BP: Statistical Review of World Energy 2020. (PDF) 69th edition. BP, 15. Juni 2020, S. 14, abgerufen am 21. Januar 2021: „Oil – Total proved reserves (in billion tonnes (barrels)): Total World: 244.6 (1733.9); Canadian oil sands: 26.4 (162.4); Venezuela: Orinoco Belt: 42,0 (261.8)“
capp.ca
context.capp.ca
Guy DeSantis: Myth: Tar Sands versus Oil Sands: What’s in a name? In: Context: Energy Examined. Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, 7. Juli 2019, abgerufen am 22. Januar 2021: „The resource is technically known as bituminous sands because bitumen, a heavy petroleum product, is mixed with the sand. The resource contains zero tar. Not one bit. It makes sense to describe the resource as oil sands because oil is what is finally derived from the bitumen.“
derstandard.at
John Liggio, Shao-Meng Li, Ralf M. Staebler, Katherine Hayden, Andrea Darlington, Richard L. Mittermeier, Jason O’Brien, Robert McLaren, Mengistu Wolde, Doug Worthy, Felix Vogel: Measured Canadian oil sands CO2 emissions are higher than estimates made using internationally recommended methods. In: Nature Communications, unfccc.int 10, 2019, Artikel-Nr. 1863, doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09714-9; siehe dazu auch: Ölsand in Kanada setzt mehr CO2 frei als bekannt. Der Standard, 24. April 2019
diercke.de
Alberta (Kanada) - Ölsandabbau. Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika (USA), Kanada - Wirtschaft. In: Diercke Weltatlas, Karten & Infos für Erdkunde. Westermann, Braunschweig 2015, ISBN 978-3-14-100800-5, S.214 (diercke.de [abgerufen am 25. April 2017] Abb. 1, Maßstab 1 : 6.000.000).
doi.org
John Liggio, Shao-Meng Li, Katherine Hayden und 22 weitere Autoren: Oil sands operations as a large source of secondary organic aerosols. In: Nature, Band 534, 2016, S. 91–94, doi:10.1038/nature17646
Jan Czarnecki, Boryan Radoev, Laurier L. Schramm, Radomir Slavchev: On the nature of Athabasca Oil Sands. In: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, Band 114–115, 2005, S. 53–60, doi:10.1016/j.cis.2004.09.009
Abarasi Hart: The novel THAI–CAPRI technology and its comparison to other thermal methods for heavy oil recovery and upgrading. In: Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2013 (Artikel im Druck, zurzeit nur online verfügbar, doi:10.1007/s13202-013-0096-4)
Farshid Torabi, Benyamin Yadali Jamaloei, Blair M. Stengler, Drew E. Jackson: The evaluation of CO2-based vapour extraction (VAPEX) process for heavy-oil recovery. In: Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, Band 2, Nr. 2, 2012, S. 93–105, doi:10.1007/s13202-012-0025-y
Joshua Kurek, Jane L. Kirk, Derek C. G. Muir, Xiaowa Wang, Marlene S. Evans, John P. Smol: Legacy of a half century of Athabasca oil sands development recorded by lake ecosystems. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Band 110, Nr. 5, 2013, S. 1761–1766, doi:10.1073/pnas.1217675110
John Liggio, Shao-Meng Li, Ralf M. Staebler, Katherine Hayden, Andrea Darlington, Richard L. Mittermeier, Jason O’Brien, Robert McLaren, Mengistu Wolde, Doug Worthy, Felix Vogel: Measured Canadian oil sands CO2 emissions are higher than estimates made using internationally recommended methods. In: Nature Communications, unfccc.int 10, 2019, Artikel-Nr. 1863, doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09714-9; siehe dazu auch: Ölsand in Kanada setzt mehr CO2 frei als bekannt. Der Standard, 24. April 2019
Michael Toman, Aimee E. Curtright, David S. Ortiz, Joel Darmstadter, Brian Shannon: Unconventional Fossil-Based Fuels: Economic and Environmental Trade-Offs. RAND Corporation, 2008, S. 15 f. (Kapitel Oil Sands and Synthetic Crude Oil; JSTOR:10.7249/tr580ncep.12)
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Titus Kockel: Geologie und deutsche Ölpolitik, 1928 bis 1938 – die frühe Karriere des Erdölgeologen Alfred Theodor Bentz. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Philosophie (Dr. phil.). Fakultät I (Geisteswissenschaften) der Technischen Universität Berlin. Berlin, 2003, S. 44 f., urn:nbn:de:kobv:83-opus-6747
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Oil Sands – A Strategic Resource for Canada, North America and the Global Market. Energy Security and Economic Benefits. Natural Resources Canada, 2013; nrcan.gc.ca (PDF; 2,8 MB)
Qing Chen: Assessing and Improving Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage: Reservoir Heterogeneities, Hydraulic Fractures, and Mobility Control Foams. PhD-Dissertation, Stanford University, Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford CA 2009, S. 11 ff., stanford.edu (PDF; 6,8 MB)
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): Report of the individual review of the annual submission of Canada submitted in 2012 (FCCC/ARR/2012/CAN). UNFCCC, Bonn 2013, S. 3 und 5; unfccc.int (PDF; 550 kB)
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H. Monke: Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Geologie der deutschen Erdölvorkommen. S. 193–205 in: K. Flegel (Hrsg.): Die Entwicklung der deutschen Montanindustrie von 1860–1912. Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt, Berlin 1915; uni-koeln.de (PDF; 1,9 MB)
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C.J. Schenk, T.A. Cook, R.R. Charpentier, R.M. Pollastro, T.R. Klett, M.E. Tennyson, M.A. Kirschbaum, M.E. Brownfield, J.K. Pitman: An estimate of recoverable heavy oil resources of the Orinoco Oil Belt, Venezuela. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2009–3028, U.S. Department of the Interior/U.S. Geological Survey, 2009, 4 S. (online)
Dionys Zink: Erdrutsch in Alberta. In: Coyote, Nr. 27. Jahrgang – 106, Aktionsgruppe Indianer & Menschenrechte e. V., München Sommer 2015, ISSN0939-4362, S. 25–26.
