西游记 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "西游记" in Chinese language version.

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  • 李伟. 《西游记》的神话谱系:神魔世界的生存逻辑(3). 三联生活周刊. 1970-01-01 [2025-03-09] (中文). 与西方史诗神话的系统性不同,中国神话和神话元素驳杂而散乱,并在民间信仰中广泛渗透,留下了零碎的文字记录。中国神话体系分为上古神话体系、道教佛教经典体系、民间俗神体系、神魔小说体系。其中上古神话体系浪漫而纷乱,只有散乱的一个个小故事。在早期的《山海经》时代,上古神话附着了山川地理的因素,以片段的方式展示了初民的神话观念。但与史诗神话不同的是,神话元素间缺乏情节的构造。其后,儒家影响下,这些神仙、妖怪又散落于各种志怪书和民俗传说中。随着道教的建立、佛教的传入,通过宗教典籍各自生成了自己的神谱。宗教的神谱专业而复杂,又经过了中国文化的改造,吸收了民间信仰,创造了新的神佛体系。而中国民间俗神又过于凌乱,树木花草、百兽鱼虫,圣人英雄皆可成神。作为神魔小说的《西游记》则创造了一个杂糅佛道与民间传说的神魔体系,并在民间产生了巨大的影响。按照研究者杨义的说法:“《西游记》代表了我国神话文化的大器晚成。……这是一部借唐僧取经为由头而写成的史诗式的新《山海经》。但是它在神话文化形态、结构方式和叙事谋略上,已非《山海经》时代所能比拟。”(《〈西游记〉:中国神话文化的大器晚成》)细究下来,《西游记》将本来混乱的妖(怪)、魔、鬼、仙、佛、神等神话概念进行了重新规范。 

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