第四正規化 (Chinese Wikipedia)

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"A relation schema R* is in fourth normal form (4NF) if, whenever a nontrivial multivalued dependency X $\twoheadrightarrow$ Y holds for R*, then so does the functional dependency X → A for every column name A of R*. Intuitively all dependencies are the result of keys." Fagin, Ronald. Multivalued Dependencies and a New Normal Form for Relational Databases (PDF). ACM Transactions on Database Systems. September 1977, 2 (1): 267. doi:10.1145/320557.320571. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-11-29）.

"A relation schema R* is in fourth normal form (4NF) if, whenever a nontrivial multivalued dependency X $\twoheadrightarrow$ Y holds for R*, then so does the functional dependency X → A for every column name A of R*. Intuitively all dependencies are the result of keys." Fagin, Ronald. Multivalued Dependencies and a New Normal Form for Relational Databases (PDF). ACM Transactions on Database Systems. September 1977, 2 (1): 267. doi:10.1145/320557.320571. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-11-29）.

"A relation schema R* is in fourth normal form (4NF) if, whenever a nontrivial multivalued dependency X $\twoheadrightarrow$ Y holds for R*, then so does the functional dependency X → A for every column name A of R*. Intuitively all dependencies are the result of keys." Fagin, Ronald. Multivalued Dependencies and a New Normal Form for Relational Databases (PDF). ACM Transactions on Database Systems. September 1977, 2 (1): 267. doi:10.1145/320557.320571. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-11-29）.