Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "软件危机" in Chinese language version.
The earliest computing machines had fixed programs and forced the operator to change their physical layout to alter the program. These computers were not so much "programmed" as "designed". "Reprogramming" was a manual process, starting with flow charts and paper notes, followed by detailed engineering designs, and then you had to re-wire, or even re-structure, the whole machine.
The earliest computing machines had fixed programs and forced the operator to change their physical layout to alter the program. These computers were not so much "programmed" as "designed". "Reprogramming" was a manual process, starting with flow charts and paper notes, followed by detailed engineering designs, and then you had to re-wire, or even re-structure, the whole machine.
60年代中期开始爆发了众所周知的软件危机。为了克服这一危机，在1968、1969年连续召开的两次著名的NATO会议上提出了软件工程这一术语，并在以后不断发展、完善。与此同时，软件研究人员也在不断探索新的软件开发方法。
