醫療保險 (Chinese Wikipedia)

Requirement to take out insurance, "Frequently Asked Questions" (FAQ). bag.admin.ch/themen/krankenversicherung/06377/index.html?lang=en. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA. 2012-01-08 [2013-11-21]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-12-03）.
The compulsory health insurance in Switzerland: Your questions, our answers. bag.admin.ch/themen/krankenversicherung/index.html?lang=en. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA. 2012-12-21 [2013-11-21]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-12-14）.

bfs.admin.ch

Bevölkerungsbewegung – Indikatoren: Todesfälle, Sterblichkeit und Lebenserwartung. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2013. 2012 [2013-11-21]. （原始内容存档于2016-08-31）（德语）.

ahrq.gov

hcup-us.ahrq.gov

Torio CM, Andrews RM. National Inpatient Hospital Costs: The Most Expensive Conditions by Payer, 2011. HCUP Statistical Brief #160. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. August 2013. [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

allaboutberlin.com

Private or public? An introduction health insurance in Germany. allaboutberlin.com. [2019-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-06）（美国英语）.

allianz.com

group-economics.allianz.com

Length of hospital stay, Germany 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期12 June 2011.. Group-economics.allianz.com (25 July 2005). Retrieved on 26 October 2011.

amjmed.com

Himmelstein, D. U.; Thorne, D.; Warren, E.; Woolhandler, S. Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study. The American Journal of Medicine. 2009, 122 (8): 741–46. PMID 19501347. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012. See full text （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

aph.gov.au

parlinfoweb.aph.gov.au

Parlininfoweb.aph.gov.au (PDF). aph.gov.au. [2016-02-09]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-12-17）.

archive.org

Leichter, Howard M. A comparative approach to policy analysis: health care policy in four nations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1979: 121. ISBN 978-0-521-22648-6. The Sickness Insurance Law (1883). Eligibility. The Sickness Insurance Law came into effect in December 1884. It provided for compulsory participation by all industrial wage earners (i.e., manual laborers) in factories, ironworks, mines, shipbuilding yards, and similar workplaces.
Hennock, Ernest Peter. The origin of the welfare state in England and Germany, 1850–1914: social policies compared. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2007: 157. ISBN 978-0-521-59212-3.
Wise, David A.; Yashiro, Naohiro. Health Care Issues in the United States and Japan. University of Chicago Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-226-90292-0. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226903248.001.0001.
Himmelstein, D. U.; Thorne, D.; Warren, E.; Woolhandler, S. Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study. The American Journal of Medicine. 2009, 122 (8): 741–46. PMID 19501347. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012. See full text （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

bls.gov

DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH INSURANCE TERMS (PDF). February 2002 [2021-01-25]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-25）.

bma.org.uk

web2.bma.org.uk

BMA policies – search results （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. British Medical Association. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.

bma.org.uk

Survey of the general public's views on NHS system reform in England (PDF). BMA. 2007-06-01. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-02-27）.

books.google.com

Development, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and. Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries. OECD Health Project. 2004 [2007-11-19]. ISBN 978-92-64-00668-3.
Leichter, Howard M. A comparative approach to policy analysis: health care policy in four nations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1979: 121. ISBN 978-0-521-22648-6. The Sickness Insurance Law (1883). Eligibility. The Sickness Insurance Law came into effect in December 1884. It provided for compulsory participation by all industrial wage earners (i.e., manual laborers) in factories, ironworks, mines, shipbuilding yards, and similar workplaces.
Hennock, Ernest Peter. The origin of the welfare state in England and Germany, 1850–1914: social policies compared. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2007: 157. ISBN 978-0-521-59212-3.

bupa.co.uk

BUPA exclusions 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期31 January 2009..
Open Referral schemes explained. BUPA. （原始内容存档于2014-07-14）.

ca.gov

leginfo.legislature.ca.gov

存档副本. [2020-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）.

cdc.gov

Length of hospital stay, U.S （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Cdc.gov. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
Health Insurance Coverage （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC.gov (28 February 2014). Retrieved on 21 December 2014.
Health Care in America: Trends in Utilization （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. National Center for Health Statistics (2003). CDC.gov

census.gov

U.S. Census Bureau, "CPS Health Insurance Definitions" 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期5 May 2010..

cihi.ca

secure.cihi.ca

National Health Expenditure Trends, 1975–2007. Canadian Institute for Health Information. 2007 [2007-11-19]. ISBN 978-1-55465-167-2. （原始内容存档于2008-02-14）.

commonwealthfund.org

Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: An International Update on the Comparative Performance of American Health Care. The Commonwealth Fund. 2007-05-15 [2009-03-07]. （原始内容存档于2009-03-29）.
What Is the Impact on Enrollment and Premiums if the Duration of Short-Term Health Insurance Plans Is Increased? | Commonwealth Fund. commonwealthfund.org. [2019-03-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-07）（英语）.

dguv.de

Statutory Accident Insurance Cover During Foreign Assignments (PDF). Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV). 2013 [2020-11-10]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-14）.

doi.org

Pekerti, Andre; Vuong, Quan-Hoang; Ho, Tung; Vuong, Thu-Trang. Health care payments in Vietnam: patients' quagmire of caring for health versus economic destitution. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017-09-25, 14 (10): 1118. PMC 5664619 . PMID 28946711. doi:10.3390/ijerph14101118.
Hadorn, D. The Chaoulli challenge: getting a grip on waiting lists. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2005-08-02, 173 (3): 271–73. PMC 1180658 . PMID 16076823. doi:10.1503/cmaj.050812.
Bump, Jesse B. The long road to universal health coverage. A century of lessons for development strategy (PDF). Seattle: PATH. 2010-10-19 [2013-03-10]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-18）. Carrin and James have identified 1988—105 years after Bismarck's first sickness fund laws—as the date Germany achieved universal health coverage through this series of extensions to minimum benefit packages and expansions of the enrolled population. Bärnighausen and Sauerborn have quantified this long-term progressive increase in the proportion of the German population covered by public and private insurance. Their graph is reproduced below as Figure 1: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance (%) 1885–1995.
Carrin, Guy; James, Chris. Social health insurance: Key factors affecting the transition towards universal coverage (PDF). International Social Security Review. January 2005, 58 (1): 45–64 [2013-03-10]. doi:10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-01-12）. Initially the health insurance law of 1883 covered blue-collar workers in selected industries, craftspeople and other selected professionals.⁶ It is estimated that this law brought health insurance coverage up from 5 to 10 per cent of the total population.
Bärnighausen, Till; Sauerborn, Rainer. One hundred and eighteen years of the German health insurance system: are there any lessons for middle- and low income countries? (PDF). Social Science & Medicine. May 2002, 54 (10): 1559–87 [2013-03-10]. PMID 12061488. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00137-X. （原始内容存档于2020-05-15）. As Germany has the world's oldest SHI [social health insurance] system, it naturally lends itself to historical analyses.
Busse, Reinhard; Blümel, Miriam; Knieps, Franz; Bärnighausen, Till. Statutory health insurance in Germany: a health system shaped by 135 years of solidarity, self-governance, and competition. The Lancet. August 2017, 390 (10097): 882–897 [2020-04-23]. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 28684025. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31280-1. （原始内容存档于2020-04-06）（英语）.
Ehrich, Jochen; Grote, Ulrike; Gerber-Grote, Andreas; Strassburg, Michael. The Child Health Care System of Germany. The Journal of Pediatrics. October 2016, 177: S71–S86 [2020-04-23]. ISSN 0022-3476. PMID 27666278. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.045. （原始内容存档于2020-05-25）（英语）.
Borger C, Smith S, Truffer C, et al. Health spending projections through 2015: changes on the horizon. Health Aff (Millwood). 2006, 25 (2): w61–73. PMID 16495287. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.25.w61.
Yamauchi, Toyoaki. Healthcare system in Japan. Nursing & Health Sciences. March 1999, 1 (1): 45–48. ISSN 1441-0745. PMID 10894651. doi:10.1046/j.1442-2018.1999.00007.x （英语）.
Luk, Sabrina Ching Yuen. Ageing, Long-term Care Insurance and Healthcare Finance in Asia 1. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in the modern world economy: Routledge. 2020-01-06 [2021-01-25]. ISBN 978-1-315-11568-9. doi:10.4324/9781315115689. （原始内容存档于2022-04-14）（英语）.
Wise, David A.; Yashiro, Naohiro. Health Care Issues in the United States and Japan. University of Chicago Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0-226-90292-0. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226903248.001.0001.
Wisman, Rosann; Heller, John; Clark, Peggy. A blueprint for country-driven development. The Lancet. 2011, 377 (9781): 1902–03. PMID 21641465. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60778-2.
Keith, Karen. The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2020-04-23]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180801.169759/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180801.169759 (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
Reports Find Risk Of Non-ACA-Compliant Plans To Be Higher Than Federal Estimates | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180303.392660/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
New Reports On Potential Negative Impacts Of Short-Term Plans | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180420.803263/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
Himmelstein, D. U.; Thorne, D.; Warren, E.; Woolhandler, S. Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study. The American Journal of Medicine. 2009, 122 (8): 741–46. PMID 19501347. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012. See full text （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

entrepreneur.com

Straz, Matt. "What Employers Need to Know About the Hottest Trends in Health Insurance （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）". Entrepreneur Magazine. 27 April 2015. Web. 2 July 2015.

finanztip.de

GmbH, Finanztip Verbraucherinformation gemeinnützige. Finanztip : Finanztip – Das gemeinnützige Verbraucherportal. finanztip.de. （原始内容存档于2014-06-01）.

findlaw.com

caselaw.lp.findlaw.com

See California Insurance Code Section 106 (defining disability insurance). Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） In 2001, the California Legislature added subdivision (b), which defines "health insurance" as "an individual or group disability insurance policy that provides coverage for hospital, medical, or surgical benefits."

goedkopezorgverzekering2019.nl

Zurch, Deede. Zorgverzekering vergelijken voor de beste en goedkoopste zorgverzekering. goedkopezorgverzekering2019.nl. [2018-09-25]. （原始内容存档于2018-09-26）.

gouv.qc.ca

ramq.gouv.qc.ca

Regie de l'assurance maladie du Quebec. Prescription drug insurance. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Accessed 3 June 2011.

harvard.edu

blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu

Friedman, Rebecca. Short-Term Limited Duration Insurance Can Now Be Less Short-Term. Bill of Health. 2018-10-11 [2019-03-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-17）.

hcsc.com

How Insurance Works. hcsc.com. [2019-11-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.

healthaffairs.org

Keith, Karen. The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2020-04-23]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180801.169759/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180801.169759 (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
Reports Find Risk Of Non-ACA-Compliant Plans To Be Higher Than Federal Estimates | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180303.392660/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.
New Reports On Potential Negative Impacts Of Short-Term Plans | Health Affairs. healthaffairs.org. [2019-03-04]. doi:10.1377/hblog20180420.803263/full/ (不活跃 2019-12-06). （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（英语）.

content.healthaffairs.org

Schoen C et al. (2010). How Health Insurance Design Affects Access To Care And Costs, By Income, In Eleven Countries. Health Affairs. Free full-text （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

healthcare.gov

How Health Insurance Marketplace Plans Set Your Premiums. HealthCare.gov. [2019-10-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-13）（英语）.
Formulary - HealthCare.gov Glossary. HealthCare.gov. [2019-11-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-23）（英语）.
Prior Authorization - HealthCare.gov Glossary. HealthCare.gov. [2019-11-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-24）（英语）.

hm-treasury.gov.uk

HM Treasury. Budget 2007 (PDF): 21. 2007-03-21 [2007-05-11]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2007-09-27）.

howstuffworks.com

health.howstuffworks.com

Howstuffworks: How Health Insurance Works （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

independent.co.uk

NHS wasting £1 billion a year treating patients with private medical insurance. Independent. 2012-11-06 [2014-05-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-02）.

journalrecord.com

Sweeney, Catherine. Doak pushes for short-term health insurance plans. The Journal Record. 2018-09-14 [2019-03-04]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-24）.

jpeds.com

Ehrich, Jochen; Grote, Ulrike; Gerber-Grote, Andreas; Strassburg, Michael. The Child Health Care System of Germany. The Journal of Pediatrics. October 2016, 177: S71–S86 [2020-04-23]. ISSN 0022-3476. PMID 27666278. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.045. （原始内容存档于2020-05-25）（英语）.

kff.org

How Private Insurance Works: A Primer （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Gary Caxton, Institution for Health Care Research and Policy, Georgetown University, on behalf of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
Oct 29, Published. ACA Open Enrollment: For Consumers Considering Short-Term Policies…. The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. 2018-10-29 [2019-03-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）（美国英语）.
"Employer Health Insurance: 2007," 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期October 11, 2007，. Kaiser Family Foundation, September 2007

kit.ac.jp

存档副本 (PDF). [2021-01-25]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-03-03）.

latimes.com

Levey, Noam N. Trump's new insurance rules are panned by nearly every healthcare group that submitted formal comments. latimes.com. [2019-03-04]. （原始内容存档于2021-04-14）.

metlife.ru

ДМС в России - добровольное медицинское страхование - MetLife. MetLife. [2017-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-04-24）（俄语）.

ministerial-leadership.org

Bump, Jesse B. The long road to universal health coverage. A century of lessons for development strategy (PDF). Seattle: PATH. 2010-10-19 [2013-03-10]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-18）. Carrin and James have identified 1988—105 years after Bismarck's first sickness fund laws—as the date Germany achieved universal health coverage through this series of extensions to minimum benefit packages and expansions of the enrolled population. Bärnighausen and Sauerborn have quantified this long-term progressive increase in the proportion of the German population covered by public and private insurance. Their graph is reproduced below as Figure 1: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance (%) 1885–1995.
Carrin, Guy; James, Chris. Social health insurance: Key factors affecting the transition towards universal coverage (PDF). International Social Security Review. January 2005, 58 (1): 45–64 [2013-03-10]. doi:10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-01-12）. Initially the health insurance law of 1883 covered blue-collar workers in selected industries, craftspeople and other selected professionals.⁶ It is estimated that this law brought health insurance coverage up from 5 to 10 per cent of the total population.
Bärnighausen, Till; Sauerborn, Rainer. One hundred and eighteen years of the German health insurance system: are there any lessons for middle- and low income countries? (PDF). Social Science & Medicine. May 2002, 54 (10): 1559–87 [2013-03-10]. PMID 12061488. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00137-X. （原始内容存档于2020-05-15）. As Germany has the world's oldest SHI [social health insurance] system, it naturally lends itself to historical analyses.

msn.com

ca.encarta.msn.com

Encarta: Health Insurance. （原始内容存档于2009-07-17）.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pekerti, Andre; Vuong, Quan-Hoang; Ho, Tung; Vuong, Thu-Trang. Health care payments in Vietnam: patients' quagmire of caring for health versus economic destitution. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017-09-25, 14 (10): 1118. PMC 5664619 . PMID 28946711. doi:10.3390/ijerph14101118.
Hadorn, D. The Chaoulli challenge: getting a grip on waiting lists. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2005-08-02, 173 (3): 271–73. PMC 1180658 . PMID 16076823. doi:10.1503/cmaj.050812.
Bump, Jesse B. The long road to universal health coverage. A century of lessons for development strategy (PDF). Seattle: PATH. 2010-10-19 [2013-03-10]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-18）. Carrin and James have identified 1988—105 years after Bismarck's first sickness fund laws—as the date Germany achieved universal health coverage through this series of extensions to minimum benefit packages and expansions of the enrolled population. Bärnighausen and Sauerborn have quantified this long-term progressive increase in the proportion of the German population covered by public and private insurance. Their graph is reproduced below as Figure 1: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance (%) 1885–1995.
Carrin, Guy; James, Chris. Social health insurance: Key factors affecting the transition towards universal coverage (PDF). International Social Security Review. January 2005, 58 (1): 45–64 [2013-03-10]. doi:10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-01-12）. Initially the health insurance law of 1883 covered blue-collar workers in selected industries, craftspeople and other selected professionals.⁶ It is estimated that this law brought health insurance coverage up from 5 to 10 per cent of the total population.
Bärnighausen, Till; Sauerborn, Rainer. One hundred and eighteen years of the German health insurance system: are there any lessons for middle- and low income countries? (PDF). Social Science & Medicine. May 2002, 54 (10): 1559–87 [2013-03-10]. PMID 12061488. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00137-X. （原始内容存档于2020-05-15）. As Germany has the world's oldest SHI [social health insurance] system, it naturally lends itself to historical analyses.
Busse, Reinhard; Blümel, Miriam; Knieps, Franz; Bärnighausen, Till. Statutory health insurance in Germany: a health system shaped by 135 years of solidarity, self-governance, and competition. The Lancet. August 2017, 390 (10097): 882–897 [2020-04-23]. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 28684025. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31280-1. （原始内容存档于2020-04-06）（英语）.
Ehrich, Jochen; Grote, Ulrike; Gerber-Grote, Andreas; Strassburg, Michael. The Child Health Care System of Germany. The Journal of Pediatrics. October 2016, 177: S71–S86 [2020-04-23]. ISSN 0022-3476. PMID 27666278. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.045. （原始内容存档于2020-05-25）（英语）.
Borger C, Smith S, Truffer C, et al. Health spending projections through 2015: changes on the horizon. Health Aff (Millwood). 2006, 25 (2): w61–73. PMID 16495287. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.25.w61.
Yamauchi, Toyoaki. Healthcare system in Japan. Nursing & Health Sciences. March 1999, 1 (1): 45–48. ISSN 1441-0745. PMID 10894651. doi:10.1046/j.1442-2018.1999.00007.x （英语）.
Wisman, Rosann; Heller, John; Clark, Peggy. A blueprint for country-driven development. The Lancet. 2011, 377 (9781): 1902–03. PMID 21641465. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60778-2.
Internal Revenue Service, Department of the, Treasury.; Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department of, Labor.; Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human, Services. Short-Term, Limited-Duration Insurance. Final rule.. Federal Register. 2018-08-03, 83 (150): 38212–43. PMID 30074743.
Himmelstein, D. U.; Thorne, D.; Warren, E.; Woolhandler, S. Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study. The American Journal of Medicine. 2009, 122 (8): 741–46. PMID 19501347. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012. See full text （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）.

nytimes.com

Schwartz, Nelson D. Swiss health care thrives without public option. The New York Times. 2009-10-01: A1 [2020-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2017-06-30）.

oecd.org

stats.oecd.org

OECD.StatExtracts, Health, Health Expenditure and Financing, Main Indicators, Health Expenditure since 2000. http://stats.oecd.org/. OECD's iLibrary. 2013 [2014-04-23]. （原始内容 (Online Statistics)存档于2013-12-11）.
OECD.StatExtracts, Health, Health Status, Life expectancy, Total population at birth, 2011 (Online Statistics). http://stats.oecd.org/. OECD's iLibrary. 2013 [2014-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-02）.

phio.org.au

PHIO's Annual Reports 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期6 January 2016.. Phio.org.au. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.

privatehealth.gov.au

Australian Health Insurance Information （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. PrivateHealth.gov.au. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
Ombudsman, Private Health Insurance. Medicare Levy Surcharge. privatehealth.gov.au. [2012-06-29]. （原始内容存档于2011-08-22）.

rockefellerfoundation.org

Bump, Jesse B. The long road to universal health coverage. A century of lessons for development strategy (PDF). Seattle: PATH. 2010-10-19 [2013-03-10]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2014-01-18）. Carrin and James have identified 1988—105 years after Bismarck's first sickness fund laws—as the date Germany achieved universal health coverage through this series of extensions to minimum benefit packages and expansions of the enrolled population. Bärnighausen and Sauerborn have quantified this long-term progressive increase in the proportion of the German population covered by public and private insurance. Their graph is reproduced below as Figure 1: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance (%) 1885–1995.
Carrin, Guy; James, Chris. Social health insurance: Key factors affecting the transition towards universal coverage (PDF). International Social Security Review. January 2005, 58 (1): 45–64 [2013-03-10]. doi:10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-01-12）. Initially the health insurance law of 1883 covered blue-collar workers in selected industries, craftspeople and other selected professionals.⁶ It is estimated that this law brought health insurance coverage up from 5 to 10 per cent of the total population.
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