Active measures (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Active measures" in English language version.

Last modified: 11:48:46, 28 June 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

4131web.archive.org

1^st place

95books.google.com

3^rd place

87worldcat.org

4^th place

51penguin.co.uk

5,247^th place

2,808^th place

42nationalreview.com

2,167^th place

1,187^th place

42cnn.com

36^th place

26^th place

33doi.org

2^nd place

33jstor.org

23^rd place

15^th place

32nytimes.com

7^th place

22cia.gov

133^rd place

275^th place

22senate.gov

707^th place

398^th place

22lib.ru

1,734^th place

2,661^st place

22theguardian.com

16^th place

11^th place

22economist.com

331^st place

272^nd place

21osw.waw.pl

8,361^st place

8,980^th place

22fas.org

730^th place

519^th place

11columbia.edu

554^th place

368^th place

11novayagazeta.ru

1,346^th place

4,201^st place

11kommersant.com

low place

11gla.ac.uk

2,504^th place

1,408^th place

11missilethreat.com

low place

11brookings.edu

1,937^th place

1,225^th place

11mit.edu

476^th place

340^th place

11politico.com

243^rd place

130^th place

11c-span.org

2,939^th place

1,651^st place

11hdl.handle.net

66^th place

34^th place

11semanticscholar.org

15^th place

8^th place

11house.gov

501^st place

234^th place

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Mitrokhin, Vasili; Andrew, Christopher (2000). The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West. Penguin. ISBN 0-14-028487-7. google books. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Smith, Douglas (2012). Former People: The Final Days of the Russian Aristocracy. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-1-4668-2775-2.
Baumann, Dr Robert F. (2015). Russian-Soviet Unconventional Wars in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan [Illustrated Edition]. Pickle Partners Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78289-965-5.
Andrew, Christopher & Mitrokhin, Vasili (1999). The Sword and The Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB. New York: Basic Books. pp. 230–234. ISBN 0-465-00310-9. OCLC 42368608.
Garthoff, Raymond L. (2015). Soviet Leaders and Intelligence: Assessing the American Adversary during the Cold War. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-62616-230-3.

brookings.edu (Global: 1,937^th place; English: 1,225^th place)

Bohlen, Avis; Burns, William; Pifer, Steven; Woodworth, John (2012). The Treaty on Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces: History and Lessons Learned (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2016.

c-span.org (Global: 2,939^th place; English: 1,651^st place)

Nuland, Victoria (20 June 2018). "Senate Intelligence Committee on the policy response to Russian interference in the 2016 elections". C-SPAN. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.

cia.gov (Global: 133^rd place; English: 275^th place)

Soviet Use of Assassination and Kidnapping
Holland, Max (2001). "The Lie that Linked CIA to the Kennedy Assassination". Studies in Intelligence (11). Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018.

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

www3.cnn.com

"Inside the KGB: An interview with retired KGB Maj. Gen. Oleg Kalugin". CNN. 1998. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007.

cnn.com

Kennedy, Bruce (1998). "Opposition to The Bomb: The fear, and occasional political intrigue, behind the ban-the-bomb movements". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008.

columbia.edu (Global: 554^th place; English: 368^th place)

cup.columbia.edu

Bertelsen, Olga, ed. (2021). Russian Active Measures: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow. ibidem Press. ISBN 978-3-83821-529-7. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2021.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Abrams, Steve (2016). "Beyond Propaganda: Soviet Active Measures in Putin's Russia". Connections. 15 (1): 5–31. doi:10.11610/Connections.15.1.01. ISSN 1812-1098. JSTOR 26326426.
Selvage, Douglas (1 October 2019). "Operation 'Denver': The East German Ministry of State Security and the KGB's AIDS Disinformation Campaign, 1985–1986 (Part 1)". Journal of Cold War Studies. 21 (4): 71–123. doi:10.1162/jcws_a_00907. ISSN 1520-3972.
Bastos, Marco; Farkas, Johan (1 April 2019). "'Donald Trump Is My President!': The Internet Research Agency Propaganda Machine". Social Media + Society. 5 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305119865466. hdl:2043/29693. ISSN 2056-3051. S2CID 181681781.

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

"Russian disinformation distorts American and European democracy". The Economist. 22 February 2018. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
"The motherlands calls: Russian propaganda is state-of-the-art again". The Economist. 10 December 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

fas.org (Global: 730^th place; English: 519^th place)

nuke.fas.org

"Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces [INF] Chronology". Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.

fas.org

"Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces [INF] Chronology". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2016.

gla.ac.uk (Global: 2,504^th place; English: 1,408^th place)

theses.gla.ac.uk

Cant, James (May 1998). "The development of the SS-20" (PDF). Glasgow Thesis Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Bastos, Marco; Farkas, Johan (1 April 2019). "'Donald Trump Is My President!': The Internet Research Agency Propaganda Machine". Social Media + Society. 5 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305119865466. hdl:2043/29693. ISSN 2056-3051. S2CID 181681781.

house.gov (Global: 501^st place; English: 234^th place)

intelligence.house.gov

"Exposing Russia's Effort to Sow Discord Online: The Internet Research Agency and Advertisements". Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2021.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Abrams, Steve (2016). "Beyond Propaganda: Soviet Active Measures in Putin's Russia". Connections. 15 (1): 5–31. doi:10.11610/Connections.15.1.01. ISSN 1812-1098. JSTOR 26326426.
Crutzen, Paul J. & Birks, John W. (1982). "The Atmosphere after a Nuclear War: Twilight at Noon". Ambio. 11 (2/3): 114–125. JSTOR 4312777.
Prier, Jarred (2017). "Commanding the Trend: Social Media as Information Warfare". Strategic Studies Quarterly. 11 (4). Air University Press: 50–85. JSTOR 26271634. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.

kommersant.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Allenova, Olga & Novikov, Vladimir (7 September 2006). "Moscow Accused of Backing Georgian Revolt". Kommersant. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.

lib.ru (Global: 1,734^th place; English: 2,661^st place)

Suvorov, Viktor (1984). Inside Soviet Military Intelligence. New York City: Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-615510-9. Archived from the original on 30 August 2005.
Suvorov, Viktor (1987). Spetsnaz: The Inside Story of the Soviet Special Forces. London, UK: Hamish Hamilton Ltd. ISBN 0-241-11961-8. Archived from the original on 10 September 2005.

missilethreat.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"RSD-10 MOD 1/-MOD 2 (SS-20)". Missile Threat. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

thereader.mitpress.mit.edu

Kramer, Mark (26 May 2020). "Lessons From Operation "Denver," the KGB's Massive AIDS Disinformation Campaign". The MIT Press Reader. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.

nationalreview.com (Global: 2,167^th place; English: 1,187^th place)

Pacepa, Ion Mihai (24 August 2006). "Russian Footprints". National Review. Archived from the original on 13 February 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
Pacepa, Ion Mihai (28 November 2006). "The Kremlin's Killing Ways". National Review. Archived from the original on 8 August 2007.

novayagazeta.ru (Global: 1,346^th place; English: 4,201^st place)

2006.novayagazeta.ru

Soldatov, Andrei & Dorogan, Irina (27 March 2006). Наши Спецслужбы – На Территории Бывшего Союза [Our Special Services are at work in the territories of the former Soviet Union]. Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). Archived from the original on 12 February 2007.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

"Enver Pasha Slain By Soviet Force; Turks' War Leader Is Left Dead on the Field After Desperate Fight in Bokhara. Last of the Triumvirate His Colleagues Talaat and Djemal Assassinated by Armenians After Fleeing From Constantinople". The New York Times. 18 August 1922. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
Vinocur, John (26 July 1983). "K.G.B. Officers Try To Infiltrate Antiwar Groups". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.

osw.waw.pl (Global: 8,361^st place; English: 8,980^th place)

Darczewska, Jolanta & Żochowski, Piotr (June 2017). "Active Measures: Russia's key export". Point of View (64). OSW. ISBN 978-83-65827-03-6. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2022.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)

penguin.co.uk (Global: 5,247^th place; English: 2,808^th place)

Mitrokhin, Vasili; Andrew, Christopher (2000). The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West. Penguin. ISBN 0-14-028487-7. google books. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

politico.com (Global: 243^rd place; English: 130^th place)

McKew, Molly K. (18 January 2017). "Russia Is Already Winning". Politico. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2017.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Bastos, Marco; Farkas, Johan (1 April 2019). "'Donald Trump Is My President!': The Internet Research Agency Propaganda Machine". Social Media + Society. 5 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305119865466. hdl:2043/29693. ISSN 2056-3051. S2CID 181681781.

senate.gov (Global: 707^th place; English: 398^th place)

intelligence.senate.gov

Testimony of Alexander, Gen. (ret.) Keith B. (30 March 2017). "Disinformation: A Primer in Russian Active Measures and Influence Campaigns" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
"Hearing Before The Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate: Policy Response To The Russian Interference in the 2016 U.S. Elections" (PDF). U.S. Senate. 20 June 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

McMahon, Barbara (2 December 2006). "Spy expert at centre of storm". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
Grimes, David Robert (14 June 2017). "Russian fake news is not new: Soviet Aids propaganda cost countless lives". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2020.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Darczewska, Jolanta & Żochowski, Piotr (June 2017). "Active Measures: Russia's key export". Point of View (64). OSW. ISBN 978-83-65827-03-6. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2022.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)
Testimony of Alexander, Gen. (ret.) Keith B. (30 March 2017). "Disinformation: A Primer in Russian Active Measures and Influence Campaigns" (PDF). United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
Mitrokhin, Vasili; Andrew, Christopher (2000). The Mitrokhin Archive: The KGB in Europe and the West. Penguin. ISBN 0-14-028487-7. google books. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Bertelsen, Olga, ed. (2021). Russian Active Measures: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow. ibidem Press. ISBN 978-3-83821-529-7. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
"Inside the KGB: An interview with retired KGB Maj. Gen. Oleg Kalugin". CNN. 1998. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007.
Suvorov, Viktor (1984). Inside Soviet Military Intelligence. New York City: Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-615510-9. Archived from the original on 30 August 2005.
Suvorov, Viktor (1987). Spetsnaz: The Inside Story of the Soviet Special Forces. London, UK: Hamish Hamilton Ltd. ISBN 0-241-11961-8. Archived from the original on 10 September 2005.
Pacepa, Ion Mihai (24 August 2006). "Russian Footprints". National Review. Archived from the original on 13 February 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
Soldatov, Andrei & Dorogan, Irina (27 March 2006). Наши Спецслужбы – На Территории Бывшего Союза [Our Special Services are at work in the territories of the former Soviet Union]. Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). Archived from the original on 12 February 2007.
Allenova, Olga & Novikov, Vladimir (7 September 2006). "Moscow Accused of Backing Georgian Revolt". Kommersant. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
Pacepa, Ion Mihai (28 November 2006). "The Kremlin's Killing Ways". National Review. Archived from the original on 8 August 2007.
McMahon, Barbara (2 December 2006). "Spy expert at centre of storm". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
"Enver Pasha Slain By Soviet Force; Turks' War Leader Is Left Dead on the Field After Desperate Fight in Bokhara. Last of the Triumvirate His Colleagues Talaat and Djemal Assassinated by Armenians After Fleeing From Constantinople". The New York Times. 18 August 1922. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
Vinocur, John (26 July 1983). "K.G.B. Officers Try To Infiltrate Antiwar Groups". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
"Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces [INF] Chronology". Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
Kennedy, Bruce (1998). "Opposition to The Bomb: The fear, and occasional political intrigue, behind the ban-the-bomb movements". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 April 2008.
Barlow, Jeffrey G. (14 May 1982). "Moscow and the Peace, Offensive". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on 27 October 2008.
Cant, James (May 1998). "The development of the SS-20" (PDF). Glasgow Thesis Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
"RSD-10 MOD 1/-MOD 2 (SS-20)". Missile Threat. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
"Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces [INF] Chronology". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
Bohlen, Avis; Burns, William; Pifer, Steven; Woodworth, John (2012). The Treaty on Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces: History and Lessons Learned (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 February 2017. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
Grimes, David Robert (14 June 2017). "Russian fake news is not new: Soviet Aids propaganda cost countless lives". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
Holland, Max (2001). "The Lie that Linked CIA to the Kennedy Assassination". Studies in Intelligence (11). Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018.
Kramer, Mark (26 May 2020). "Lessons From Operation "Denver," the KGB's Massive AIDS Disinformation Campaign". The MIT Press Reader. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2021.
"Russian disinformation distorts American and European democracy". The Economist. 22 February 2018. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
"The motherlands calls: Russian propaganda is state-of-the-art again". The Economist. 10 December 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
McKew, Molly K. (18 January 2017). "Russia Is Already Winning". Politico. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2017.
Nuland, Victoria (20 June 2018). "Senate Intelligence Committee on the policy response to Russian interference in the 2016 elections". C-SPAN. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
"Hearing Before The Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate: Policy Response To The Russian Interference in the 2016 U.S. Elections" (PDF). U.S. Senate. 20 June 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
Prier, Jarred (2017). "Commanding the Trend: Social Media as Information Warfare". Strategic Studies Quarterly. 11 (4). Air University Press: 50–85. JSTOR 26271634. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
"Exposing Russia's Effort to Sow Discord Online: The Internet Research Agency and Advertisements". Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2021.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Abrams, Steve (2016). "Beyond Propaganda: Soviet Active Measures in Putin's Russia". Connections. 15 (1): 5–31. doi:10.11610/Connections.15.1.01. ISSN 1812-1098. JSTOR 26326426.
"Enver Pasha Slain By Soviet Force; Turks' War Leader Is Left Dead on the Field After Desperate Fight in Bokhara. Last of the Triumvirate His Colleagues Talaat and Djemal Assassinated by Armenians After Fleeing From Constantinople". The New York Times. 18 August 1922. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
Vinocur, John (26 July 1983). "K.G.B. Officers Try To Infiltrate Antiwar Groups". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
Andrew, Christopher M. (2009). The Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5. London, UK: Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9885-6. OCLC 421785376.
Andrew, Christopher & Mitrokhin, Vasili (1999). The Sword and The Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB. New York: Basic Books. pp. 230–234. ISBN 0-465-00310-9. OCLC 42368608.
Selvage, Douglas (1 October 2019). "Operation 'Denver': The East German Ministry of State Security and the KGB's AIDS Disinformation Campaign, 1985–1986 (Part 1)". Journal of Cold War Studies. 21 (4): 71–123. doi:10.1162/jcws_a_00907. ISSN 1520-3972.
Bastos, Marco; Farkas, Johan (1 April 2019). "'Donald Trump Is My President!': The Internet Research Agency Propaganda Machine". Social Media + Society. 5 (3). doi:10.1177/2056305119865466. hdl:2043/29693. ISSN 2056-3051. S2CID 181681781.

Active measures (English Wikipedia)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

brookings.edu (Global: 1,937th place; English: 1,225th place)

c-span.org (Global: 2,939th place; English: 1,651st place)

cia.gov (Global: 133rd place; English: 275th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36th place; English: 26th place)

www3.cnn.com

cnn.com

columbia.edu (Global: 554th place; English: 368th place)

cup.columbia.edu

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

economist.com (Global: 331st place; English: 272nd place)

fas.org (Global: 730th place; English: 519th place)

nuke.fas.org

fas.org

gla.ac.uk (Global: 2,504th place; English: 1,408th place)

theses.gla.ac.uk

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

house.gov (Global: 501st place; English: 234th place)