美国的平权行动 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "美国的平权行动" in Chinese language version.

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aamc.org

Table 25: MCAT and GPA Grid for Applicants and Acceptees by Selected Race and Ethnicity, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 (aggregated). aamc.org. Association of American Medical Colleges. [2015-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-27）.

aapfarchive.wordpress.com

13 myths about affirmative action: a special series on a public policy under siege. aapfarchive.wordpress.com. African American Policy Forum via WordPress. 2007-10-18 [2015-10-29]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.

aaup.org

Alger, Jonathan R. Does diversity make a difference: three research studies on diversity in college classrooms (PDF). Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education and American Association of University Professors. 2000: 9–52 [2020-04-08]. OCLC 122269952. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-04-23）.

acm.org

cacm.acm.org

Nelson, Beryl. The Data on Diversity - November 2014 - Communications of the ACM. cacm.acm.org. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-25）.

acri.org

Home page. acri.org. American Civil Rights Institute. [2008-12-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.

aeaweb.org

pubs.aeaweb.org

Fryer, Roland G; Loury, Glenn C. Affirmative Action and Its Mythology. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2005-08, 19 (3): 147–162. ISSN 0895-3309. doi:10.1257/089533005774357888 （英语）.

americanbar.org

Various. Affirmative action: a dialogue on race, gender, equality and law in America. Focus on Law Studies. Spring 1998, XIII (2) [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-02）.

archive.org

Anderson, Terry H. The pursuit of fairness: a history of affirmative action. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. 2004. ISBN 9780195182453. Preview.
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y.; Walling, Joan L. Admission preferences for minority students, athletes, and legacies at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. December 2004, 85 (5): 1422–46. doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00284.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Frum, David, Part V: Rights: Americanism, 100%, Frum, David (编), How we got here: the 70's, the decade that brought you modern life (for better or worse), New York, New York: Basic Books: 273, 2000, ISBN 9780465041954.
Lynch, Frederick R. Invisible victims: white males and the crisis of affirmative action. New York: Greenwood Press. 1989. ISBN 9780313264962.
Eastland, Terry. Ending affirmative action: the case for colorblind justice. New York: Basic Books. 1996. ISBN 9780465013883.
Wolf, Naomi. The decline of the masculine empire, Anita Hill, and the genderquake. Wolf, Naomi (编). Fire with fire: the new female power and how it will change the 21st century. New York: Random House. 1993: 26. ISBN 9780679427186.
Garry, Patrick M. Cultural whiplash: the unforeseen consequences of America's crusade against racial discrimination. Nashville, Tenn: Cumberland House. 2006. ISBN 9781581825695.
Frum, David. How We Got Here: The '70s. New York, New York: Basic Books. 2000: 242–44. ISBN 978-0-465-04195-4.
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y. The opportunity cost of admission preferences at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. June 2005, 86 (2): 293–305. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.392.9148 . doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00303.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

archive.today

Table 25: MCAT and GPA Grid for Applicants and Acceptees by Selected Race and Ethnicity, 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 (aggregated). aamc.org. Association of American Medical Colleges. [2015-03-25]. （原始内容存档于2014-09-27）.

asianam.org

Hall of shame: college admission officers: acceptance rates. asianam.org. Asian American Politics. [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-12-03）.

asianamericancoalition.org

Coalition of Asian-American Associations. Complaint against Harvard University and the President and Fellows of Harvard College for discriminating against Asian-American applicants in the college admission process (PDF). Asian American Coalition. 2015-05-15 [2015-06-13]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2015-06-07）.
Introduction of the Organizing Committee of the Administrative Complaint against Harvard University. asianamericancoalition.org. Asian American Coalition. （原始内容存档于2015-08-10）.

berkeley.edu

law.berkeley.edu

Sander, Richard H. A systemic analysis of affirmative action in American law schools. Stanford Law Review. November 2004, 57 (2): 367–483. JSTOR 40040209. Pdf. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期May 11, 2013，.

bls.gov

存档副本. [2017-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-16）.

books.google.com

Pierce, Jennifer L., Innocence and injury: the politics of cultural memory in print news media, Pierce, Jennifer L. (编), Racing for innocence whiteness: gender, and the backlash against affirmative action, Palo Alto: Stanford University Press: 23–24, 2012, ISBN 9780804783194. Preview.
Sandel, Michael J. Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do?. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2009: 167–83. ISBN 978-0-374-18065-2.

boston.com

Marcus, Jon. Competitive disadvantage. boston.com (Boston Globe Electronic Publishing Inc.). 2011-04-17 [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-10）.

bostonglobe.com

Lorin, Janet. Harvard faces bias complaint from Asian-American groups. The Boston Globe (Boston Globe Media Partners, LLC). 2015-05-15 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-04）.

box.com

utexas.app.box.com

Brief of Empirical Scholars as Amicus Curiae Supporting Respondents in Fisher v. University of Texas (No. 11-345) (pdf). University of Texas. 2012-08-13 [2020-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.

britannica.com

Supporting diversity works: African American male and female employment in six Florida cities. （原始内容存档于2010-07-04）.

brookings.edu

Baker, Dominique J. Why might states ban affirmative action?. Brookings. 2019-04-12 [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-10）（美国英语）.

businessinsider.com

26 of the best, highest-paying companies in America. [2017-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-14）.

cbsnews.com

CBSNews. Clarence Thomas: The Justice Nobody Knows. 60 Minutes (CBS). 2007-09-27 [2010-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-17）.

chinalawedu.com

法律教育网从平权法案看美国民主的进程互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2013-06-29.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Chen, Stephanie. Does your name shape your destiny?. InAmerica (news blog) (CNN). 2010-05-26 [2020-04-06]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.

cornell.edu

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Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)的文本可参见：Justia · Findlaw · LII

csun.edu

sundial.csun.edu

Simon, Melissa. Students debates merit of race requirements in college apps. The Sundial (California State University, Northridge). 2012-04-09 [2012-04-09]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-03）.

csus.edu

Pojman, Louis P. The case against affirmative action. International Journal of Applied Philosophy. 1998, 12 (1): 97–115. doi:10.5840/ijap199812111. Available from California State University Sacramento. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期March 5, 2016，.

dailyprincetonian.com

Erbe, Anastasia. Amid charge of bias, Rapelye stands firm. The Daily Princetonian (Trustees of The Daily Princetonian Publishing Company). 2006-11-30 [2012-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-22）.
Fisch, Mendy. Department of Education expands inquiry into Jian Li bias case. The Daily Princetonian (Trustees of The Daily Princetonian Publishing Company). 2008-09-08 [2012-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2013-05-22）.

dailytexanonline.com

Associated Press. Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin challenges affirmative action in higher education. The Daily Texan (University of Texas). 2012-02-21 [2012-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-21）.

doi.org

Fryer, Roland G; Loury, Glenn C. Affirmative Action and Its Mythology. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2005-08, 19 (3): 147–162. ISSN 0895-3309. doi:10.1257/089533005774357888 （英语）.
Rubenfeld, Jed. Affirmative Action. The Yale Law Journal. 1997-11, 107 (2): 427 [2020-04-11]. doi:10.2307/797261. （原始内容存档于2021-03-07）.
Wise, Tim. Is sisterhood conditional? White women and the rollback of affirmative action. National Women's Studies Association Journal. October 1998, 10 (3): 1–26 [2020-04-06]. doi:10.2979/NWS.1998.10.3.1. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27）.
Herbold, Hilary. Never a level playing field: Blacks and the GI bill. The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Winter 1994–1995, 6 (6): 104–08. JSTOR 2962479. doi:10.2307/2962479.
Brest, Paul; Oshige, Miranda. Affirmative action for whom?. Stanford Law Review. May 1995, 47 (5): 855–900. JSTOR 1229177. doi:10.2307/1229177.
Zhang, Qin. Asian Americans beyond the model minority stereotype: the nerdy and the left out. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication. February 2010, 3 (1): 20–37 [2020-04-08]. doi:10.1080/17513050903428109. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.
Plous, Scott, Ten myths about affirmative action, Plous, Scott (编), Understanding prejudice and discrimination, Boston: McGraw-Hill: 206–12, 2003, ISBN 9780072554434. Available from the Social Psychology Network. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

Originally published as: Plous, Scott. Ten myths about affirmative action. Journal of Social Issues. Winter 1996, 52 (4): 25–31. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.618.4768 . doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1996.tb01846.x.
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y.; Walling, Joan L. Admission preferences for minority students, athletes, and legacies at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. December 2004, 85 (5): 1422–46. doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00284.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Arcidiacono, Peter; Lovenheim, Michael. Affirmative Action and the Quality-Fit Tradeoff. Journal of Economic Literature. March 2016, 54 (1): 30, 31 and 69. doi:10.1257/jel.54.1.3.
Pojman, Louis P. The case against affirmative action. International Journal of Applied Philosophy. 1998, 12 (1): 97–115. doi:10.5840/ijap199812111. Available from California State University Sacramento. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期March 5, 2016，.
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y. The opportunity cost of admission preferences at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. June 2005, 86 (2): 293–305. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.392.9148 . doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00303.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Long, Mark. Affirmative action and its alternatives in public universities: What do we know?. Public Administration Review. 2007, 67 (2): 315–30 [2020-04-08]. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00715.x. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.

eeoc.gov

Best practices of private sector employers. eeoc.gov. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1994 [2015-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-20）.

fairfield.edu

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Zhang, Qin. Asian Americans beyond the model minority stereotype: the nerdy and the left out. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication. February 2010, 3 (1): 20–37 [2020-04-08]. doi:10.1080/17513050903428109. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.

fb.com

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Driving Diversity at Facebook. [2017-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2019-11-06）.

findlaw.com

caselaw.lp.findlaw.com

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)的文本可参见：Justia · Findlaw · LII

google.com

Google diversity. [2017-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-13）.

hk01.com

美國18歲華裔生SAT考近滿分卻遭6家名校拒收　入稟控平權措施不公. 香港01. 2023-06-10 [2023-06-12]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-12）（中文）.

ibtimes.com

Marcin, Tim. Harvard admissions discrimination: coalition accuses university of bias against Asian-Americans. International Business Times (IBT Media). 2015-05-16 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2015-06-07）.

indiana.edu

repository.law.indiana.edu

Bowen, Deirdre M. Brilliant disguise: an empirical analysis of a social experiment banning affirmative action. Indiana Law Journal. Fall 2010, 85 (4): 1197–254 [2020-04-06]. SSRN 1324076 . （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

ilj.law.indiana.edu

Bowen, Deirdre M. Brilliant disguise: an empirical analysis of a social experiment banning affirmative action. Indiana Law Journal. Fall 2010, 85 (4): 1197–254 [2020-04-06]. SSRN 1324076 . （原始内容存档于2021-02-25）. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

insidehighered.com

Jaschik, Scott. Attacking the 'Mismatch' Critique of Affirmative Action. Inside Higher Education. 2008-09-03 [2016-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-13）.

insightintodiversity.com

Borowski, Susan. Affirmative action and reverse discrimination: walking the fine line. Insight into Diversity (Potomac Publishing, Inc.). June 2012 [2015-03-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）.

ituc-csi.org

The global gender pay gap (PDF). （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2011-09-29）.

jstor.org

Leonard, Jonathan S. The Impact of Affirmative Action Regulation and Equal Employment Law on Black Employment. The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1990, 4 (4): 47–63 [2020-04-11]. ISSN 0895-3309. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.
Rubenfeld, Jed. Affirmative Action. The Yale Law Journal. 1997-11, 107 (2): 427 [2020-04-11]. doi:10.2307/797261. （原始内容存档于2021-03-07）.
Herbold, Hilary. Never a level playing field: Blacks and the GI bill. The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Winter 1994–1995, 6 (6): 104–08. JSTOR 2962479. doi:10.2307/2962479.
Brest, Paul; Oshige, Miranda. Affirmative action for whom?. Stanford Law Review. May 1995, 47 (5): 855–900. JSTOR 1229177. doi:10.2307/1229177.
Card, Robert F. Making sense of the diversity-based legal argument for affirmative action. Public Affairs Quarterly. January 2005, 19 (1): 11–24. JSTOR 40441397.
Sander, Richard H. A systemic analysis of affirmative action in American law schools. Stanford Law Review. November 2004, 57 (2): 367–483. JSTOR 40040209. Pdf. 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期May 11, 2013，.
(3 articles)
- Ayres, Ian; Brooks, Richard. Does affirmative action reduce the number of black lawyers?. Stanford Law Review. May 2005, 57 (6): 1807–14. JSTOR 40040234.

justia.com

supreme.justia.com

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)的文本可参见：Justia · Findlaw · LII

kidsdata.org

Births, by Race/Ethnicity. [2017-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-24）.

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For Asian Americans, a changing landscape on college admissions. [2017-04-07]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-01）.

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Denniston, Lyle. Fisher II reaches the court. lyldenlawnews.com. Sound Strategies, Inc. (blog provider). 2015-02-10 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-24）.

Court document: Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin petition for a writ of centiorari. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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Fleming, Macklin; Pollak, Louis. Bell, Daniel; Kristol, Irving , 编. The black quota at Yale Law School. The Public Interest. Spring 1970, (19): 44–52 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-24）.

nationallawjournal.com

Baldas, Tresa. Affirmative action ban draws a challenge. The National Law Journal (Tom Larranaga). 2006-11-16 [2008-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-29）.

nationalreview.com

Verbruggen, Robert. Racial preferences by the numbers. National Review (National Review, Inc.). 2009-11-30 [2015-05-22]. （原始内容存档于2017-01-03）.

ncsl.org

Should affirmative action policies, which give preferential treatment based on minority status, be eliminated?. （原始内容存档于2021-02-18）.
Messerli, Joe. Should affirmative action policies, which give preferential treatment based on minority status, be eliminated?. BalancedPolitics.org. April 2010 [2015-03-03]. （原始内容存档于2019-02-27）.

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NetApp DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION (PDF). [2017-04-08]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-06-14）.

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Affirmative Action. The New York Times. [2020-04-11]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2021-01-16）（美国英语）.
Rimer, Sara; Arenson, Karen W. Top colleges take more Blacks, but which ones?. The New York Times (The New York Times Company). 2004-06-24 [2011-02-22]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-25）.
Green, Erica L.; Apuzzo, Matt; Benner, Katie. Trump Officials Reverse Obama's Policy on Affirmative Action in Schools. The New York Times. 2018-07-03 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-19）.

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Admissions: Undergraduate courses. University of Oxford. [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2007-10-27）.

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Feinberg, Walter. Affirmative Action. The Oxford Handbook of Practical Ethics. 2005-09-15 [2020-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-09）（英语）.

princeton.edu

Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y.; Walling, Joan L. Admission preferences for minority students, athletes, and legacies at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. December 2004, 85 (5): 1422–46. doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.00284.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y. The opportunity cost of admission preferences at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. June 2005, 86 (2): 293–305. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.392.9148 . doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00303.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

proquest.com

search.proquest.com

Long, Mark. Affirmative action and its alternatives in public universities: What do we know?. Public Administration Review. 2007, 67 (2): 315–30 [2020-04-08]. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00715.x. （原始内容存档于2020-11-11）.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Plous, Scott, Ten myths about affirmative action, Plous, Scott (编), Understanding prejudice and discrimination, Boston: McGraw-Hill: 206–12, 2003, ISBN 9780072554434. Available from the Social Psychology Network. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

Originally published as: Plous, Scott. Ten myths about affirmative action. Journal of Social Issues. Winter 1996, 52 (4): 25–31. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.618.4768 . doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1996.tb01846.x.
Espenshade, Thomas J.; Chung, Chang Y. The opportunity cost of admission preferences at elite universities. Social Science Quarterly. June 2005, 86 (2): 293–305. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.392.9148 . doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00303.x. Pdf. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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semanticscholar.org

Arcidiacono, Peter; Lovenheim, Michael. Affirmative Action and the Quality-Fit Tradeoff. Journal of Economic Literature. March 2016, 54 (1): 30, 31 and 69. doi:10.1257/jel.54.1.3.

slate.com

Gottlieb, Bruce. Happy Opposites Day. Slate.com (The Slate Group). 1999-12-10 [2012-11-07]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-29）.
Mak, Aaron. Trump Administration Will Roll Back Obama-Era Guidelines Encouraging Colleges to Consider Race in Admissions Process. Slate. 2018-07-03 [2020-04-08]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-09）.

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Fryer, Roland G; Loury, Glenn C. Affirmative Action and Its Mythology. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2005-08, 19 (3): 147–162. ISSN 0895-3309. doi:10.1257/089533005774357888 （英语）.
Anderson, Terry H., 1946-. The pursuit of fairness : a history of affirmative action. Oxford: Oxford University Press https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57136040. 2004. ISBN 978-0-19-803583-1. OCLC 57136040. 缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)
Leonard, Jonathan S. The Impact of Affirmative Action Regulation and Equal Employment Law on Black Employment. The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 1990, 4 (4): 47–63 [2020-04-11]. ISSN 0895-3309. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）.
Chen, Anthony S. The Fifth Freedom : Jobs, Politics, and Civil Rights in the United States, 1941-1972.. Princeton: Princeton University Press https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/700686861. 2009. ISBN 978-1-4008-3139-5. OCLC 700686861. 缺少或|title=为空 (帮助)
Affirmative Action. The New York Times. [2020-04-11]. ISSN 0362-4331. （原始内容存档于2021-01-16）（美国英语）.
Alger, Jonathan R. Does diversity make a difference: three research studies on diversity in college classrooms (PDF). Washington, D.C.: American Council on Education and American Association of University Professors. 2000: 9–52 [2020-04-08]. OCLC 122269952. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-04-23）.
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