老人与海 (Chinese Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "老人与海" in Chinese language version.
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academia.edu
- Herlihy 2011; Herlihy 2017，第117頁. Herlihy, Jeffrey. In Paris or Paname: Hemingway's Expatriate Nationalism. New York: Rodopi. 2011: 117 [2020-09-21]. ISBN 978-9042034099. Herlihy, Jeffrey. Cuba in Hemingway. The Hemingway Review. 2017, 36 (2): 8–41 [2020-01-06]. S2CID 149158145. doi:10.1353/hem.2017.0001. （原始内容存档于2019-08-17）.
archive.org
- 李继宏譯 2013，第3頁. 歐內斯特·海明威著; 李继宏譯. 《老人与海》
. 天津人民出版社. 2013. ISBN 978-7-201-07772-7 –通过Internet Archive （中文（中国大陆））. - Baker 1962，第1頁; Kosiba 2012. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Kosiba, Sara. Ernest Hemingway. Oxford Bibliographies Online. 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-982725-1. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0022.
- Reynolds 1999，第228–229頁; Baker 1988，第486頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Reynolds 1999，第250–257頁; Baker 1988，第488–489頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第489–490頁; Reynolds 1999，第238頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Reynolds 1999，第238, 249頁; Baker 1988，第490, 492頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Reynolds 1999，第250頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Meyers 1985，第485頁; Reynolds 1999，第258頁; Baker 1988，第504–505頁; Oliver 1988，第247頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Reynolds 1999，第258–259頁; Meyers 1982，第412頁; Meyers 1985，第486–487頁; Schorer 1962，第134頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Meyers, Jeffrey. Hemingway: The Critical Heritage. London: Routledge. 1982. ISBN 978-0-0601-5437-0. Schorer, Mark. With Grace Under Pressure. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 132–134 [1952]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Baker 1988，第505頁; Reynolds 1999，第259頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Meyers 1985，第487–488頁; Reynolds 1999，第259頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Reynolds 1999，第263頁; Baker 1988，第510頁; Meyers 1985，第489頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Oliver 1999，第246頁. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive.
- Williams 1981，第173頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第xxi頁. Williams, Wirt. The Tragic Art of Ernest Hemingway. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. 1981. ISBN 978-0-8071-0884-0 –通过Internet Archive. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Oliver 1999，第247–248頁; Meyers 1985，第489–493頁. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive.
- Oliver 1999，第248頁. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive.
- Stoneback 2014，第170–173頁. Stoneback, H. R. 'You Know The Name Is No Accident': Hemingway and the Matter of Santiago. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry (编). Hemingway, Cuba, and the Cuban Works. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2014: 165–179. ISBN 978-1-6063-5181-9 –通过Internet Archive.
- Stoneback 2014，第173, 176頁. Stoneback, H. R. 'You Know The Name Is No Accident': Hemingway and the Matter of Santiago. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry (编). Hemingway, Cuba, and the Cuban Works. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2014: 165–179. ISBN 978-1-6063-5181-9 –通过Internet Archive.
- Oliver 1999; Meyers 1985，第489頁. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive.
- Backman 1962，第142–143頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Waldmeir 1962，第145–149頁. Waldmeir, Joseph. Confiteor Hominem: Ernest Hemingway's Religion of Man. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Backman 1962，第142頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第69頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Backman 1962，第143頁; Oliver 1999，第57, 247頁; Waldmeir 1962，第144頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive. Waldmeir, Joseph. Confiteor Hominem: Ernest Hemingway's Religion of Man. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Stoneback 2014，第176–177頁. Stoneback, H. R. 'You Know The Name Is No Accident': Hemingway and the Matter of Santiago. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry (编). Hemingway, Cuba, and the Cuban Works. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2014: 165–179. ISBN 978-1-6063-5181-9 –通过Internet Archive.
- Stoneback 2014，第167–168頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第xxvi頁. Stoneback, H. R. 'You Know The Name Is No Accident': Hemingway and the Matter of Santiago. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry (编). Hemingway, Cuba, and the Cuban Works. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2014: 165–179. ISBN 978-1-6063-5181-9 –通过Internet Archive. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
bbc.co.uk
bbc.co.uk
- BBC – The Big Read – Top 200 (150–200). British Broadcasting Corporation. [2023-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2003-11-19）.
news.bbc.co.uk
- Hemingway's 'Old Man' dies in Cuba. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2002-01-14 [2018-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-18） （英语）.
bu.edu
- Macdonald 1960，第593, 596頁. Macdonald, Dwight. Masscult and Midcult: II. Partisan Review. Vol. 27 no. 4. 1960: 589–631 [2023-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-04） –通过Boston University.
- Macdonald 1960，第597–598頁. Macdonald, Dwight. Masscult and Midcult: II. Partisan Review. Vol. 27 no. 4. 1960: 589–631 [2023-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-04） –通过Boston University.
cia.gov
doi.org
- Baker 1962，第1頁; Kosiba 2012. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Kosiba, Sara. Ernest Hemingway. Oxford Bibliographies Online. 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-982725-1. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0022.
- Weeks 1962，第188–192頁. Weeks, Robert. Fakery in The Old Man and the Sea. College English. 1962, XXIV (3): 188–192. JSTOR 373283. doi:10.2307/373283.
- Herlihy 2011; Herlihy 2017，第117頁. Herlihy, Jeffrey. In Paris or Paname: Hemingway's Expatriate Nationalism. New York: Rodopi. 2011: 117 [2020-09-21]. ISBN 978-9042034099. Herlihy, Jeffrey. Cuba in Hemingway. The Hemingway Review. 2017, 36 (2): 8–41 [2020-01-06]. S2CID 149158145. doi:10.1353/hem.2017.0001. （原始内容存档于2019-08-17）.
jstor.org
- Weeks 1962，第188–192頁. Weeks, Robert. Fakery in The Old Man and the Sea. College English. 1962, XXIV (3): 188–192. JSTOR 373283. doi:10.2307/373283.
nobelprize.org
- The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach. [2023-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-09）.
oscars.org
- The 72nd Academy Awards, 2000. Oscars.org. [2023-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-17）.
people.com.cn
- 陳子善. 張愛玲譯《老人與海》. 人民網. 《文匯報》. [2019-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-15） （中文（繁體））.
semanticscholar.org
api.semanticscholar.org
- Herlihy 2011; Herlihy 2017，第117頁. Herlihy, Jeffrey. In Paris or Paname: Hemingway's Expatriate Nationalism. New York: Rodopi. 2011: 117 [2020-09-21]. ISBN 978-9042034099. Herlihy, Jeffrey. Cuba in Hemingway. The Hemingway Review. 2017, 36 (2): 8–41 [2020-01-06]. S2CID 149158145. doi:10.1353/hem.2017.0001. （原始内容存档于2019-08-17）.
theguardian.com
- Flood, Alison. Hemingway's Old Man and the Sea fishing trip letter sold for $28,000. The Guardian. 2018-11-13 [2022-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-29） （英语）.
web.archive.org
- Flood, Alison. Hemingway's Old Man and the Sea fishing trip letter sold for $28,000. The Guardian. 2018-11-13 [2022-09-08]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-29） （英语）.
- The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach. [2023-09-10]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-09）.
- Regime Strategic Intent – Central Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency. （原始内容存档于2007-06-13）.
- BBC – The Big Read – Top 200 (150–200). British Broadcasting Corporation. [2023-09-21]. （原始内容存档于2003-11-19）.
- The 72nd Academy Awards, 2000. Oscars.org. [2023-10-17]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-17）.
- Macdonald 1960，第593, 596頁. Macdonald, Dwight. Masscult and Midcult: II. Partisan Review. Vol. 27 no. 4. 1960: 589–631 [2023-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-04） –通过Boston University.
- Macdonald 1960，第597–598頁. Macdonald, Dwight. Masscult and Midcult: II. Partisan Review. Vol. 27 no. 4. 1960: 589–631 [2023-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-04） –通过Boston University.
- Herlihy 2011; Herlihy 2017，第117頁. Herlihy, Jeffrey. In Paris or Paname: Hemingway's Expatriate Nationalism. New York: Rodopi. 2011: 117 [2020-09-21]. ISBN 978-9042034099. Herlihy, Jeffrey. Cuba in Hemingway. The Hemingway Review. 2017, 36 (2): 8–41 [2020-01-06]. S2CID 149158145. doi:10.1353/hem.2017.0001. （原始内容存档于2019-08-17）.
- 陳子善. 張愛玲譯《老人與海》. 人民網. 《文匯報》. [2019-08-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-05-15） （中文（繁體））.
- 张爱玲：《老人与海》的第一个中译者. 中国网. [2012-02-04]. （原始内容存档于2014-08-17） （中文（中国大陆））.
- Hemingway's 'Old Man' dies in Cuba. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2002-01-14 [2018-04-04]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-18） （英语）.
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
- Baker 1962，第1頁; Kosiba 2012. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Kosiba, Sara. Ernest Hemingway. Oxford Bibliographies Online. 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-982725-1. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0022.
- Reynolds 1999，第228–229頁; Baker 1988，第486頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Reynolds 1999，第250–257頁; Baker 1988，第488–489頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第489頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第264頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第xiv頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Baker 1988，第489頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第xiv頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Baker 1988，第489–490頁; Reynolds 1999，第238頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Reynolds 1999，第238, 249頁; Baker 1988，第490, 492頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第492–493, 499頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Meyers 1985，第485頁; Baker 1988，第499–501頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第501頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第503–504頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Meyers 1985，第485頁; Reynolds 1999，第258頁; Baker 1988，第504–505頁; Oliver 1988，第247頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第505頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第505頁; Reynolds 1999，第259頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive.
- Reynolds 1999，第263頁; Baker 1988，第510頁; Meyers 1985，第489頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Baker 1988，第506頁. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: A Life Story. New York: Macmillan Inc.. 1988 [1969]. ISBN 0-02-0016905.
- Williams 1981，第173頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第xxi頁. Williams, Wirt. The Tragic Art of Ernest Hemingway. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. 1981. ISBN 978-0-8071-0884-0 –通过Internet Archive. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Weeks 1962，第188–192頁. Weeks, Robert. Fakery in The Old Man and the Sea. College English. 1962, XXIV (3): 188–192. JSTOR 373283. doi:10.2307/373283.
- Beegel 1985，第141–142, 146頁. Beegel, Susan. Santiago and the Eternal Feminine: Gendering La Mar in The Old Man and the Sea. Broer, Lawrence; Holland, Gloria (编). Hemingway and Women: Female Critics and the Female Voice. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 1985. ISBN 978-0-8173-1136-0.
- Beegel 1985，第141–146頁. Beegel, Susan. Santiago and the Eternal Feminine: Gendering La Mar in The Old Man and the Sea. Broer, Lawrence; Holland, Gloria (编). Hemingway and Women: Female Critics and the Female Voice. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 1985. ISBN 978-0-8173-1136-0.
worldcat.org
- Baker 1962，第1頁; Kosiba 2012. Baker, Carlos. Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Kosiba, Sara. Ernest Hemingway. Oxford Bibliographies Online. 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-982725-1. doi:10.1093/obo/9780199827251-0022.
- Reynolds 1999，第258–259頁; Meyers 1982，第412頁; Meyers 1985，第486–487頁; Schorer 1962，第134頁. Reynolds, Michael S. Hemingway: The Final Years. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1999. ISBN 978-1-8460-3376-6 –通过Internet Archive. Meyers, Jeffrey. Hemingway: The Critical Heritage. London: Routledge. 1982. ISBN 978-0-0601-5437-0. Schorer, Mark. With Grace Under Pressure. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 132–134 [1952]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Backman 1962，第142–143頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Waldmeir 1962，第145–149頁. Waldmeir, Joseph. Confiteor Hominem: Ernest Hemingway's Religion of Man. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.
- Backman 1962，第142頁; Sylvester, Grimes & Hays 2018，第69頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Sylvester, Bickford; Grimes, Larry; Hays, Peter L. Reading Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea: Glossary and Commentary. Kent: Kent State University Press. 2018. ISBN 978-1-6063-5342-4.
- Backman 1962，第143頁; Oliver 1999，第57, 247頁; Waldmeir 1962，第144頁. Backman, Melvin. Hemingway: The Matador and the Crucified. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962: 135–143 [1955]. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive. Oliver, Charles M. Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. 1999. ISBN 978-0-8160-3934-0 –通过Internet Archive. Waldmeir, Joseph. Confiteor Hominem: Ernest Hemingway's Religion of Man. Baker, Carlos (编). Ernest Hemingway: Critiques of Four Major Novels. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. 1962. OCLC 564729505 –通过Internet Archive.