疼痛管理 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "疼痛管理" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Chinese rank

55doi.org

2^nd place

23^rd place

53nih.gov

4^th place

5^th place

26web.archive.org

1^st place

18semanticscholar.org

11^th place

332^nd place

13archive.org

6^th place

4^th place

6worldcat.org

5^th place

12^th place

2medlineplus.gov

1,581^st place

1,717^th place

2springer.com

274^th place

320^th place

2sciencedirect.com

149^th place

292^nd place

2apa.org

1,220^th place

936^th place

1books.google.com

3^rd place

8^th place

1consumerreports.org

4,720^th place

8,539^th place

1ovid.com

low place

1medra.org

low place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

216^th place

1lshtm.ac.uk

low place

1archive-it.org

910^th place

767^th place

1painphysicianjournal.com

low place

1patientpop.com

low place

1oup.com

485^th place

489^th place

1who.int

195^th place

179^th place

1consumerhealthchoices.org

low place

3,241^st place

1biomedcentral.com

2,747^th place

1,988^th place

1fda.gov

447^th place

581^st place

1searchmedica.com

low place

1brainfacts.org

low place

1hps-pain.gr

low place

1algoloji.org.tr

low place

1jstor.org

26^th place

113^th place

1hrw.org

729^th place

973^rd place

1aappublications.org

3,763^rd place

2,997^th place

1abnormalchildpsychology.org

low place

1somepomed.org

low place

1ama-cmeonline.com

low place

1abpn.com

low place

aappublications.org

pediatrics.aappublications.org

American Academy of Pediatrics. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. September 2001, 108 (3): 793–7 [2021-05-14]. PMID 11533354. doi:10.1542/peds.108.3.793 . （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.

abnormalchildpsychology.org

Abnormal Child Psychology. [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-02）.

abpn.com

Taking a Subspecialty Exam - American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. [2015-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-05）.

algoloji.org.tr

Ana Sayfa. Algoloji - Ağrı Derneği. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-09）.

ama-cmeonline.com

Pediatric Pain Management (PDF). American Medical Association. [March 27, 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于June 11, 2014）.

apa.org

What Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?. American Psychological Association (APA). [2020-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-13）（英语）.
American Psychological Association. Hypnosis for the relief and control of pain. American Psychological Association. 2 July 2004 [29 April 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-30）.

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

Boswell MV, Trescot AM, Datta S, Schultz DM, Hansen HC, Abdi S, et al. Interventional techniques: evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of chronic spinal pain (PDF). Pain Physician. January 2007, 10 (1): 7–111. PMID 17256025. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-09-12）.

archive.org

Hardy PA. Chronic pain management: the essentials. U.K.: Greenwich Medical Media. 1997: 10. ISBN 978-1-900151-85-6.
Main CJ, Spanswick CC. Pain management: an interdisciplinary approach. Churchill Livingstone. 2000. ISBN 978-0-443-05683-3. Pain management: an interdisciplinary approach.
Turner JA, Clancy S. Comparison of operant behavioral and cognitive-behavioral group treatment for chronic low back pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. April 1988, 56 (2): 261–6. PMID 2967314. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.2.261.
Elkins G, Jensen MP, Patterson DR. Hypnotherapy for the management of chronic pain. The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. July 2007, 55 (3): 275–87. PMC 2752362 . PMID 17558718. doi:10.1080/00207140701338621.
Accardi MC, Milling LS. The effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing procedure-related pain in children and adolescents: a comprehensive methodological review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. August 2009, 32 (4): 328–39. PMID 19255840. S2CID 22933756. doi:10.1007/s10865-009-9207-6.
Jensen M, Patterson DR. Hypnotic treatment of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. February 2006, 29 (1): 95–124. PMID 16404678. S2CID 19895534. doi:10.1007/s10865-005-9031-6.
Reynolds LA, Tansey EM (编). Innovation in pain management : the transcript of a Witness seminar held by the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, London, on 12 december 2002. London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London. 2004. ISBN 978-0-85484-097-7.
Daubresse M, Chang HY, Yu Y, Viswanathan S, Shah ND, Stafford RS, et al. Ambulatory diagnosis and treatment of nonmalignant pain in the United States, 2000-2010. Medical Care. October 2013, 51 (10): 870–8. PMC 3845222 . PMID 24025657. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a95d86.
Munir MA, Enany N, Zhang JM. Nonopioid analgesics. The Medical Clinics of North America. January 2007, 91 (1): 97–111. PMID 17164106. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2006.10.011.
Ballantyne JC. Opioids for chronic nonterminal pain. Southern Medical Journal. November 2006, 99 (11): 1245–55. PMID 17195420. S2CID 408226. doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000223946.19256.17.
Joy JE, Watson Jr SJ, Benson Jr JA. Watson SJ, Benson JA, Joy JE , 编. Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Institute of Medicine. 1999 [3 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-309-07155-0. PMID 25101425. doi:10.17226/6376.
Caraceni A, Zecca E, Martini C, De Conno F. Gabapentin as an adjuvant to opioid analgesia for neuropathic cancer pain. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. June 1999, 17 (6): 441–5. PMID 10388250. doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00033-0 .
Wente SJ. Nonpharmacologic pediatric pain management in emergency departments: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Emergency Nursing. March 2013, 39 (2): 140–50. PMID 23199786. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2012.09.011.

biomedcentral.com

bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com

Friesen, K.J.; Falk, J. The safety of meperidine prescribing in older adults: A longitudinal population-based study. BMC Geriatrics. [2021-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-06）.

books.google.com

Thienhaus O, Cole BE. The classification of pain. Weiner RS (编). Pain management: A practical guide for clinicians. CRC Press. 2002: 29 [2021-05-14]. ISBN 978-0-8493-0926-7. （原始内容存档于2021-05-04）.

brainfacts.org

BrainFacts. www.brainfacts.org. [2019-04-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-29）（英语）.

consumerhealthchoices.org

Consumer Reports Health Best Buy Drugs, Using Opioids to Treat: Chronic Pain - Comparing Effectiveness, Safety, and Price (PDF), Opioids, Yonkers, New York: Consumer Reports, July 2012 [28 October 2013], （原始内容存档于2017-06-23）

consumerreports.org

Consumer Reports. Pain Relief: What You Need to Know. Consumer Reports. April 28, 2016 [26 May 2016]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-18）.

doi.org

Geertzen JH, Van Wilgen CP, Schrier E, Dijkstra PU. Chronic pain in rehabilitation medicine. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2006, 28 (6): 363–7. PMID 16492632. S2CID 39024642. doi:10.1080/09638280500287437.
Bai R, Li C, Xiao Y, Sharma M, Zhang F, Zhao Y. Effectiveness of spa therapy for patients with chronic low back pain: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. September 2019, 98 (37): e17092 [2021-05-14]. PMC 6750337 . PMID 31517832. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017092. （原始内容存档于2020-03-19）.
Li Y, Yin Y, Jia G, Chen H, Yu L, Wu D. Effects of kinesiotape on pain and disability in individuals with chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Rehabilitation. April 2019, 33 (4): 596–606. PMID 30526011. S2CID 54472064. doi:10.1177/0269215518817804.
Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain - United States, 2016. MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. March 2016, 65 (1): 1–49. PMID 26987082. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1  （美国英语）.
Coulter ID, Crawford C, Hurwitz EL, Vernon H, Khorsan R, Suttorp Booth M, Herman PM. Manipulation and mobilization for treating chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Spine Journal. May 2018, 18 (5): 866–879. PMC 6020029 . PMID 29371112. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2018.01.013.
Wood L, Hendrick PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pain neuroscience education for chronic low back pain: Short-and long-term outcomes of pain and disability. European Journal of Pain. February 2019, 23 (2): 234–249. PMID 30178503. S2CID 52148708. doi:10.1002/ejp.1314.
Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2017, 4: CD011279. PMC 5461882 . PMID 28436583. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011279.pub3. 已忽略未知参数|collaboration= (帮助)
Vanti C, Andreatta S, Borghi S, Guccione AA, Pillastrini P, Bertozzi L. The effectiveness of walking versus exercise on pain and function in chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2019, 41 (6): 622–632. PMID 29207885. S2CID 29187140. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1410730.
Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.
Dubinsky RM, Miyasaki J. Assessment: efficacy of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of pain in neurologic disorders (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. January 2010, 74 (2): 173–6. PMID 20042705. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c918fc .
Zaghi, Soroush; Thiele, Bruna; Pimentel, Daniel; Pimentel, Thais; Fregni, Felipe. Assessment and treatment of pain with non-invasive cortical stimulation. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience. 2011, 29 (6): 439–451. doi:10.3233/RNN-2011-0615.
Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.
Fregni, Felipe; Gimenes, Rafaela; Valle, Angela C.; Ferreira, Merari J. L.; Rocha, Renata R.; Natalle, Luane; Bravo, Riviane; Rigonatti, Sergio P.; Freedman, Steven D.; Nitsche, Michael A.; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro. A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2006, 54 (12): 3988–3998. doi:10.1002/art.22195 （英语）.
Madsen MV, Gøtzsche PC, Hróbjartsson A. Acupuncture treatment for pain: systematic review of randomised clinical trials with acupuncture, placebo acupuncture, and no acupuncture groups. BMJ. January 2009, 338: a3115. PMC 2769056 . PMID 19174438. doi:10.1136/bmj.a3115.
Liao J, Wang T, Dong W, Yang J, Zhang J, Li L, et al. Acupoint injection for nonspecific chronic low back pain: A protocol of systematic review. Medicine. July 2019, 98 (29): e16478. PMC 6709064 . PMID 31335709. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000016478.
Chou R, Huffman LH. Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine. October 2007, 147 (7): 492–504. PMID 17909210. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00007 .
Yousefi-Nooraie R, Schonstein E, Heidari K, Rashidian A, Pennick V, Akbari-Kamrani M, et al. Yousefi-Nooraie R , 编. Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2008, (2): CD005107 [2021-05-14]. PMID 18425909. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-09-23）.
Varrassi G, Paladini A, Marinangeli F, Racz G. Neural modulation by blocks and infusions. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 34–8. PMID 17309707. S2CID 22767485. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00056.x.
Meglio M. Spinal cord stimulation in chronic pain management. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. July 2004, 15 (3): 297–306. PMID 15246338. doi:10.1016/j.nec.2004.02.012.
Rasche D, Ruppolt M, Stippich C, Unterberg A, Tronnier VM. Motor cortex stimulation for long-term relief of chronic neuropathic pain: a 10 year experience. Pain. March 2006, 121 (1–2): 43–52. PMID 16480828. S2CID 24552444. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.006.
Romanelli P, Esposito V, Adler J. Ablative procedures for chronic pain. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. July 2004, 15 (3): 335–42. PMID 15246341. doi:10.1016/j.nec.2004.02.009.
Contreras Lopez WO, Navarro PA, Vargas MD, Alape E, Camacho Lopez PA. Pulsed Radiofrequency Versus Continuous Radiofrequency for Facet Joint Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurgery. February 2019, 122: 390–396. PMID 30404055. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.191.
Noori-Zadeh A, Bakhtiyari S, Khooz R, Haghani K, Darabi S. Intra-articular ozone therapy efficiently attenuates pain in knee osteoarthritic subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. February 2019, 42: 240–247. PMID 30670248. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.023.
McCracken, Lance M.; Jones, Rosie. Treatment for Chronic Pain for Adults in the Seventh and Eighth Decades of Life: A Preliminary Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Pain Medicine. 2012, 13 (7): 861–867 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1526-2375. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01407.x. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.
Turner JA, Clancy S. Comparison of operant behavioral and cognitive-behavioral group treatment for chronic low back pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. April 1988, 56 (2): 261–6. PMID 2967314. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.2.261.
Eccleston C. Can 'ehealth' technology deliver on its promise of pain management for all?. Pain. August 2011, 152 (8): 1701–2. PMID 21612868. S2CID 10332663. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.05.004.
Williams, Amanda C. de C.; Fisher, Emma; Hearn, Leslie; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12 August 2020, 8: CD007407 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7437545 . PMID 32794606. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4. （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Fisher E, Law E, Dudeney J, Eccleston C, Palermo TM. Psychological therapies (remotely delivered) for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2019, 4: CD011118. PMC 6445568 . PMID 30939227. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011118.pub3.
Fisher, Emma; Law, Emily; Dudeney, Joanne; Palermo, Tonya M.; Stewart, Gavin; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 29 September 2018, 9: CD003968. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6257251 . PMID 30270423. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003968.pub5.
Elkins G, Jensen MP, Patterson DR. Hypnotherapy for the management of chronic pain. The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. July 2007, 55 (3): 275–87. PMC 2752362 . PMID 17558718. doi:10.1080/00207140701338621.
Accardi MC, Milling LS. The effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing procedure-related pain in children and adolescents: a comprehensive methodological review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. August 2009, 32 (4): 328–39. PMID 19255840. S2CID 22933756. doi:10.1007/s10865-009-9207-6.
Jensen M, Patterson DR. Hypnotic treatment of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. February 2006, 29 (1): 95–124. PMID 16404678. S2CID 19895534. doi:10.1007/s10865-005-9031-6.
Thompson T, Terhune DB, Oram C, Sharangparni J, Rouf R, Solmi M, et al. The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. April 2019, 99: 298–310. PMID 30790634. S2CID 72334198. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.013.
Reiner K, Tibi L, Lipsitz JD. Do mindfulness-based interventions reduce pain intensity? A critical review of the literature. Pain Medicine. February 2013, 14 (2): 230–42. PMID 23240921. doi:10.1111/pme.12006 .
McClintock AS, McCarrick SM, Garland EL, Zeidan F, Zgierska AE. Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Acute and Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. March 2019, 25 (3): 265–278. PMC 6437625 . PMID 30523705. doi:10.1089/acm.2018.0351.
Aiyer R, Gulati A, Gungor S, Bhatia A, Mehta N. Treatment of Chronic Pain With Various Buprenorphine Formulations: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Anesthesia and Analgesia. August 2018, 127 (2): 529–538. PMID 29239947. S2CID 33903526. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002718.
Dunn KM, Saunders KW, Rutter CM, Banta-Green CJ, Merrill JO, Sullivan MD, et al. Opioid prescriptions for chronic pain and overdose: a cohort study. Annals of Internal Medicine. January 2010, 152 (2): 85–92. PMC 3000551 . PMID 20083827. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00006.
Daubresse M, Chang HY, Yu Y, Viswanathan S, Shah ND, Stafford RS, et al. Ambulatory diagnosis and treatment of nonmalignant pain in the United States, 2000-2010. Medical Care. October 2013, 51 (10): 870–8. PMC 3845222 . PMID 24025657. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a95d86.
Carinci AJ, Mao J. Pain and opioid addiction: what is the connection?. Current Pain and Headache Reports. February 2010, 14 (1): 17–21. PMID 20425210. S2CID 17411800. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0086-x.
Starrels JL, Becker WC, Alford DP, Kapoor A, Williams AR, Turner BJ. Systematic review: treatment agreements and urine drug testing to reduce opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain. Annals of Internal Medicine. June 2010, 152 (11): 712–20. PMID 20513829. S2CID 10551876. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00004.
Munir MA, Enany N, Zhang JM. Nonopioid analgesics. The Medical Clinics of North America. January 2007, 91 (1): 97–111. PMID 17164106. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2006.10.011.
Ballantyne JC. Opioids for chronic nonterminal pain. Southern Medical Journal. November 2006, 99 (11): 1245–55. PMID 17195420. S2CID 408226. doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000223946.19256.17.
Mulita, Francesk; Karpetas, Georgios; Liolis, Elias; Vailas, Michail; Tchabashvili, Levan; Maroulis, Ioannis. Comparison of analgesic efficacy of acetaminophen monotherapy versus acetaminophen combinations with either pethidine or parecoxib in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized prospective study. Medicinski Glasnik Ljekarske komore Zenicko-dobojskog kantona. 2021, (1). ISSN 1840-0132. doi:10.17392/1245-21.
Jackson KC. Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 27–33. PMID 17309706. S2CID 21422222. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00055.x.
Joy JE, Watson Jr SJ, Benson Jr JA. Watson SJ, Benson JA, Joy JE , 编. Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Institute of Medicine. 1999 [3 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-309-07155-0. PMID 25101425. doi:10.17226/6376.
Zogopoulos P, Vasileiou I, Patsouris E, Theocharis SE. The role of endocannabinoids in pain modulation. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology. February 2013, 27 (1): 64–80. PMID 23278562. S2CID 38293097. doi:10.1111/fcp.12008.
Caraceni A, Zecca E, Martini C, De Conno F. Gabapentin as an adjuvant to opioid analgesia for neuropathic cancer pain. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. June 1999, 17 (6): 441–5. PMID 10388250. doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00033-0 .
Devan H, Hale L, Hempel D, Saipe B, Perry MA. What Works and Does Not Work in a Self-Management Intervention for People With Chronic Pain? Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis. Physical Therapy. May 2018, 98 (5): 381–397. PMID 29669089. doi:10.1093/ptj/pzy029 .
Elbers S, Wittink H, Pool JJ, Smeets RJ. The effectiveness of generic self-management interventions for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain on physical function, self-efficacy, pain intensity and physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Pain. October 2018, 22 (9): 1577–1596. PMC 6175326 . PMID 29845678. doi:10.1002/ejp.1253.
Tick H, Nielsen A, Pelletier KR, Bonakdar R, Simmons S, Glick R, et al. Evidence-Based Nonpharmacologic Strategies for Comprehensive Pain Care: The Consortium Pain Task Force White Paper. Explore. May 2018, 14 (3): 177–211. PMID 29735382. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2018.02.001 .
American Academy of Pediatrics. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. September 2001, 108 (3): 793–7 [2021-05-14]. PMID 11533354. doi:10.1542/peds.108.3.793 . （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Weydert JA. The interdisciplinary management of pediatric pain: Time for more integration. Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management. 2013, 17 (2013): 188–94. doi:10.1053/j.trap.2014.07.006.
Wente SJ. Nonpharmacologic pediatric pain management in emergency departments: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Emergency Nursing. March 2013, 39 (2): 140–50. PMID 23199786. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2012.09.011.
Zagustin TK. The role of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain in adolescents. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 697–704. PMID 23953015. S2CID 20013375. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.05.009.
Mayer EK, Ihm JM, Sibell DM, Press JM, Kennedy DJ. ACGME sports, ACGME pain, or non-ACGME sports and spine: which is the ideal fellowship training for PM&R physicians interested in musculoskeletal medicine?. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 718–23; discussion 723–5. PMID 23953018. S2CID 39220409. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.07.004.

fda.gov

Abuse-deterrent opioids: evaluation and laveling guidance for industry. Food and Drug Administration. [28 March 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-15）.

hps-pain.gr

Αρχική Σελίδα. HPS-Pain.gr. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-12）.

hrw.org

Human Rights Watch, Global State of Pain Treatment: Access to Medicines and Palliative Care, Human Rights Watch, 2 June 2011 [28 July 2016], （原始内容存档于2019-08-16）

jstor.org

Schiller F. The history of algology, algotherapy, and the role of inhibition. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences. 1990, 12 (1): 27–49. JSTOR 23330469. PMID 2243924.

lshtm.ac.uk

researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk

Yousefi-Nooraie R, Schonstein E, Heidari K, Rashidian A, Pennick V, Akbari-Kamrani M, et al. Yousefi-Nooraie R , 编. Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2008, (2): CD005107 [2021-05-14]. PMID 18425909. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-09-23）.

medlineplus.gov

Chronic Pain: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment. NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine. [2019-03-12]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-06）.
Over-the-counter pain relievers. MedlinePlus. 12 October 2018 [11 May 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-14）.

medra.org

Zaghi, Soroush; Thiele, Bruna; Pimentel, Daniel; Pimentel, Thais; Fregni, Felipe. Assessment and treatment of pain with non-invasive cortical stimulation. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience. 2011, 29 (6): 439–451. doi:10.3233/RNN-2011-0615.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Geertzen JH, Van Wilgen CP, Schrier E, Dijkstra PU. Chronic pain in rehabilitation medicine. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2006, 28 (6): 363–7. PMID 16492632. S2CID 39024642. doi:10.1080/09638280500287437.
Bai R, Li C, Xiao Y, Sharma M, Zhang F, Zhao Y. Effectiveness of spa therapy for patients with chronic low back pain: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. September 2019, 98 (37): e17092 [2021-05-14]. PMC 6750337 . PMID 31517832. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017092. （原始内容存档于2020-03-19）.
Li Y, Yin Y, Jia G, Chen H, Yu L, Wu D. Effects of kinesiotape on pain and disability in individuals with chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Rehabilitation. April 2019, 33 (4): 596–606. PMID 30526011. S2CID 54472064. doi:10.1177/0269215518817804.
Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain - United States, 2016. MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. March 2016, 65 (1): 1–49. PMID 26987082. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr6501e1  （美国英语）.
Coulter ID, Crawford C, Hurwitz EL, Vernon H, Khorsan R, Suttorp Booth M, Herman PM. Manipulation and mobilization for treating chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Spine Journal. May 2018, 18 (5): 866–879. PMC 6020029 . PMID 29371112. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2018.01.013.
Wood L, Hendrick PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pain neuroscience education for chronic low back pain: Short-and long-term outcomes of pain and disability. European Journal of Pain. February 2019, 23 (2): 234–249. PMID 30178503. S2CID 52148708. doi:10.1002/ejp.1314.
Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2017, 4: CD011279. PMC 5461882 . PMID 28436583. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011279.pub3. 已忽略未知参数|collaboration= (帮助)
Vanti C, Andreatta S, Borghi S, Guccione AA, Pillastrini P, Bertozzi L. The effectiveness of walking versus exercise on pain and function in chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2019, 41 (6): 622–632. PMID 29207885. S2CID 29187140. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1410730.
O, Tashani; Johnson, MI. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) A Possible Aid for Pain Relief in Developing Countries?. Lybian Journal of Medicine. 2009-06-01, 4 (2): 62–65 [2020-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-08）.
Dubinsky RM, Miyasaki J. Assessment: efficacy of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of pain in neurologic disorders (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. January 2010, 74 (2): 173–6. PMID 20042705. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c918fc .
Madsen MV, Gøtzsche PC, Hróbjartsson A. Acupuncture treatment for pain: systematic review of randomised clinical trials with acupuncture, placebo acupuncture, and no acupuncture groups. BMJ. January 2009, 338: a3115. PMC 2769056 . PMID 19174438. doi:10.1136/bmj.a3115.
Liao J, Wang T, Dong W, Yang J, Zhang J, Li L, et al. Acupoint injection for nonspecific chronic low back pain: A protocol of systematic review. Medicine. July 2019, 98 (29): e16478. PMC 6709064 . PMID 31335709. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000016478.
Chou R, Huffman LH. Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Annals of Internal Medicine. October 2007, 147 (7): 492–504. PMID 17909210. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00007 .
Yousefi-Nooraie R, Schonstein E, Heidari K, Rashidian A, Pennick V, Akbari-Kamrani M, et al. Yousefi-Nooraie R , 编. Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2008, (2): CD005107 [2021-05-14]. PMID 18425909. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-09-23）.
Varrassi G, Paladini A, Marinangeli F, Racz G. Neural modulation by blocks and infusions. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 34–8. PMID 17309707. S2CID 22767485. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00056.x.
Meglio M. Spinal cord stimulation in chronic pain management. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. July 2004, 15 (3): 297–306. PMID 15246338. doi:10.1016/j.nec.2004.02.012.
Rasche D, Ruppolt M, Stippich C, Unterberg A, Tronnier VM. Motor cortex stimulation for long-term relief of chronic neuropathic pain: a 10 year experience. Pain. March 2006, 121 (1–2): 43–52. PMID 16480828. S2CID 24552444. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.006.
Boswell MV, Trescot AM, Datta S, Schultz DM, Hansen HC, Abdi S, et al. Interventional techniques: evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of chronic spinal pain (PDF). Pain Physician. January 2007, 10 (1): 7–111. PMID 17256025. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-09-12）.
Romanelli P, Esposito V, Adler J. Ablative procedures for chronic pain. Neurosurgery Clinics of North America. July 2004, 15 (3): 335–42. PMID 15246341. doi:10.1016/j.nec.2004.02.009.
Contreras Lopez WO, Navarro PA, Vargas MD, Alape E, Camacho Lopez PA. Pulsed Radiofrequency Versus Continuous Radiofrequency for Facet Joint Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurgery. February 2019, 122: 390–396. PMID 30404055. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.191.
Noori-Zadeh A, Bakhtiyari S, Khooz R, Haghani K, Darabi S. Intra-articular ozone therapy efficiently attenuates pain in knee osteoarthritic subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. February 2019, 42: 240–247. PMID 30670248. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.023.
Turner JA, Clancy S. Comparison of operant behavioral and cognitive-behavioral group treatment for chronic low back pain. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. April 1988, 56 (2): 261–6. PMID 2967314. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.2.261.
Eccleston C. Can 'ehealth' technology deliver on its promise of pain management for all?. Pain. August 2011, 152 (8): 1701–2. PMID 21612868. S2CID 10332663. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.05.004.
Williams, Amanda C. de C.; Fisher, Emma; Hearn, Leslie; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12 August 2020, 8: CD007407 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7437545 . PMID 32794606. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4. （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Fisher E, Law E, Dudeney J, Eccleston C, Palermo TM. Psychological therapies (remotely delivered) for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2019, 4: CD011118. PMC 6445568 . PMID 30939227. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011118.pub3.
Fisher, Emma; Law, Emily; Dudeney, Joanne; Palermo, Tonya M.; Stewart, Gavin; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 29 September 2018, 9: CD003968. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6257251 . PMID 30270423. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003968.pub5.
Elkins G, Jensen MP, Patterson DR. Hypnotherapy for the management of chronic pain. The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. July 2007, 55 (3): 275–87. PMC 2752362 . PMID 17558718. doi:10.1080/00207140701338621.
Accardi MC, Milling LS. The effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing procedure-related pain in children and adolescents: a comprehensive methodological review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. August 2009, 32 (4): 328–39. PMID 19255840. S2CID 22933756. doi:10.1007/s10865-009-9207-6.
Jensen M, Patterson DR. Hypnotic treatment of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. February 2006, 29 (1): 95–124. PMID 16404678. S2CID 19895534. doi:10.1007/s10865-005-9031-6.
Thompson T, Terhune DB, Oram C, Sharangparni J, Rouf R, Solmi M, et al. The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. April 2019, 99: 298–310. PMID 30790634. S2CID 72334198. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.013.
Reiner K, Tibi L, Lipsitz JD. Do mindfulness-based interventions reduce pain intensity? A critical review of the literature. Pain Medicine. February 2013, 14 (2): 230–42. PMID 23240921. doi:10.1111/pme.12006 .
McClintock AS, McCarrick SM, Garland EL, Zeidan F, Zgierska AE. Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Acute and Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. March 2019, 25 (3): 265–278. PMC 6437625 . PMID 30523705. doi:10.1089/acm.2018.0351.
Bell, James. Pharmacological maintenance treatments of opiate addiction. British Journal of clinical Pharmacology. [31 December 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-12）.
Aiyer R, Gulati A, Gungor S, Bhatia A, Mehta N. Treatment of Chronic Pain With Various Buprenorphine Formulations: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Anesthesia and Analgesia. August 2018, 127 (2): 529–538. PMID 29239947. S2CID 33903526. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002718.
Dunn KM, Saunders KW, Rutter CM, Banta-Green CJ, Merrill JO, Sullivan MD, et al. Opioid prescriptions for chronic pain and overdose: a cohort study. Annals of Internal Medicine. January 2010, 152 (2): 85–92. PMC 3000551 . PMID 20083827. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00006.
Daubresse M, Chang HY, Yu Y, Viswanathan S, Shah ND, Stafford RS, et al. Ambulatory diagnosis and treatment of nonmalignant pain in the United States, 2000-2010. Medical Care. October 2013, 51 (10): 870–8. PMC 3845222 . PMID 24025657. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a95d86.
Carinci AJ, Mao J. Pain and opioid addiction: what is the connection?. Current Pain and Headache Reports. February 2010, 14 (1): 17–21. PMID 20425210. S2CID 17411800. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0086-x.
Starrels JL, Becker WC, Alford DP, Kapoor A, Williams AR, Turner BJ. Systematic review: treatment agreements and urine drug testing to reduce opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain. Annals of Internal Medicine. June 2010, 152 (11): 712–20. PMID 20513829. S2CID 10551876. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00004.
Munir MA, Enany N, Zhang JM. Nonopioid analgesics. The Medical Clinics of North America. January 2007, 91 (1): 97–111. PMID 17164106. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2006.10.011.
Ballantyne JC. Opioids for chronic nonterminal pain. Southern Medical Journal. November 2006, 99 (11): 1245–55. PMID 17195420. S2CID 408226. doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000223946.19256.17.
Jackson KC. Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 27–33. PMID 17309706. S2CID 21422222. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00055.x.
Joy JE, Watson Jr SJ, Benson Jr JA. Watson SJ, Benson JA, Joy JE , 编. Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Institute of Medicine. 1999 [3 May 2013]. ISBN 978-0-309-07155-0. PMID 25101425. doi:10.17226/6376.
Zogopoulos P, Vasileiou I, Patsouris E, Theocharis SE. The role of endocannabinoids in pain modulation. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology. February 2013, 27 (1): 64–80. PMID 23278562. S2CID 38293097. doi:10.1111/fcp.12008.
Caraceni A, Zecca E, Martini C, De Conno F. Gabapentin as an adjuvant to opioid analgesia for neuropathic cancer pain. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. June 1999, 17 (6): 441–5. PMID 10388250. doi:10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00033-0 .
Devan H, Hale L, Hempel D, Saipe B, Perry MA. What Works and Does Not Work in a Self-Management Intervention for People With Chronic Pain? Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis. Physical Therapy. May 2018, 98 (5): 381–397. PMID 29669089. doi:10.1093/ptj/pzy029 .
Elbers S, Wittink H, Pool JJ, Smeets RJ. The effectiveness of generic self-management interventions for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain on physical function, self-efficacy, pain intensity and physical activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Pain. October 2018, 22 (9): 1577–1596. PMC 6175326 . PMID 29845678. doi:10.1002/ejp.1253.
Schiller F. The history of algology, algotherapy, and the role of inhibition. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences. 1990, 12 (1): 27–49. JSTOR 23330469. PMID 2243924.
Tick H, Nielsen A, Pelletier KR, Bonakdar R, Simmons S, Glick R, et al. Evidence-Based Nonpharmacologic Strategies for Comprehensive Pain Care: The Consortium Pain Task Force White Paper. Explore. May 2018, 14 (3): 177–211. PMID 29735382. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2018.02.001 .
American Academy of Pediatrics. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. September 2001, 108 (3): 793–7 [2021-05-14]. PMID 11533354. doi:10.1542/peds.108.3.793 . （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Wente SJ. Nonpharmacologic pediatric pain management in emergency departments: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Emergency Nursing. March 2013, 39 (2): 140–50. PMID 23199786. doi:10.1016/j.jen.2012.09.011.
Zagustin TK. The role of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain in adolescents. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 697–704. PMID 23953015. S2CID 20013375. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.05.009.
Mayer EK, Ihm JM, Sibell DM, Press JM, Kennedy DJ. ACGME sports, ACGME pain, or non-ACGME sports and spine: which is the ideal fellowship training for PM&R physicians interested in musculoskeletal medicine?. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 718–23; discussion 723–5. PMID 23953018. S2CID 39220409. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.07.004.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Williams, Amanda C. de C.; Fisher, Emma; Hearn, Leslie; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12 August 2020, 8: CD007407 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7437545 . PMID 32794606. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4. （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

McCracken, Lance M.; Jones, Rosie. Treatment for Chronic Pain for Adults in the Seventh and Eighth Decades of Life: A Preliminary Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Pain Medicine. 2012, 13 (7): 861–867 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1526-2375. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01407.x. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.

ovid.com

insights.ovid.com

Bai R, Li C, Xiao Y, Sharma M, Zhang F, Zhao Y. Effectiveness of spa therapy for patients with chronic low back pain: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. September 2019, 98 (37): e17092 [2021-05-14]. PMC 6750337 . PMID 31517832. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017092. （原始内容存档于2020-03-19）.

painphysicianjournal.com

Boswell MV, Trescot AM, Datta S, Schultz DM, Hansen HC, Abdi S, et al. Interventional techniques: evidence-based practice guidelines in the management of chronic spinal pain (PDF). Pain Physician. January 2007, 10 (1): 7–111. PMID 17256025. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-09-12）.

patientpop.com

sa1s3.patientpop.com

Arle, Jeffrey; Shils, Jay. Essential Neuromodulation (PDF). Academic Press. : 73 [2021-05-14]. ISBN 978-0-12-381409-8. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-05-04）.

sciencedirect.com

Contreras Lopez WO, Navarro PA, Vargas MD, Alape E, Camacho Lopez PA. Pulsed Radiofrequency Versus Continuous Radiofrequency for Facet Joint Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurgery. February 2019, 122: 390–396. PMID 30404055. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.10.191.
Thompson T, Terhune DB, Oram C, Sharangparni J, Rouf R, Solmi M, et al. The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. April 2019, 99: 298–310. PMID 30790634. S2CID 72334198. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.013.

searchmedica.com

King SA. Guidelines for prescribing opioids for chronic pain. Psychiatr Times. 2010, 27 (5): 20. ^{[永久失效連結]}

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Geertzen JH, Van Wilgen CP, Schrier E, Dijkstra PU. Chronic pain in rehabilitation medicine. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2006, 28 (6): 363–7. PMID 16492632. S2CID 39024642. doi:10.1080/09638280500287437.
Li Y, Yin Y, Jia G, Chen H, Yu L, Wu D. Effects of kinesiotape on pain and disability in individuals with chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Rehabilitation. April 2019, 33 (4): 596–606. PMID 30526011. S2CID 54472064. doi:10.1177/0269215518817804.
Wood L, Hendrick PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of pain neuroscience education for chronic low back pain: Short-and long-term outcomes of pain and disability. European Journal of Pain. February 2019, 23 (2): 234–249. PMID 30178503. S2CID 52148708. doi:10.1002/ejp.1314.
Vanti C, Andreatta S, Borghi S, Guccione AA, Pillastrini P, Bertozzi L. The effectiveness of walking versus exercise on pain and function in chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Disability and Rehabilitation. March 2019, 41 (6): 622–632. PMID 29207885. S2CID 29187140. doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1410730.
Varrassi G, Paladini A, Marinangeli F, Racz G. Neural modulation by blocks and infusions. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 34–8. PMID 17309707. S2CID 22767485. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00056.x.
Rasche D, Ruppolt M, Stippich C, Unterberg A, Tronnier VM. Motor cortex stimulation for long-term relief of chronic neuropathic pain: a 10 year experience. Pain. March 2006, 121 (1–2): 43–52. PMID 16480828. S2CID 24552444. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.006.
Eccleston C. Can 'ehealth' technology deliver on its promise of pain management for all?. Pain. August 2011, 152 (8): 1701–2. PMID 21612868. S2CID 10332663. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.05.004.
Accardi MC, Milling LS. The effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing procedure-related pain in children and adolescents: a comprehensive methodological review. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. August 2009, 32 (4): 328–39. PMID 19255840. S2CID 22933756. doi:10.1007/s10865-009-9207-6.
Jensen M, Patterson DR. Hypnotic treatment of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. February 2006, 29 (1): 95–124. PMID 16404678. S2CID 19895534. doi:10.1007/s10865-005-9031-6.
Thompson T, Terhune DB, Oram C, Sharangparni J, Rouf R, Solmi M, et al. The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. April 2019, 99: 298–310. PMID 30790634. S2CID 72334198. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.013.
Aiyer R, Gulati A, Gungor S, Bhatia A, Mehta N. Treatment of Chronic Pain With Various Buprenorphine Formulations: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Anesthesia and Analgesia. August 2018, 127 (2): 529–538. PMID 29239947. S2CID 33903526. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002718.
Carinci AJ, Mao J. Pain and opioid addiction: what is the connection?. Current Pain and Headache Reports. February 2010, 14 (1): 17–21. PMID 20425210. S2CID 17411800. doi:10.1007/s11916-009-0086-x.
Starrels JL, Becker WC, Alford DP, Kapoor A, Williams AR, Turner BJ. Systematic review: treatment agreements and urine drug testing to reduce opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain. Annals of Internal Medicine. June 2010, 152 (11): 712–20. PMID 20513829. S2CID 10551876. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00004.
Ballantyne JC. Opioids for chronic nonterminal pain. Southern Medical Journal. November 2006, 99 (11): 1245–55. PMID 17195420. S2CID 408226. doi:10.1097/01.smj.0000223946.19256.17.
Jackson KC. Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain. Pain Practice. March 2006, 6 (1): 27–33. PMID 17309706. S2CID 21422222. doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2006.00055.x.
Zogopoulos P, Vasileiou I, Patsouris E, Theocharis SE. The role of endocannabinoids in pain modulation. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology. February 2013, 27 (1): 64–80. PMID 23278562. S2CID 38293097. doi:10.1111/fcp.12008.
Zagustin TK. The role of cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain in adolescents. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 697–704. PMID 23953015. S2CID 20013375. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.05.009.
Mayer EK, Ihm JM, Sibell DM, Press JM, Kennedy DJ. ACGME sports, ACGME pain, or non-ACGME sports and spine: which is the ideal fellowship training for PM&R physicians interested in musculoskeletal medicine?. PM & R. August 2013, 5 (8): 718–23; discussion 723–5. PMID 23953018. S2CID 39220409. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.07.004.

somepomed.org

存档副本. [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-04）.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.
Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.

web.archive.org

Thienhaus O, Cole BE. The classification of pain. Weiner RS (编). Pain management: A practical guide for clinicians. CRC Press. 2002: 29 [2021-05-14]. ISBN 978-0-8493-0926-7. （原始内容存档于2021-05-04）.
Consumer Reports. Pain Relief: What You Need to Know. Consumer Reports. April 28, 2016 [26 May 2016]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-18）.
Bai R, Li C, Xiao Y, Sharma M, Zhang F, Zhao Y. Effectiveness of spa therapy for patients with chronic low back pain: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. September 2019, 98 (37): e17092 [2021-05-14]. PMC 6750337 . PMID 31517832. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017092. （原始内容存档于2020-03-19）.
Chronic Pain: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment. NIH MedlinePlus the Magazine. [2019-03-12]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-06）.
O, Tashani; Johnson, MI. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) A Possible Aid for Pain Relief in Developing Countries?. Lybian Journal of Medicine. 2009-06-01, 4 (2): 62–65 [2020-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-08）.
Yousefi-Nooraie R, Schonstein E, Heidari K, Rashidian A, Pennick V, Akbari-Kamrani M, et al. Yousefi-Nooraie R , 编. Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. April 2008, (2): CD005107 [2021-05-14]. PMID 18425909. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005107.pub4. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-09-23）.
Arle, Jeffrey; Shils, Jay. Essential Neuromodulation (PDF). Academic Press. : 73 [2021-05-14]. ISBN 978-0-12-381409-8. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-05-04）.
McCracken, Lance M.; Jones, Rosie. Treatment for Chronic Pain for Adults in the Seventh and Eighth Decades of Life: A Preliminary Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Pain Medicine. 2012, 13 (7): 861–867 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1526-2375. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01407.x. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.
What Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?. American Psychological Association (APA). [2020-07-14]. （原始内容存档于2022-01-13）（英语）.
Williams, Amanda C. de C.; Fisher, Emma; Hearn, Leslie; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12 August 2020, 8: CD007407 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7437545 . PMID 32794606. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4. （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
American Psychological Association. Hypnosis for the relief and control of pain. American Psychological Association. 2 July 2004 [29 April 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-30）.
WHO - WHO's cancer pain ladder for adults. WHO. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-24）.
Consumer Reports Health Best Buy Drugs, Using Opioids to Treat: Chronic Pain - Comparing Effectiveness, Safety, and Price (PDF), Opioids, Yonkers, New York: Consumer Reports, July 2012 [28 October 2013], （原始内容存档于2017-06-23）
Over-the-counter pain relievers. MedlinePlus. 12 October 2018 [11 May 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-14）.
Bell, James. Pharmacological maintenance treatments of opiate addiction. British Journal of clinical Pharmacology. [31 December 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-12）.
Friesen, K.J.; Falk, J. The safety of meperidine prescribing in older adults: A longitudinal population-based study. BMC Geriatrics. [2021-04-05]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-06）.
Abuse-deterrent opioids: evaluation and laveling guidance for industry. Food and Drug Administration. [28 March 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-15）.
BrainFacts. www.brainfacts.org. [2019-04-03]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-29）（英语）.
Αρχική Σελίδα. HPS-Pain.gr. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-12）.
Ana Sayfa. Algoloji - Ağrı Derneği. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2021-06-09）.
Human Rights Watch, Global State of Pain Treatment: Access to Medicines and Palliative Care, Human Rights Watch, 2 June 2011 [28 July 2016], （原始内容存档于2019-08-16）
American Academy of Pediatrics. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. September 2001, 108 (3): 793–7 [2021-05-14]. PMID 11533354. doi:10.1542/peds.108.3.793 . （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Abnormal Child Psychology. [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-02）.
存档副本. [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-04）.
Pediatric Pain Management (PDF). American Medical Association. [March 27, 2014]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于June 11, 2014）.
Taking a Subspecialty Exam - American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. [2015-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-05）.

who.int

WHO - WHO's cancer pain ladder for adults. WHO. [2021-05-14]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-24）.

wiley.com

doi.wiley.com

Fregni, Felipe; Gimenes, Rafaela; Valle, Angela C.; Ferreira, Merari J. L.; Rocha, Renata R.; Natalle, Luane; Bravo, Riviane; Rigonatti, Sergio P.; Freedman, Steven D.; Nitsche, Michael A.; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro. A randomized, sham-controlled, proof of principle study of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2006, 54 (12): 3988–3998. doi:10.1002/art.22195 （英语）.

worldcat.org

Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.
Aboud, Talal; Schuster, Nathaniel M. Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2019, 21 (12): 62. ISSN 1092-8480. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0601-2 （英语）.
McCracken, Lance M.; Jones, Rosie. Treatment for Chronic Pain for Adults in the Seventh and Eighth Decades of Life: A Preliminary Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Pain Medicine. 2012, 13 (7): 861–867 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1526-2375. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01407.x. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）.
Williams, Amanda C. de C.; Fisher, Emma; Hearn, Leslie; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12 August 2020, 8: CD007407 [2021-05-14]. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7437545 . PMID 32794606. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub4. （原始内容存档于2021-04-15）.
Fisher, Emma; Law, Emily; Dudeney, Joanne; Palermo, Tonya M.; Stewart, Gavin; Eccleston, Christopher. Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 29 September 2018, 9: CD003968. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6257251 . PMID 30270423. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003968.pub5.
Mulita, Francesk; Karpetas, Georgios; Liolis, Elias; Vailas, Michail; Tchabashvili, Levan; Maroulis, Ioannis. Comparison of analgesic efficacy of acetaminophen monotherapy versus acetaminophen combinations with either pethidine or parecoxib in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized prospective study. Medicinski Glasnik Ljekarske komore Zenicko-dobojskog kantona. 2021, (1). ISSN 1840-0132. doi:10.17392/1245-21.