تبريد دوبلر (Arabic Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "تبريد دوبلر" in Arabic language version.

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Hänsch، T. W.؛ Shawlow، A. L. (1975). "Cooling of Gases by Laser Radiation". Optics Communications. ج. 13 ع. 1: 68. Bibcode:1975OptCo..13...68H. DOI:10.1016/0030-4018(75)90159-5.
Wineland، D. J.؛ Drullinger، R. E.؛ Walls، F. L. (1978). "Radiation-Pressure Cooling of Bound Resonant Absorbers". Physical Review Letters. ج. 40 ع. 25: 1639. Bibcode:1978PhRvL..40.1639W. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.1639.

Hänsch، T. W.؛ Shawlow، A. L. (1975). "Cooling of Gases by Laser Radiation". Optics Communications. ج. 13 ع. 1: 68. Bibcode:1975OptCo..13...68H. DOI:10.1016/0030-4018(75)90159-5.
Wineland، D. J.؛ Drullinger، R. E.؛ Walls، F. L. (1978). "Radiation-Pressure Cooling of Bound Resonant Absorbers". Physical Review Letters. ج. 40 ع. 25: 1639. Bibcode:1978PhRvL..40.1639W. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.40.1639.

There are processes, such as تبعثر رايلي and تبعثر رامان، by which atoms and molecules will scatter non-resonant photons; see, e.g., Hecht، E.؛ Zajac، A. (1974). Optics. أديسون-ويسلي ^{[لغات أخرى]}‏. ISBN:978-0-201-02835-5.{{استشهاد بكتاب}}: صيانة الاستشهاد: علامات ترقيم زائدة (link) This type of scattering, however, is normally very weak in comparison to resonant absorption and emission (i.e., fluorescence).