global biodiversity: a review of key literature (PDF). Tropical Ecology. 2009, 50 (1): 31–39 [2014-05-21]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-15）.

u-psud.fr

ese.u-psud.fr

Luck, Gary W.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Ehrlich, Paul R. Population diversity and ecosystem services (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2003, 18 (7): 331–336. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.595.2377 . doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00100-9. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-02-19）.

ucsd.edu

cmbc.ucsd.edu

Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.

umich.edu

insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu

Acari at University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Web Page. Insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu. 2003-11-10 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2009-09-17）.

umn.edu

plpa.cfans.umn.edu

Genetic pollution: Uncontrolled escape of genetic information (frequently referring to products of genetic engineering) into the genomes of organisms in the environment where those genes never existed before. Searchable Biotechnology Dictionary. University of Minnesota. （原始内容存档于2008-02-10）.

un.org

《World Population Prospects 2022 Summary of Results》 (PDF). United Nations. United Nations. [2022-10-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-19）.

unenvironment.org

Science points to causes of COVID-19. United Nations Environmental Programm. United Nations. 2020-05-22 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-25）.

unep-wcmc.org

resources.unep-wcmc.org

Guidance on Integrating Ecosystem Considerations into Climate Change Vulnerability and Impact Assessment to Inform Ecosystem-based Adaptation. UNEP–WCMC. 2015-03-31 [2022-10-18].

unep.org

Mapping the web of life. Unep.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-02-14）.

unibo.it

scienzagiovane.unibo.it

The many facets of pollution. Bologna University. [2012-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2009-04-09）.

uv.mx

Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.

uvm.edu

Costanza, R.; d'Arge, R.; de Groot, R.; Farberk, S.; Grasso, M.; Hannon, B.; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital (PDF). Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-12-26）.

uwc.ac.za

planet.botany.uwc.ac.za

Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.

uzh.ch

zora.uzh.ch

De Vos JM, Joppa LN, Gittleman JL, Stephens PR, Pimm SL. Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction (PDF). Conservation Biology. April 2015, 29 (2): 452–62 [2022-09-28]. PMID 25159086. S2CID 19121609. doi:10.1111/cobi.12380. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.

web.archive.org

Dasmann, Raymond F. A Different Kind of Country. Kirkus Reviews. 1967 [2022-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Brown, William Y. Brown. Conserving Biological Diversity. Brookings Institution. 2011-08-09 [2022-08-07]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Robert E. Jenkins. Nature.org. 2011-08-18 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-19）.
Wilson, E. O. Biodiversity. National Academy Press. 1988: vi [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. PMID 25032475. doi:10.17226/989. （原始内容存档于2022-03-24）.
Wilson, E.O. Biodiversity. National Academies Press. 1988-01-01. ISBN 978-0-309-03739-6. online edition 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期13 September 2006.
Global Biodiversity Assessment: Summary for Policy-makers. Cambridge University Press. 1995. ISBN 978-0-521-56481-6. Annex 6, Glossary. Used as source by "Biodiversity", Glossary of terms related to the CBD 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期10 September 2011., Belgian Clearing-House Mechanism. Retrieved 26 April 2006.
Lefcheck, Jon. What is functional diversity, and why do we care?. sample(ECOLOGY). 2014-10-20 [2015-12-22]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Bélanger, J.; Pilling, D. The State of the World's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture (PDF). Rome: FAO. 2019: 4 [2022-09-12]. ISBN 978-92-5-131270-4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-11-23）.
Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
A Durable Yet Vulnerable Eden in Amazonia. Dot Earth blog, New York Times. 2010-01-20 [2013-02-02]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-03）.
Mora C, Robertson DR. Causes of latitudinal gradients in species richness: a test with fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific (PDF). Ecology. 2005, 86 (7): 1771–1792 [2022-09-18]. doi:10.1890/04-0883. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04）.
Hillebrand H. On the generality of the latitudinal diversity gradient (PDF). The American Naturalist. 2004, 163 (2): 192–211 [2022-09-18]. PMID 14970922. S2CID 9886026. doi:10.1086/381004. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-22）.
Biodiversity A-Z. Biodiversity Hotspots. [2022-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-13）.
Myers N. The biodiversity challenge: expanded hot-spots analysis (PDF). Environmentalist. 1990, 10 (4): 243–256 [2022-09-19]. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.468.8666 . PMID 12322583. S2CID 22995882. doi:10.1007/BF02239720. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-09-09）.
Tittensor D.; et al. Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa (PDF). Nature. 2011, 466 (7310): 1098–1101 [2022-09-19]. Bibcode:2010Natur.466.1098T. PMID 20668450. S2CID 4424240. doi:10.1038/nature09329. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-08-31）.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Colombia in the World. Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Research on Biological Resources. [2013-12-30]. （原始内容存档于2013-10-29）.
godfrey, laurie. isolation and biodiversity. pbs.org. [2017-10-22]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Madagascar – A World Apart: Eden Evolution. www.pbs.org. [2019-06-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Mapping the web of life. Unep.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2007-02-14）.
Stanford researchers discover that animal functional diversity started poor, became richer over time. biox.stanford.edu. 2015-03-11 [2022-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2018-07-11）.
Markov, AV; Korotaev, AV. Hyperbolic growth of marine and continental biodiversity through the phanerozoic and community evolution. Journal of General Biology. 2008, 69 (3): 175–194 [2022-09-20]. PMID 18677962. （原始内容存档于2009-12-25）.
National Survey Reveals Biodiversity Crisis 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期7 June 2007. American Museum of Natural History
Cardinale, Bradley; et al. Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity (PDF). Nature. 2012, 486 (7401): 59–67 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2012Natur.486...59C. PMID 22678280. S2CID 4333166. doi:10.1038/nature11148. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-09-21）.
Eric Chivian； Aaron Bernstein. How Our Health Depends on Biodiversity (PDF). the Center for Health and the Global Environment at Harvard Medical School. 2010: 6 [2022-09-22]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.
Garibaldi, L. A.; et al. Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance. Science. 2013-02-28, 339 (6127): 1608–1611 [2022-09-21]. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1608G. PMID 23449997. S2CID 88564525. doi:10.1126/science.1230200. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
IPBES. Assessment Report on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production. ipbes.org. IPBES. 2018-06-26 [2021-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-01）.
Rice Grassy Stunt Virus. Lumrix.net. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2011-07-23）.
Southern Corn Leaf Blight. [2007-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2011-08-14）.
World Health Organization(WHO) and Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2015) Connecting Global Priorities: Biodiversity and Human Health, a State of Knowledge Review . See also Website of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity on biodiversity and health （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Other relevant resources include Reports of the 1st and 2nd International Conferences on Health and Biodiversity. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期7 January 2009. See also: Website of the UN COHAB Initiative 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 February 2009.
(2009) "Climate Change and Biological Diversity" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Convention on Biological Diversity Retrieved 5 November 2009
Ramanujan, Krishna. Study: Loss of species is bad for your health. Cornell Chronicle. 2010-12-02 [2011-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-03-03）.
Drinking-water. World Health Organization. [2022-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-30）.
COHAB Initiative: Biodiversity and Human Health – the issues. Cohabnet.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-05）.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF): "Arguments for Protection" website. Wwf.panda.org. [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-09）.
Science points to causes of COVID-19. United Nations Environmental Programm. United Nations. 2020-05-22 [2020-06-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-25）.
(2006) "Molecular Pharming" GMO Compass Retrieved 5 November 2009, GMOcompass.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期8 February 2008.
Roopesh, J.; et al. Marine organisms: Potential Source for Drug Discovery (PDF). Current Science. 2008-02-10, 94 (3): 292. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-10-11）.
COHAB Initiative – on Natural Products and Medicinal Resources. Cohabnet.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-25）.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005 Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Opportunities and Challenges for Business and Industry （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Business and Biodiversity webpage of the U.N. Convention on Biological Diversity. Cbd.int. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-01）.
WRI Corporate Ecosystem Services Review. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） See also: Examples of Ecosystem-Service Based Risks, Opportunities and Strategies 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期1 April 2009.
Corporate Biodiversity Accounting. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） See also: Making the Natural Capital Declaration Accountable. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Tribot, A.; Mouquet, N.; Villeger, S.; Raymond, M.; Hoff, F.; Boissery, P.; Holon, F.; Deter, J. Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs (PDF). Scientific Reports. 2016, 6: 34229 [2022-09-26]. Bibcode:2016NatSR...634229T. PMC 5039688 . PMID 27677850. doi:10.1038/srep34229. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-08-01）.
Broad, William. Paradise Lost: Biosphere Retooled as Atmospheric Nightmare. The New York Times. 1996-11-19 [2013-04-10]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Ponti, Crystal. Rise of the Robot Bees: Tiny Drones Turned into Artificial Pollinators. NPR. 2017-03-03 [2018-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Galus, Christine. Protection de la biodiversité : un inventaire difficile. Le Monde. 2007-03-05 [2022-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）（法语）.
Numbers of Insects (Species and Individuals). Smithsonian Institution. [2008-02-25]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-11）.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Census of Marine Life (CoML) News.BBC.co.uk （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Acari at University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Web Page. Insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu. 2003-11-10 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2009-09-17）.
Fact Sheet – Expedition Overview (PDF). J. Craig Venter Institute. [2010-08-29]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-06-29）.
Mirsky, Steve. Naturally Speaking: Finding Nature's Treasure Trove with the Global Ocean Sampling Expedition. Scientific American. 2007-03-21 [2011-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2013-12-31）.
McKie, Robin. Discovery of new species and extermination at high rate. The Guardian (London). 2005-09-25 [2022-09-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Gabriel, Sigmar. 30% of all species lost by 2050. BBC News. 2007-03-09 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-04）.
Pimm, S. L.; Russell, G. J.; Gittleman, J. L.; Brooks, T. M. The Future of Biodiversity (PDF). Science. 1995, 269 (5222): 347–350 [2011-05-04]. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..347P. PMID 17841251. S2CID 35154695. doi:10.1126/science.269.5222.347. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-07-15）.
Reid, Walter V. Reversing the loss of biodiversity: An overview of international measures. Arid Lands Newsletter. Ag.arizona.edu. 1995 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2009-06-27）.
Carrington D. Economics of biodiversity review: what are the recommendations?. The Guardian. 2021-02-02 [2021-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-24）.
Dasgupta, Partha. The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review Headline Messages (PDF). UK government: 1. 2021 [2021-12-16]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-05-20）. Biodiversity is declining faster than at any time in human history. Current extinction rates, for example, are around 100 to 1,000 times higher than the baseline rate, and they are increasing.
De Vos JM, Joppa LN, Gittleman JL, Stephens PR, Pimm SL. Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction (PDF). Conservation Biology. April 2015, 29 (2): 452–62 [2022-09-28]. PMID 25159086. S2CID 19121609. doi:10.1111/cobi.12380. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.
Researches find threat from biodiversity loss equals climate change threat. Winnipeg Free Press. 2012-06-07 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-14）.
Living Planet Report 2016 Risk and resilience in a new era (PDF) (报告). World Wildlife Fund International. 2016 [20 July 2022]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于7 August 2021）.
Living Planet Report 2014 (PDF), World Wildlife Fund, [2014-10-04], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-10-06）
Carrington, Damian. Warning of 'ecological Armageddon' after dramatic plunge in insect numbers. The Guardian. 2017-10-18 [2022-07-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-07-11）.
Briggs, Helen. Wildlife in 'catastrophic decline' due to human destruction, scientists warn. BBC. 2020-09-10 [2020-12-03]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-10）.
Lovett, Richard A. Endangered Species List Expands to 16,000. National Geographic. 2006-05-02. （原始内容存档于2017-08-05）.
IUCN Red List version 2022-1: Table 1a. IUCN. 2022-07-21 [2022-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-20）.
IPBES生物多樣性和生態系統服務全球評估報告決策者摘要. IPBES. 2019: 12 [2022-10-21]. ISBN 978-3-947851-18-8. （原始内容存档于2022-10-23）.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [2021-06-28]. （原始内容存档于2020-03-04）.
C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Deforestation （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Encyclopedia of Earth. ed. C.Cleveland. NCSE. Washington DC
Liscow, Zachary D. Do property rights promote investment but cause deforestation? Quasi-experimental evidence from Nicaragua. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. March 2013, 65 (2): 241–261 [2022-10-03]. S2CID 115140212. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.001. （原始内容存档于2021-04-26）（英语）.
Study: Loss of Genetic Diversity Threatens Species Diversity. Enn.com. 2007-09-26 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2018-01-21）.
Science Connection 22 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (July 2008)
Koh L. P.; Dunn R. R.; Sodhi N. S.; Colwell R. K.; Proctor H. C.; Smith V. S. Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis (PDF). Science. 2004, 305 (5690): 1632–1634. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-26）.
Bees and other pollinating insects disappear from quarter of UK habitats in population crash. The Independent. 2019-03-26 [2022-10-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-28）.
Walker, Robert. The Insect Apocalypse Is Coming: Here Are 5 Lessons We Must Learn. Ecowatch. 2019-04-10 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-10）.
Ariel Garlow. 拒絕棕櫚油的三個理由：環境、動物和人道. 環境資訊中心. 2016-08-14 [2022-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Are invasive plants a threat to native biodiversity? It depends on the spatial scale. ScienceDaily. 2011-04-11 [2022-10-04]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Vimal, Anupama. Tackle Biodiversity Loss, Climate Change Together for A Better Tomorrow. Indian Flash News. 2021-06-15 [2021-06-15]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）（美国英语）.
"Genetic Pollution: The Great Genetic Scandal"; 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期18 May 2009.
Pollan, Michael. The year in ideas: A TO Z.; Genetic Pollution. The New York Times. 2001-12-09. （原始内容存档于2022-02-23）.
Ellstrand, Norman C. Dangerous Liaisons? When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives 22. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2003: 29–30 [2022-10-06]. ISBN 978-0-8018-7405-5. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29. （原始内容存档于2009-02-20）. Reviewed in Strauss, Steven H; DiFazio, Stephen P. Hybrids abounding. Nature Biotechnology. 2004, 22 (1): 29–30. S2CID 41155573. doi:10.1038/nbt0104-29.
Genetic pollution: Uncontrolled escape of genetic information (frequently referring to products of genetic engineering) into the genomes of organisms in the environment where those genes never existed before. Searchable Biotechnology Dictionary. University of Minnesota. （原始内容存档于2008-02-10）.
The many facets of pollution. Bologna University. [2012-05-18]. （原始内容存档于2009-04-09）.
Glossary: definitions from the following publication: Aubry, C., R. Shoal and V. Erickson. 2005. Grass cultivars: their origins, development, and use on national forests and grasslands in the Pacific Northwest. USDA Forest Service. 44 pages, plus appendices.; Native Seed Network (NSN), Institute for Applied Ecology, Corvallis, OR. Nativeseednetwork.org. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2006-02-22）.
Potts, Bradley M.; Barbour, Robert C.; Hingston, Andrew B. Genetic Pollution from Farm Forestry Using Eucalypt Species and Hydrids: A Report for the RIRDC/L & WA/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program. RIRDC. 2001. ISBN 978-0-642-58336-9. RIRDC.gov.au RIRDC Publication No 01/114; RIRDC Project No CPF – 3A 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期5 January 2016.; Australian Government, Rural Industrial Research and Development Corporation
Climate change and biodiversity (PDF). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2005 [2012-06-12]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2018-02-05）.
Kannan, R.; James, D. A. Effects of climate change on global biodiversity: a review of key literature (PDF). Tropical Ecology. 2009, 50 (1): 31–39 [2014-05-21]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-15）.
Climate change, reefs and the Coral Triangle. wwf.panda.org. [2015-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2018-05-02）.
Aldred, Jessica. Caribbean coral reefs 'will be lost within 20 years' without protection. The Guardian. 2014-07-02 [2015-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Walther, Gian-Reto; Roques, Alain; Hulme, Philip E.; Sykes, Martin T.; Pyšek, Petr. Kühn, Ingolf; Zobel, Martin; Bacher, Sven; Botta-Dukát, Zoltán; Bugmann, Harald. Alien species in a warmer world: risks and opportunities (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2009-12-01, 24 (12): 686–693 [2022-10-07]. PMID 19712994. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.008. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-20）.
Brown, Paul. An unnatural disaster. The Guardian (London). 2004-01-08 [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
《World Population Prospects 2022 Summary of Results》 (PDF). United Nations. United Nations. [2022-10-07]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-19）.
"Citizens arrest （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". The Guardian. 11 July 2007.
"Population Bomb Author's Fix For Next Extinction: Educate Women （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". Scientific American. 12 August 2008.
Dumont, E. Estimated impact of global population growth on future wilderness extent. (PDF). Earth System Dynamics Discussions. 2012, 3 (1): 433–452 [2013-04-03]. Bibcode:2012ESDD....3..433D. doi:10.5194/esdd-3-433-2012. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-11-22）.
Weston, Phoebe. Top scientists warn of 'ghastly future of mass extinction' and climate disruption. The Guardian. 2021-01-13 [2021-08-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-13）.
Sutter, John D. How to stop the sixth mass extinction. CNN. 2016-12-12 [2017-01-01]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-13）.
Lewis, Sophie. Animal populations worldwide have declined by almost 70% in just 50 years, new report says. CBS News. 2020-09-09 [2020-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-10）. The overuse of these finite resources by at least 56% has had a devastating effect on biodiversity, which is crucial to sustaining human life on Earth. "It is like living off 1.56 Earths," Mathis Wackernagel, David Lin, Alessandro Galli and Laurel Hanscom from the Global Footprint Network said in the report.
Strong evidence shows Sixth Mass Extinction of global biodiversity in progress. EurekAlert!. 2022-01-13 [2022-02-17]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-12）.
Dirzo, Rodolfo; Hillary S. Young; Mauro Galetti; Gerardo Ceballos; Nick J. B. Isaac; Ben Collen. Defaunation in the Anthropocene (PDF). Science. 2014, 345 (6195): 401–406 [2022-10-12]. Bibcode:2014Sci...345..401D. PMID 25061202. S2CID 206555761. doi:10.1126/science.1251817. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-05-11）. In the past 500 years, humans have triggered a wave of extinction, threat, and local population declines that may be comparable in both rate and magnitude with the five previous mass extinctions of Earth’s history.
Costanza, R.; d'Arge, R.; de Groot, R.; Farberk, S.; Grasso, M.; Hannon, B.; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; et al. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital (PDF). Nature. 1997, 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. S2CID 672256. doi:10.1038/387253a0. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-12-26）.
UK Government Official Documents, February 2021, "The Economics of Biodiversity: The Dasgupta Review Headline Messages" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） p. 1
Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (PDF). the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. 2019-05-06 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-05-14）.
Deutsche Welle, Deutsche. Why Biodiversity Loss Hurts Humans as Much as Climate Change Does. Ecowatch. 2019-05-06 [2019-05-10]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-17）.
Mcelwee, Pamela. COVID-19 and the biodiversity crisis. The Hill. 2020-11-02 [2020-11-27]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-15）.
Escaping the 'Era of Pandemics': Experts Warn Worse Crises to Come Options Offered to Reduce Risk. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. 2020 [2020-11-27]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-05）.
Dyke, Fred Van. Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications. Springer Science & Business Media. 2008-02-29 [2022-10-13]. ISBN 978-1-4020-6890-4. （原始内容存档于2023-03-26）.
Example: Gascon, C., Collins, J. P., Moore, R. D., Church, D. R., McKay, J. E. and Mendelson, J. R. III (eds) (2007). Amphibian Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 64pp. Amphibians.org 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期4 July 2007., see also Millenniumassessment.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Europa.eu 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期12 February 2009.
Margules C. R.; Pressey R. L. Systematic conservation planning (PDF). Nature. 2000, 405 (6783): 243–253. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. doi:10.1038/35012251. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-02-05）.
Luck, Gary W.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Ehrlich, Paul R. Population diversity and ecosystem services (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2003, 18 (7): 331–336. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.595.2377 . doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00100-9. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-02-19）.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. www.millenniumassessment.org. （原始内容存档于2015-08-13）.
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 1999/22/EC, relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos. Ministry of Economic Affairs. 2014-03-25 [2022-10-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-06）（英语）.
Barcode of Life. Barcoding.si.edu. 2010-05-26 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-22）.
Belgium creating 45 "seed gardens"; gene banks with intent to reintroduction. Hbvl.be. 2011-09-08 [2011-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-20）.
Mulongoy, Kalemani Jo; Chape, Stuart. Protected Areas and Biodiversity: An Overview of Key Issues (PDF). Montreal, Canada and Cambridge, UK: CBD Secretariat and UNEP-WCMC. 2004: 15 and 25 [2017-10-23]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2017-09-22）.
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.
Lambert, Jonathan. Protecting half the planet could help solve climate change and save species. Science News. 2020-09-04 [2020-09-05]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）（美国英语）.
Protected areas. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2015-08-20 [2022-10-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-20）.
FAO – Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Toolbox. [2020-12-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-30）.
Protected areas, Category II: National Park. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2016-02-05 [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-18）.
國家公園法. 全國法規資料庫. [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）.
Code of Federal Regulations, title-36/chapter-I. [2022-10-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.
Gesetz über Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege. Bundesministerium der Justiz. [2022-10-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-14）.
野生動物保護法. 全國法規資料庫. [2022-10-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-19）.
Conservationists Use Triage to Determine which Species to Save and Not; Like battlefield medics, conservationists are being forced to explicitly apply triage to determine which creatures to save and which to let go （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 23 July 2012 Scientific American.
時代雜誌. 過去45年保護美國無數野生物種的《瀕危物種法》，是怎麼產生的？. 2018-08-04 [2022-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）.
Jones-Walters, L.; Mulder, I. Valuing nature: The economics of biodiversity (PDF). Journal for Nature Conservation. 2009, 17 (4): 245–247 [2022-10-21]. doi:10.1016/j.jnc.2009.06.001. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-07-02）.
Bending the curve of biodiversity loss. phys.org. [2020-10-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-21）（英语）.
COP15: NATIONS ADOPT FOUR GOALS, 23 TARGETS FOR 2030 IN LANDMARK UN BIODIVERSITY AGREEMENT. cbd.int. 2022-12-19 [2022-12-20]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-20）（英语）.
Biodiversity strategy for 2030. European Commission website. [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-26）（英语）.
From Farm to Fork. European Commission website. European Union. [2020-05-26]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-07）.
EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030. European Commission website. European Union. [2020-05-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-26）.
Gene Patenting. Ornl.gov. [2009-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-10）.
林奐妤；洪子淵；陳南宏. 國內外基因體工程相關法規掃描與探討. 農業科技決策資訊平台. [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-11）.
Bosselman, Fred. A Dozen Biodiversity Puzzles. NYU Environmental Law Journal. 2004-12-15, 12 (366) [2022-10-25]. SSRN 1523937 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.
《Mongabay》. 被改造過的自然生態系：印度那加蘭邦社區保育永續經營新挑戰. 環境資源中心. 2020-12-31 [2022-10-25]. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.
Thomas J. A.; Telfer M. G.; Roy D. B.; Preston C. D.; Greenwood J. J. D.; Asher J.; Fox R.; Clarke R. T.; Lawton J. H. Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis. Science. 2004, 303 (5665): 1879–1881 [2022-10-25]. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. （原始内容存档于2022-10-25）.

who.int

Drinking-water. World Health Organization. [2022-09-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-09-30）.

winnipegfreepress.com

Researches find threat from biodiversity loss equals climate change threat. Winnipeg Free Press. 2012-06-07 [2022-09-28]. （原始内容存档于2012-06-14）.

wm.edu

scholarworks.wm.edu

Cardinale, Bradley. J.; et al. The functional role of producer diversity in ecosystems. American Journal of Botany. March 2011, 98 (3): 572–592 [2022-09-15]. PMID 21613148. S2CID 10801536. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000364. hdl:2027.42/141994 . （原始内容存档于2022-10-20）.

worldcat.org

Cogitore, Clément (1983–....)., Hypothesis, January 1988, ISBN 9780309037396, OCLC 968249007
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature. February 2000, 403 (6772): 853–858 [2022-08-09]. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279. doi:10.1038/35002501. eISSN 1476-4687. （原始内容存档于2017-07-09）.
Hallmann, Caspar A.; Sorg, Martin; Jongejans, Eelke; Siepel, Henk; Hofland, Nick; Schwan, Heinz; Stenmans, Werner; Müller, Andreas; Sumser, Hubert; Hörren, Thomas; Goulson, Dave. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLOS ONE. 2017-10-18, 12 (10): e0185809. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285809H. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5646769 . PMID 29045418. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185809  （英语）.
Allan, James R.; Possingham, Hugh P.; Atkinson, Scott C.; Waldron, Anthony; Di Marco, Moreno; Butchart, Stuart H. M.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Kissling, W. Daniel; Worsdell, Thomas; Sandbrook, Chris; Gibbon, Gwili. The minimum land area requiring conservation attention to safeguard biodiversity. Science. 2022-06-03, 376 (6597): 1094–1101 [2022-10-18]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 35653463. S2CID 233423065. doi:10.1126/science.abl9127. hdl:11573/1640006. （原始内容存档于2022-11-15）（英语）.

worldwildlife.org

assets.worldwildlife.org

Living Planet Report 2014 (PDF), World Wildlife Fund, [2014-10-04], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-10-06）

wri.org

WRI Corporate Ecosystem Services Review. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） See also: Examples of Ecosystem-Service Based Risks, Opportunities and Strategies 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期1 April 2009.

yale.edu

digitalcommons.law.yale.edu

Liscow, Zachary D. Do property rights promote investment but cause deforestation? Quasi-experimental evidence from Nicaragua. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. March 2013, 65 (2): 241–261 [2022-10-03]. S2CID 115140212. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2012.07.001. （原始内容存档于2021-04-26）（英语）.

zenodo.org

IPBES生物多樣性和生態系統服務全球評估報告決策者摘要. IPBES. 2019: 12 [2022-10-21]. ISBN 978-3-947851-18-8. （原始内容存档于2022-10-23）.