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美国权利法案 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "美国权利法案" in Chinese language version.

refsWebsite
Global rank Chinese rank
53web.archive.org
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17justia.com
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2,022nd place
17wikipedia.org
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14highbeam.com
405th place
987th place
13amazon.com
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269th place
4archives.gov
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3books.google.com
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8th place
3britannica.com
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2teachingamericanhistory.org
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2uchicago.edu
230th place
439th place
2loc.gov
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2usmarshals.gov
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1jmu.edu
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6,381st place
1archive.org
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1ait.org.tw
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1,531st place
1npr.org
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352nd place
1findlaw.com
1,478th place
2,525th place
1nytimes.com
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1cnn.com
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1revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com
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1state.nc.us
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1csmonitor.com
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1news.google.com
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ait.org.tw

web-archive-2017.ait.org.tw

amazon.com

archive.org

archives.gov

books.google.com

britannica.com

global.britannica.com

britannica.com

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

csmonitor.com

findlaw.com

caselaw.lp.findlaw.com

highbeam.com

jmu.edu

  • Text of Madison's speech, at the James Madison Center. [2009-03-18]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-18）. That there be prefixed to the constitution a declaration That all power is originally vested in, and consequently derived from the people.
    That government is instituted, and ought to be exercised for the benefit of the people; which consists in the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the right of acquiring and using property, and generally of pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
    That the people have an indubitable, unalienable, and indefeasible right to reform or change their government, whenever it be found adverse or inadequate to the purposes of its institution.
    Secondly. That in article 2nd. section 2, clause 3, these words be struck out, to wit, "The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative, and until such enumeration shall be made." And that in place thereof be inserted these words, to wit, "After the first actual enumeration, there shall be one representative for every thirty thousand, until the number amount to after which the proportion shall be so regulated by congress, that the number shall never be less than nor more than but each state shall after the first enumeration, have at least two representatives; and prior thereto."
    Thirdly. That in article 2nd, section 6, clause 1, there be added to the end of the first sentence, these words, to wit, "But no law varying the compensation last ascertained shall operate before the next ensuing election of representatives."
    Fourthly. That in article 2nd, section 9, between clauses 3 and 4, be inserted these clauses, to wit,The civil rights of none shall be abridged on account of religious belief or worship, nor shall any national religion be established, nor shall the full and equal rights of conscience by in any manner, or on any pretext infringed.
    The people shall not be deprived or abridged of their right to speak, to write, or to publish their sentiments; and the freedom of the press, as one of the great bulwarks of liberty, shall be inviolable.
    The people shall not be restrained from peaceably assembling and consulting for their common good, nor from applying to the legislature by petitions, or remonstrances for redress of their grievances.
    The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; a well armed, and well regulated militia being the best security of a free country: but no person religiously scrupulous of bearing arms, shall be compelled to render military service in person.
    No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor at any time, but in a manner warranted by law.
    No person shall be subject, except in cases of impeachment, to more than one punishment, or one trial for the same office; nor shall be compelled to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; nor be obliged to relinquish his property, where it may be necessary for public use, without a just compensation.
    Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
    The rights of the people to be secured in their persons, their houses, their papers, and their other property from all unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated by warrants issued without probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, or not particularly describing the places to be searched, or the persons or things to be seized.
    In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, to be informed of the cause and nature of the accusation, to be confronted with his accusers, and the witnesses against him; to have a compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
    The exceptions here or elsewhere in the constitution, made in favor of particular rights, shall not be so construed as to diminish the just importance of other rights retained by the people; or as to enlarge the powers delegated by the constitution; but either as actual limitations of such powers, or as inserted merely for greater caution.
    Fifthly. That in article 2nd, section 10, between clauses 1 and 2, be inserted this clause, to wit: No state shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases.
    Sixthly. That article 3rd, section 2, be annexed to the end of clause 2nd, these words to wit: but no appeal to such court shall be allowed where the value in controversy shall not amount to————dollars: nor shall any fact triable by jury, according to the course of common law, be otherwise re—examinable than may consist with the principles of common law.
    That in article 3rd, section 2, the third clause be struck out, and in its place be inserted the classes following, to wit:
    The trial of all crimes (except in cases of impeachments, and cases arising in the land or naval forces, or the militia when on actual service in time of war or public danger) shall be by an impartial jury of freeholders of the vicinage, with the requisite of unanimity for conviction, of the right of challenge, and other accustomed requisites; and in all crimes punishable with loss of life or member, presentment or indictment by a grand jury shall be an essential preliminary, provided that in cases of crimes committed within any county which may be in possession of an enemy, or in which a general insurrection may prevail, the trial may by law be authorized in some other county of the same state, as near as may be to the seat of the offence.
    In cases of crimes committed not within any county, the trial may by law be in such county as the laws shall have prescribed. In suits at common law, between man and man, the trial by jury, as one of the best securities to the rights of the people, ought to remain inviolate.
    Eighthly. That immediately after article 6th, be inserted, as article 7th, the clauses following, to wit:
    The powers delegated by this constitution, are appropriated to the departments to which they are respectively distributed: so that the legislative department shall never exercise the powers vested in the executive or judicial; nor the executive exercise the powers vested in the legislative or judicial; nor the judicial exercise the powers vested in the legislative or executive departments.
    The powers not delegated by this constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the States respectively.
    Ninthly. That article 7th, be numbered as article 8th.     

justia.com

supreme.justia.com

loc.gov

news.google.com

npr.org

nytimes.com

revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com

  • History of the Bill of Rights. Revolutionary-War-and-Beyond.com. [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-03）. However, the Maryland Archives report that the unknown National Archives copy {pictured above in Wikipedia article} is the Maryland Copy

state.nc.us

ah.dcr.state.nc.us

teachingamericanhistory.org

uchicago.edu

press-pubs.uchicago.edu

usmarshals.gov

web.archive.org

  • Lloyd, Gordon. Introduction to the Constitutional Convention. Teaching American History. [2013-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-16）. 
  • Stewart, David O. The Summer of 1787. Simon and Schuster. 2007-12-10 [2013-09-17]. ASIN B006HUE33W. （原始内容存档于2022-05-05）. 
  • Beeman, Richard. Plain, Honest Men: The Making of the American Constitution. Random House Trade Paperbacks. 2010-02-09 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0812976847. （原始内容存档于2013-07-04）. 
  • Rakove, Jack N. Original Meanings. Vintage. 1997-05-27 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0679781219. （原始内容存档于2012-11-10）. 
  • Labunski, Richard E. James Madison and the struggle for the Bill of Rights. Oxford University Press. 2008-06-20 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0195341423. （原始内容存档于2013-07-03）. 
  • Jefferson's letter to Madison, March 15, 1789. The Founders' Constitution. 1787-03-15 [2013-09-18]. （原始内容存档于五月 16, 2013）. 
  • Hamilton, Alexander; Madison, James; Jay, John. Terence Ball , 编. The Federalist: With Letters of Brutus. Cambridge University Press. 2003-06-23: 436 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0521001212. （原始内容存档于2011-01-01）. 
  • Brutus (1787). To the Citizens of the State of New York. Herbert J. Storing (编). The Complete Anti-Federalist 1. University of Chicago Press. 2007-11-15 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0226775753. （原始内容存档于2011-02-01）. 
  • Hamilton, Alexander. Federalist Papers, #84. On opposition to a Bill of Rights.. The Founders' Constitution. University of Chicago Press. [2013-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2013-01-14）. 
  • Maier, Pauline. Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787–1788. Simon and Schuster. 2010 [2013-09-17]. ASIN B00493ULIK. （原始内容存档于2013-07-05）. 
  • Brookhiser, Richard. James Madison. Basic Books. 2011-09-27 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0465019830. （原始内容存档于2013-07-18）. 
  • Text of Madison's speech, at the James Madison Center. [2009-03-18]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-18）. That there be prefixed to the constitution a declaration That all power is originally vested in, and consequently derived from the people.
    That government is instituted, and ought to be exercised for the benefit of the people; which consists in the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the right of acquiring and using property, and generally of pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety.
    That the people have an indubitable, unalienable, and indefeasible right to reform or change their government, whenever it be found adverse or inadequate to the purposes of its institution.
    Secondly. That in article 2nd. section 2, clause 3, these words be struck out, to wit, "The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one representative, and until such enumeration shall be made." And that in place thereof be inserted these words, to wit, "After the first actual enumeration, there shall be one representative for every thirty thousand, until the number amount to after which the proportion shall be so regulated by congress, that the number shall never be less than nor more than but each state shall after the first enumeration, have at least two representatives; and prior thereto."
    Thirdly. That in article 2nd, section 6, clause 1, there be added to the end of the first sentence, these words, to wit, "But no law varying the compensation last ascertained shall operate before the next ensuing election of representatives."
    Fourthly. That in article 2nd, section 9, between clauses 3 and 4, be inserted these clauses, to wit,The civil rights of none shall be abridged on account of religious belief or worship, nor shall any national religion be established, nor shall the full and equal rights of conscience by in any manner, or on any pretext infringed.
    The people shall not be deprived or abridged of their right to speak, to write, or to publish their sentiments; and the freedom of the press, as one of the great bulwarks of liberty, shall be inviolable.
    The people shall not be restrained from peaceably assembling and consulting for their common good, nor from applying to the legislature by petitions, or remonstrances for redress of their grievances.
    The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; a well armed, and well regulated militia being the best security of a free country: but no person religiously scrupulous of bearing arms, shall be compelled to render military service in person.
    No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor at any time, but in a manner warranted by law.
    No person shall be subject, except in cases of impeachment, to more than one punishment, or one trial for the same office; nor shall be compelled to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; nor be obliged to relinquish his property, where it may be necessary for public use, without a just compensation.
    Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
    The rights of the people to be secured in their persons, their houses, their papers, and their other property from all unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated by warrants issued without probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, or not particularly describing the places to be searched, or the persons or things to be seized.
    In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, to be informed of the cause and nature of the accusation, to be confronted with his accusers, and the witnesses against him; to have a compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
    The exceptions here or elsewhere in the constitution, made in favor of particular rights, shall not be so construed as to diminish the just importance of other rights retained by the people; or as to enlarge the powers delegated by the constitution; but either as actual limitations of such powers, or as inserted merely for greater caution.
    Fifthly. That in article 2nd, section 10, between clauses 1 and 2, be inserted this clause, to wit: No state shall violate the equal rights of conscience, or the freedom of the press, or the trial by jury in criminal cases.
    Sixthly. That article 3rd, section 2, be annexed to the end of clause 2nd, these words to wit: but no appeal to such court shall be allowed where the value in controversy shall not amount to————dollars: nor shall any fact triable by jury, according to the course of common law, be otherwise re—examinable than may consist with the principles of common law.
    That in article 3rd, section 2, the third clause be struck out, and in its place be inserted the classes following, to wit:
    The trial of all crimes (except in cases of impeachments, and cases arising in the land or naval forces, or the militia when on actual service in time of war or public danger) shall be by an impartial jury of freeholders of the vicinage, with the requisite of unanimity for conviction, of the right of challenge, and other accustomed requisites; and in all crimes punishable with loss of life or member, presentment or indictment by a grand jury shall be an essential preliminary, provided that in cases of crimes committed within any county which may be in possession of an enemy, or in which a general insurrection may prevail, the trial may by law be authorized in some other county of the same state, as near as may be to the seat of the offence.
    In cases of crimes committed not within any county, the trial may by law be in such county as the laws shall have prescribed. In suits at common law, between man and man, the trial by jury, as one of the best securities to the rights of the people, ought to remain inviolate.
    Eighthly. That immediately after article 6th, be inserted, as article 7th, the clauses following, to wit:
    The powers delegated by this constitution, are appropriated to the departments to which they are respectively distributed: so that the legislative department shall never exercise the powers vested in the executive or judicial; nor the executive exercise the powers vested in the legislative or judicial; nor the judicial exercise the powers vested in the legislative or executive departments.
    The powers not delegated by this constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the States respectively.
    Ninthly. That article 7th, be numbered as article 8th.     
  • Levy, Leonard W. Origins of the Bill of Rights. Yale University Press. 2001-03-01: 35 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0300089011. （原始内容存档于2013-07-06）. Madison introduced "amendments culled mainly from state constitutions and state ratifying convention proposals, especially Virginia's." 
  • Virginia Declaration of Rights. the Library of Congress. [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-24）. 
  • Lloyd, Gordon Lloyd. Madison's Speech Proposing Amendments to the Constitution: June 8, 1789. 50 Core Documents That Tell America's Story, teachingamericanhistory.org. Ashland, Ohio: Ashbrook Center at Ashland University. [August 9, 2018]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-09）. 
  • Adamson, Barry. Freedom of Religion, the First Amendment, and the Supreme Court: How the Court Flunked History. Pelican Publishing. 2008: 93 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-05）. 
  • Graham, John Remington. Free, Sovereign, and Independent States: The Intended Meaning of the American Constitution. Foreword by Laura Tesh. 2009. Footnote 54, pp. 193-194 [2013-09-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-05）. 
  • Wood, Gordon S. Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815. Oxford University Press. 2009-01-01 [2013-09-17]. ASIN B002YYAKQE. （原始内容存档于2013-07-03）. 
  • Levy, Leonard W. Bill of Rights (United States). Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-21）. 
  • Amar, Akhil Reed. The Bill of Rights: Creation and Reconstruction. Yale University Press. 2000-04-01: 16–17 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-0300082777. （原始内容存档于2012-01-03）. 
  • Bernstein, Richard B. Twenty-Seventh Amendment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2000 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-19）. 
  • Barron v. Mayor & City Council of Baltimore - 32 U.S. 243 (1833). Justia.com. [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-21）. 
  • Levy, Leonard W. BARRON v. CITY OF BALTIMORE 7 Peters 243 (1833). Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2000-01-01 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2015-03-29）. 
  • Deloria, Vine Jr. American Indians and the Constitution. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2000 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-19）. 
  • Bill of Rights Transcript. Archives.gov. [2013-09-17]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-25）. 
  • Cox, Archibald. First Amendment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-21）. 
  • 美國在台協會 - 權利法案 （美國憲法修正案第一至第十條）. [2018-02-19]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-17）. 
  • Weeks, Linton. The Second Amendment: 27 Words, Endless Interpretations. NPR. [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-13）. 
  • Liptak, Adam. Justices Extend Firearm Rights in 5-to-4 Ruling. The New York Times. 2010-06-28 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-20）. 
  • Mahoney, Dennis J. Third Amendment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-06）. 
  • Third Amendment. U*X*L Encyclopedia of U.S. History.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2009-01-01 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-06）. 
  • Exclusionary rule. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-21）. 
  • Fifth Amendment. Gale Encyclopedia of Everyday Law.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2006-01-01 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-21）. 
  • The Sixth Amendment. Constitutional Amendments: From Freedom of Speech to Flag Burning.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2008-01-01 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-21）. 
  • Mahoney, Dennis J. Seventh Amendment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-11-05）. 
  • Bessler, John D. Cruel and Unusual: The American Death Penalty and the Founders' Eighth Amendment. Northeastern. 2012-01-10: 194 [2013-09-17]. ISBN 978-1555537166. （原始内容存档于2013-07-09）. 
  • Krantz, Sheldon. Cruel and Unusual Punishment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-29）. 
  • U*X*L Encyclopedia of U.S. History. UXL Encyclopedia of American History. 2009-01-01 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-21）. 
  • Weisberg, Robert. Capital Punishment. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 1986 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-21）. 
  • Barnett, Randy E. Ninth Amendment (Update). Encyclopedia of the American Constitution.  – 通过HighBeam Research 需付费查阅 . 2000 [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-21）. 
  • Tenth Amendment. Encyclopedia Britannica. [2013-09-19]. （原始内容存档于2013-09-21）. 
  • Frieden, Terry. FBI recovers original copy of Bill of Rights. CNN. 2003-03-19 [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-02）. 
  • Background on the Bill of Rights and the New York Ratification of the Bill of Rights. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. 2007 [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-06-24）. 
  • History - History in Custody: The U.S. Marshals Service Takes Possession of North Carolina's Copy of the Bill of Rights. U.S. Marshals Service. [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-02-19）. 
  • Primary Documents in American History: The Bill of Rights. The Library of Congress. [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-28）. 
  • History of the Bill of Rights. Revolutionary-War-and-Beyond.com. [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-03）. However, the Maryland Archives report that the unknown National Archives copy {pictured above in Wikipedia article} is the Maryland Copy
  • Bill of Rights Returns Home. North Carolina Office of Archives and History. 2005 [2008-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2008-08-15）. 
  • The U.S. Marshals Service Takes Possession of North Carolina's Copy of the Bill of Rights. U.S. Marshals Service. [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-02-19）. 
  • Truman's Remarks in the Rotunda, December 1952. 2006-03-14 [2008-01-13]. （原始内容存档于2008-01-13）. 
  • Mary Lynn Ritzenthaler; Catherine Nicholson. A New Era Begins for the Charters of Freedom.. Prologue. 2006-03-14 [2008-01-02]. （原始内容存档于2008-01-02）. 
  • For Know-It-Alls. The United States Bill of Rights for Know-It-Alls. Filiquarian Publishing, LLC. 2008: 27 [2013-09-20]. ISBN 1599862255. （原始内容存档于2014-07-05）. 
  • Grier, Peter. Bill of Rights Day: what Obama says about it. Christian Science Monitor. 2009-12-15 [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2012-12-09）. 
  • Bill of Rights Tour Opens in Kansas City. The Nevada Daily Mail. 1991-09-18 [2013-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. 

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org