Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "联邦军" in Chinese language version.
Rioters were mostly Irish Catholic immigrants and their children. They mainly attacked the members of New York's small black population. For a year, Democratic leaders had been telling their Irish-American constituents that the wicked 'Black Republicans' were waging the war to free the slaves who would come north and take away the jobs of Irish workers. The use of black stevedores as scabs in a recent strike by Irish dockworkers made this charge seem plausible. The prospect of being drafted to fight to free the slaves made the Irish even more receptive to demogogic rhetoric.
About 180,000 black soldiers and an estimated 10,000 black sailors fought in the Union Army and Navy, all of them in late 1862 or later, except for some blacks who enrolled in the Navy earlier.
Forty thousand Canadians alone, some of them black, came south to volunteer for the Union cause.
[V]ery few blacks serve in the Confederate armed forces, as compared to hundreds of thousands who serve for the Union.
About 180,000 black soldiers and an estimated 10,000 black sailors fought in the Union Army and Navy, all of them in late 1862 or later, except for some blacks who enrolled in the Navy earlier.
[V]ery few blacks serve in the Confederate armed forces, as compared to hundreds of thousands who serve for the Union.
Forty thousand Canadians alone, some of them black, came south to volunteer for the Union cause.
