Africa (English Wikipedia)

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archive.org

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Lovejoy, Paul E. (2000). Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-521-78430-6.
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Mbiti, John S (1992). Introduction to African religion. East African Publishers. ISBN 9780435940027. When Africans are converted to other religions, they often mix their traditional religion with the one to which they are converted. In this way they are not losing something valuable, but are gaining something from both religious customs
Riggs, Thomas (2006). Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices: Religions and denominations. Thomson Gale. p. 1. ISBN 9780787666125. Although a large proportion of Africans have converted to Islam an Christianity, these two world religions have been assimilated into African culture, and many African Christians and Muslims maintain traditional spiritual beliefs
Edward Lipinski, Itineraria Phoenicia Archived 16 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Peeters Publishers, 2004, p. 200. ISBN 90-429-1344-4
Hallikan, 'Abu-l-'Abbas Sams-al-din 'Ahmad ibn Muhammad Ibn (1842). Kitab Wafayat Ala'yan. Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary Transl. by (Guillaume) B(aro)n Mac-Guckin de Slane. Benjamin Duprat. Archived from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
al-Andalusi, Sa'id (2010). Science in the Medieval World. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0292792319. Archived from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
Upton, Roger D. (1881). Travels in the Arabian Desert: With Special Reference to the Arabian Horse and Its Pedigree. C.K. Paul & Company. Archived from the original on 24 September 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
Isichei, Elizabeth (13 April 1997). A History of African Societies to 1870. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45599-2.
Herrera, Rene J.; Garcia-Bertrand, Ralph (2018). Ancestral DNA, Human Origins, and Migrations. Elsevier Science. pp. 61–. ISBN 978-0-12-804128-4. Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
Goucher, Candice; Walton, Linda (2013). World History: Journeys from Past to Present. Routledge. pp. 2–20. ISBN 978-1-134-72354-6. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
Keenan, Jeremy (2013). The Sahara: Past, Present and Future. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-97001-9. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
Elayi, Josette (2018). Sennacherib, King of Assyria. SBL Press. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-0-88414-318-5.
Njoku, Raphael Chijioke (2013). The History of Somalia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 29–31. ISBN 978-0313378577.
Dalal, Roshen (2011). The Illustrated Timeline of the History of the World. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 131. ISBN 978-1448847976.
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Fanso, Verkijika G. (1989). Cameroon History for Secondary Schools and Colleges. Vol. 1. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-47121-0.
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Okeke-Agulu, Chika (2015). Postcolonial Modernism: Art and Decolonization in Twentieth-Century Nigeria. Duke University Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8223-7630-9. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
Chikowero, Mhoze (2015). African Music, Power, and Being in Colonial Zimbabwe. Indiana University Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0253018090. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
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Oluwole, Victor (12 September 2021). "A comprehensive list of all the English-speaking countries in Africa". Business Insider Africa. Archived from the original on 2 September 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2023.

cambridge.org

Ogot, Bethwell Allan (2009). "Rereading the History and Historiography of Epistemic Domination and Resistance in Africa". African Studies Review. 52 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1353/arw.0.0127.
Odhiambo, E. S. Atieno (2004). "The Usages of the past: African historiographies since independence". African Research and Documentation. 96: 3–61. doi:10.1017/S0305862X00014369. ISSN 0305-862X.
Austin, Gareth (2007). "Reciprocal Comparison and African History: Tackling Conceptual Eurocentrism in the Study of Africa's Economic Past". African Studies Review. 50 (3).
Conrad, David; Fisher, Humphrey (1983). "The Conquest That Never Was: Ghana and the Almoravids, 1076. II. The Local Oral Sources". History in Africa. 10: 53–78. doi:10.2307/3171690. JSTOR 3171690.

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creativecommons.org

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Collier, Paul; Gunning, Jan Willem (1 August 1999). "Why Has Africa Grown Slowly?". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 13 (3): 3–22. doi:10.1257/jep.13.3.3. ISSN 0895-3309.
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