阿契美尼德帝国 (Chinese Wikipedia)

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Persepolis Recreated, NEJ International Pictures; 1st edition (2005) ISBN 978-964-06-4525-3
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Sampson, Gareth C. The Defeat of Rome: Crassus, Carrhae and the Invasion of the East. Pen & Sword Books Limited. 2008: 33. ISBN 978-1-84415-676-4. Cyrus the Great, founder of the First Persian Empire (c. 550–330 BC).
Shapour Shahbazi, Alireza. Daryaee, Touraj , 编. The Oxford handbook of Iranian history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2012: 131. ISBN 978-0-19-973215-9. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199732159.001.0001. Although the Persians and Medes shared domination and others were placed in important positions, the Achaemenids did not—could not—provide a name for their multinational state. Nevertheless, they referred to it as Khshassa, "the Empire".
O'Brien, Patrick. Concise Atlas of World History. Oxford University Press. 2002: 43 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-0-19-521921-0. （原始内容存档于2021-07-22）.
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Culture – National Radio TV of Afghanistan. Baztab News. [2020-05-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-08）（英语）.

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埃克巴坦納—文化部文化資產局

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Ulrich Wilcken. Alexander the Great. W.W. Norton & Company. 1967: 146. ISBN 978-0-393-00381-9.
Margaret Christina Miller. Athens and Persia in the Fifth Century BC: A Study in Cultural Receptivity. Cambridge University Press. 2004: 243. ISBN 978-0-521-60758-2.
Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis; Sarah Stewart. Birth of the Persian Empire. I.B.Tauris. 2005: 7. ISBN 978-1-84511-062-8.
Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Stewart, Sarah. The Sasanian Era. I.B.Tauris. 2010 [2019-12-16]. ISBN 978-0-85773-309-2. （原始内容存档于2021-05-11）.
Jamie Stokes. Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, Volume 1. Infobase Publishing. 2009: 2–3. ISBN 978-0-8160-7158-6. ^{[失效連結]}
Herodotus. Herodotus: the text of Canon Rawlinson's translation, with the notes abridged, Volume 1. C. Scribner's. 1897: 278.
Joseph Roisman, Ian Worthington A Companion to Ancient Macedonia^{[失效連結]}. pp. 342–45. John Wiley & Sons, 2011 ISBN 1-4443-5163-X
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Ramirez-Faria, Carlos. Concise Encyclopedia of World History. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. 2007: 6 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-81-269-0775-5. （原始内容存档于2015-10-30）.
O'Brien, Patrick. Concise Atlas of World History. Oxford University Press. 2002: 43 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-0-19-521921-0. （原始内容存档于2021-07-22）.
Curtis, John E.; Tallis, Nigel. Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia. University of California Press. 2005: 47. ISBN 978-0-520-24731-4.
Facts on File, Incorporated. Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East. Infobase Publishing. 2009: 60 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-1-4381-2676-0. （原始内容存档于2022-04-23）.
Parker, Grant. The Making of Roman India. Cambridge University Press. 2008: 13 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-0-521-85834-2. （原始内容存档于2021-07-22）.
Thapar, Romila. Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300. University of California Press. 2004: 157 [7 October 2012]. ISBN 978-0-520-24225-8. （原始内容存档于2022-05-30）.
Willis Mason West. The ancient world from the earliest times to 800 CE. Allyn and Bacon. 1904: 137. The Athenian support was particularly troubling to Darius since he had come to their aid during their conflict with Sparta
Joseph Roisman, Ian Worthington. "A companion to Ancient Macedonia" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） John Wiley & Sons, 2011. ISBN 1-4443-5163-X pp 135–38, 343–45
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Maurice Whittemore Mather (ed.), Joseph William Hewitt (ed.), Xenophon: Anabasis, Books 1–4. University of Oklahoma Press, 1979, ISBN 978-0-8061-1347-0, p. 44 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Charles Dexter Cleveland. A compendium of classical literature: comprising choice extracts translated from Greek and Roman writers, with biographical sketches. Biddle. 1861: 313.
Abraham Valentine Williams Jackson. Persia past and present. The Macmillan Company. 1906: 278.
Ralph Griffiths; George Edward Griffiths; George Edward Griffiths. The Monthly review. 1816. 1816: 509.
Theodore Ayrault Dodge. Alexander: a history of the origin and growth of the art of war from the earliest times to the battle of Ipsus, B.C. 301, with a detailed account of the campaigns of the great Macedonian. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 1890: 438.
William Smith. A smaller history of Greece: from the earliest times to the Roman conquest. Harper & Brothers. 1887: 196.
Pierre Briant; Amélie Kuhrt; Amélie Kuhrt. Alexander the Great and His Empire: A Short Introduction. Princeton University Press. 2010: 183–85. ISBN 978-0-691-14194-7.
Archibald, Zosia; Davies, John K.; Gabrielsen, Vincent. The Economies of Hellenistic Societies, Third to First Centuries BC. Oxford University Press. 2011: 404 [2021-07-09]. ISBN 978-0-19-958792-6. （原始内容存档于2020-07-24）（英语）.
Palmira Johnson Brummett; Robert R. Edgar; Neil J. Hackett; Robert R. Edgar; Neil J. Hackett. Civilization past & present, Volume 1. Longman. 2003: 38. ISBN 978-0-321-09097-3.
Kaveh Farrokh. Shadows in the desert: ancient Persia at war. Osprey Publishing. 2007: 68. ISBN 978-1-84603-108-3.
Herodotus. The History of Herodotus: a new English version, Volume 3. 由George Rawlinson; Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson; Sir John Gardner Wilkinson翻译. John Murray. 1859: 77 (Chp. 86).
Waldemar Heckel. Who's who in the age of Alexander the Great: prosopography of Alexander's empire. Wiley-Blackwell. 2006: 134. ISBN 978-1-4051-1210-9.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by George Rawlinson. Digireads.Com. 2009: 43–44 [publication date]. ISBN 978-1-4209-3305-5.
Brian Carr; Brian Carr; Indira Mahalingam. Companino Encyclopedia of Asian philosophy. Taylor & Francis. 1997. ISBN 978-0-415-03535-4.
Fisher, William Bayne; Gershevitch, I. The Cambridge History of Iran. Cambridge University Press. 1968: 412 [2019-12-16]. ISBN 978-0-521-20091-2. （原始内容存档于2021-05-12）（英语）.
A. V. Williams Jackson. Zoroastrian Studies: The Iranian Religion and Various Monographs (1928). Kessinger Publishing. 2003: 224. ISBN 978-0-7661-6655-4.
Virginia Schomp. The Ancient Persians. Marshall Cavendish. 2009: 24. ISBN 978-0-7614-4218-9.
Charles Henry Caffin. How to study architecture. Dodd, Mead and Company. 1917: 80.
Edward Lipiński; Karel van Lerberghe; Antoon Schoors; Karel Van Lerberghe; Antoon Schoors. Immigration and emigration within the ancient Near East. Peeters Publishers. 1995: 119. ISBN 978-90-6831-727-5.
Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis; Sarah Stewart. Birth of the Persian Empire. I.B.Tauris. 2005: 7 [2021-07-09]. ISBN 978-1-84511-062-8. （原始内容存档于2022-01-12）.
Hovannisian, Richard G.; Sabagh, Georges; Yāršātir, Iḥsān. The Persian Presence in the Islamic World. Cambridge University Press. 1998-11-19 [2021-07-09]. ISBN 978-0-521-59185-0. （原始内容存档于2022-01-12）（英语）.

britishmuseum.org (Global: 1,505^th place; Chinese: 2,254^th place)

Cyrus Cylinder 23–35 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Cyrus Cylinder 43 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

classicauthors.net (Global: low place; Chinese: low place)

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Plutarch's Lives by Plutarch: Themistocles Themistocles, Part II. 2015-10-01 [2018-03-22]. （原始内容存档于2015-10-01）.

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CNG: Feature Auction CNG 90. KINGS of PERSIS. Vahbarz (Oborzos). 3rd century BC. AR Obol (10mm, 0.50 g, 11h).. www.cngcoins.com. [2019-12-16]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-12）.

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Asia Minor had been brought back into the Persian fold but Darius had vowed to. www.coursehero.com. [2020-05-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-22）（英语）.

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Taagepera, Rein. Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D. Social Science History. 1979, 3 (3/4): 121. JSTOR 1170959. doi:10.2307/1170959.
Taagepera, Rein. Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D. Social Science History. 1979, 3 (3/4): 123. JSTOR 1170959. doi:10.2307/1170959. A superimposition of the maps of Achaemenid and Alexander's empires shows a 90% match, except that Alexander's realm never reached the peak size of the Achaemenid realm.
Shapour Shahbazi, Alireza. Daryaee, Touraj , 编. The Oxford handbook of Iranian history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2012: 131. ISBN 978-0-19-973215-9. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199732159.001.0001. Although the Persians and Medes shared domination and others were placed in important positions, the Achaemenids did not—could not—provide a name for their multinational state. Nevertheless, they referred to it as Khshassa, "the Empire".
Ashrafian, Hutan. Limb gigantism, neurofibromatosis and royal heredity in the Ancient World 2500 years ago: Achaemenids and Parthians. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2011, 64 (4): 557. PMID 20832372. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.025.
Frye, Richard N.; Driver, G. R. Review of G.R. Driver's 'Aramaic Documents of the Fifth Century B.C.'. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 1955, 18 (3/4): 456–61. JSTOR 2718444. doi:10.2307/2718444. p. 457.
Ware, James R.; Kent, Roland G. The Old Persian Cuneiform Inscriptions of Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 1924, 55: 52–61. JSTOR 283007. doi:10.2307/283007. p. 53
Gershevitch, Ilya. Zoroaster's own contribution. Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 1964, 23 (1): 12–38. doi:10.1086/371754. p. 20.

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The words are actually inscribed on the frieze of the James A. Farley Post Office Building in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, New York. The inscription is based on: Herodotus with George Rawlinson, trans., The History of Herodotus (New York, New York: Tandy-Thomas Co., 1909), vol. 4, Book 8, § 98, p. 147. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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Michael Alram, "DARIC" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Encyclopaedia Iranica, 15 December 1994, last updated 17 November 2011
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Maria Brosius, “WOMEN i. In Pre-Islamic Persia”, Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, 2021, available at WOMEN i. In Pre-Islamic Persia (accessed on 26 January 2021). Originally Published: January 1, 2000. Last Updated: March 15, 2010. Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, 1996- https://iranicaonline.org/articles/women-i （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

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Taagepera, Rein. Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D. Social Science History. 1979, 3 (3/4): 121. JSTOR 1170959. doi:10.2307/1170959.
Taagepera, Rein. Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D. Social Science History. 1979, 3 (3/4): 123. JSTOR 1170959. doi:10.2307/1170959. A superimposition of the maps of Achaemenid and Alexander's empires shows a 90% match, except that Alexander's realm never reached the peak size of the Achaemenid realm.
Frye, Richard N.; Driver, G. R. Review of G.R. Driver's 'Aramaic Documents of the Fifth Century B.C.'. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 1955, 18 (3/4): 456–61. JSTOR 2718444. doi:10.2307/2718444. p. 457.
Ware, James R.; Kent, Roland G. The Old Persian Cuneiform Inscriptions of Artaxerxes II and Artaxerxes III. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 1924, 55: 52–61. JSTOR 283007. doi:10.2307/283007. p. 53

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Nabonidus Chronicle II.1–4 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Nabonidus Chronicle III.12–16 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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Ashrafian, Hutan. Limb gigantism, neurofibromatosis and royal heredity in the Ancient World 2500 years ago: Achaemenids and Parthians. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2011, 64 (4): 557. PMID 20832372. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2010.08.025.

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Herodotus, Histories III.29 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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Herodotus, Histories III.36 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Herodotus, Histories III.38 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Herodotus, Histories III.17 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Herodotus, Histories III.19 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Herodotus, Histories III.25 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
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存档副本 (PDF). [2014-03-15]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-04-18）.
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英國與伊朗外交關係中的伊拉克問題（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）—國立政治大學歷史學報
Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. East-West Orientation of Historical Empires. Journal of World-Systems Research. December 2006, 12 (2): 223 [12 September 2016]. ISSN 1076-156X. （原始内容存档于2019-05-20）.
Yarshater (1996, p. 47 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）)
Schmitt, Rüdiger. Achaemenid Dynasty. Encyclopædia Iranica. 21 July 2011 [4 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2015-12-03）.
Archeological Evidence For The Cyrus Cylinder. Evidence-For-The-Bible. [8 July 2021]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-22）.
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