Afro–Latin Americans (English Wikipedia)

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 February 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

census.gov

"Supplementary Tables on Race and Hispanic Origin: 2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171)".
"United States 2020 Census". Archived from the original on 26 August 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
"Puerto Rico: 2020 Census". US Census Bureau. 2020. Archived from the original on 26 August 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
"Supplementary Tables on Race and Hispanic Origin: 2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171)".

data.census.gov

"Puerto Rico". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 24 February 2024.

cepal.org

"Medición de Pueblos Indígenas y Afrodescendientes en el Censo de Población y Vivienda 2017" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. November 2018.

cia.gov

"Haiti — The World Factbook". CIA. 31 January 2024.
"Dominican Republic — The World Factbook". CIA. 31 January 2024.
"Nicaragua — The World Factbook". CIA. 31 January 2024.
"Honduras — The World Factbook". CIA. 31 January 2024.
"Costa Rica". The World Factbook. Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency. 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
"Guatemala — The World Factbook". CIA.
"The World Factbook – Ecuador". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 March 2017.
"Nicaragua". Central Intelligence Agency. 11 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023 – via CIA.gov.
"Dominican Republic". The World Factbook. The US Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 June 2011.
"Haiti: People". CIA World Factbook. Cia.gov. Retrieved 11 March 2008.
"The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
"CIA World Factbook – Panama". Cia.gov. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
"CIA World Factbook – Costa Rica". Cia.gov. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
"CIA World Factbook – El Salvador". Cia.gov. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
"CIA World Factbook – Paraguay". Cia.gov. Retrieved 15 October 2015.

countrystudies.us

"Venezuela – ETHNIC GROUPS". Countrystudies.us. Retrieved 14 October 2015.

cubagob.cu

"Tabla II.3 Población por color de la piel y grupos de edades, según zona de residencia y sexo". www.cubagob.cu. Gobierno de la República de Cuba. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

dane.gov.co

"Grupos étnicos información técnica".
"Poblacion negra, Afrocolombiana, raizal y palenquera" (PDF). dane.gov.co. 6 November 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2023.

dartmouth.edu

journeys.dartmouth.edu

"About Nicaragua | Health and Culture in Nicaragua". journeys.dartmouth.edu. Retrieved 29 August 2021.

diariolibre.com

"Afrodominicanos pugnan por su identidad". 13 June 2007.

doi.org

Homburger, Julian R.; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Nelson, Dominic; Sanchez, Elena; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia; Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.; Acevedo-Vasquez, Eduardo; Miranda, Pedro; Langefeld, Carl D.; Gravel, Simon (4 December 2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Mooney, Jazlyn A.; Huber, Christian D.; Service, Susan; Hoon Sul, Jae; Marsden, Clare D.; Zhang, Zhongyang; Sabatti, Chiara; Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Bedoya, Gabriel (25 October 2018). "Understanding the Hidden Complexity of Latin American Population Isolates". PLOS Genetics. 103 (5): 707–726. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.013. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6218714. PMID 30401458.
Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; Arias, William; Fuentes, Macarena; Pizarro, María; Everardo, Paola; Avila, Francisco de; Gómez-Valdés, Jorge (25 September 2014). "Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals". PLOS Genetics. 10 (9): e1004572. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4177621. PMID 25254375.
Padilla, Lillie; Vana, Rosti (2022). "The "Other" Latinx: The (Non)existent Representation of Afro-Latinx in Spanish Language Textbooks". Journal of Language Identity & Education. 23 (5): 1–15. doi:10.1080/15348458.2021.2014845. S2CID 246049620.
Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gravel, Simon; Zakharia, Fouad; McCauley, Jacob L.; Byrnes, Jake K.; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia A.; Martínez, Ricardo J.; Hedges, Dale J.; Morris, Richard W.; Eng, Celeste; Sandoval, Karla; Acevedo-Acevedo, Suehelay; Norman, Paul J.; Layrisse, Zulay; Parham, Peter; Martínez-Cruzado, Juan Carlos; Burchard, Esteban González; Cuccaro, Michael L.; Martin, Eden R.; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2013). "Reconstructing the Population Genetic History of the Caribbean". PLOS Genetics. 9 (11): e1003925. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003925. PMC 3828151. PMID 24244192.
Homburger, JR.; et al. (4 December 2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". Europe PMC. 11 (12): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Kidd, JM.; et al. (5 October 2012). "Population Genetic Inference from Personal Genome Data: Impact of Ancestry and Admixture on Human Genomic Variation". NIH National Library of Medicine. 91 (4): 660–671. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.025. PMC 3484644. PMID 23040495.
Loveman, Mara; Muniz, Jeronimo O.; Bailey, Stanley R. (2011). "Brazil in black and white? Race categories, the census, and the study of inequality" (PDF). Ethnic and Racial Studies. 35 (8): 1466–1483. doi:10.1080/01419870.2011.607503. S2CID 32438550. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014.
GOULD, ELIGA H. (1 June 2007). "Entangled Histories, Entangled Worlds: The English-Speaking Atlantic as a Spanish Periphery". The American Historical Review. 112 (3): 764–786. doi:10.1086/ahr.112.3.764. ISSN 0002-8762.
Heinz, Tanja; Álvarez-Iglesias, Vanesa; Pardo-Seco, Jacobo; Taboada-Echalar, Patricia; Gómez-Carballa, Alberto; Torres-Balanza, Antonio; Rocabado, Omar; Carracedo, Ángel; Vullo, Carlos; Salas, Antonio (September 2013). "Ancestry analysis reveals a predominant Native American component with moderate European admixture in Bolivians". Forensic Science International: Genetics. 7 (5): 537–542. doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.05.012. PMID 23948324.
Pena, Sérgio D. J.; Di Pietro, Giuliano; Fuchshuber-Moraes, Mateus; Genro, Julia Pasqualini; Hutz, Mara H.; Kehdy, Fernanda de Souza Gomes; Kohlrausch, Fabiana; Magno, Luiz Alexandre Viana; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho; Moraes, Manoel Odorico; Moraes, Maria Elisabete Amaral de; Moraes, Milene Raiol de; Ojopi, Élida B.; Perini, Jamila A.; Racciopi, Clarice; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea Kely Campos; Rios-Santos, Fabrício; Romano-Silva, Marco A.; Sortica, Vinicius A.; Suarez-Kurtz, Guilherme (16 February 2011). "The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected". PLOS ONE. 6 (2): e17063. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...617063P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063. PMC 3040205. PMID 21359226.
Vanegas l, Jairo; Villalón c, Marcelo; Valenzuela y, Carlos (2008). "Consideraciones acerca del uso de la variable etnia/Raza en investigación epidemiológica para la Salud Pública: A propósito de investigaciones en inequidades". Revista Médica de Chile. 136 (5). doi:10.4067/S0034-98872008000500014.
Cruz-Coke, Ricardo (1994). "Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile". Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile. 31 (9). Santiago de Chile: 702–706. doi:10.1136/jmg.31.9.702. PMC 1050080. PMID 7815439.
Homburger, Julian; et al. (2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12). 1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Bonilla, C; Bertoni, B; González, S; Cardoso, H; Brum-Zorrilla, N; Sans, M (2004). "Substantial native American female contribution to the population of Tacuarembó, Uruguay, reveals past episodes of sex-biased gene flow". American Journal of Human Biology. 16 (3): 289–297. doi:10.1002/ajhb.20025. PMID 15101054. S2CID 34341356. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
Marcheco-Teruel, B; Parra, EJ; Fuentes-Smith, E; Salas, A; Buttenschøn, HN; Demontis, D; Torres-Español, M; Marín-Padrón, LC; Gómez-Cabezas, EJ; Alvarez-Iglesias, V; Mosquera-Miguel, A; Martínez-Fuentes, A; Carracedo, A; Børglum, AD; Mors, O (24 July 2014). "Cuba: Exploring the History of Admixture and the Genetic Basis of Pigmentation Using Autosomal and Uniparental Markers". PLOS Genetics. 10 (7): e1004488. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004488. PMC 4109857. PMID 25058410.
Torres-Saillant, Silvio (May 1998). "The Tribulations of Blackness: Stages in Dominican Racial Identity". Latin American Perspectives. 25 (3): 126–46. doi:10.1177/0094582x9802500307. JSTOR 2634170. S2CID 143800188.
Márquez, Alejandra (2018). "México's Nobodies: The Cultural Legacy of the Soldadera and Afro-Mexican Women by Christine B. Arce". Hispanófila. 184 (1): 147–148. doi:10.1353/hsf.2018.0046. ISSN 2165-6185. S2CID 201341916.
Ivory, Annette (1979). "Juan Latino: The Struggle of Blacks, Jews, and Moors in Golden Age Spain". Hispania. 62 (4): 613–618. doi:10.2307/340143. ISSN 0018-2133. Retrieved 17 August 2024.

dx.doi.org

Márquez, Alejandra (2018). "México's Nobodies: The Cultural Legacy of the Soldadera and Afro-Mexican Women by Christine B. Arce". Hispanófila. 184 (1): 147–148. doi:10.1353/hsf.2018.0046. ISSN 2165-6185. S2CID 201341916.

dukeupress.edu

read.dukeupress.edu

"The Miskito Sambus and the transformation of the Miskito empire". Retrieved 18 April 2023.

ecuadorencifras.gob.ec

http://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/cpv/ ^{[dead link‍]}

eldinamo.cl

"Estudio genético en chilenos muestra desconocida herencia africana | El Dínamo". Eldinamo.cl. 19 August 2013. Archived from the original on 6 July 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2013.

encolombia.com

"Afrocolombianos". encolombia.com (in Spanish). 6 April 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2022.

everyculture.com

"Panama". Countries and Their Cultures.

fas.org

Seelke, Clare Ribando (21 November 2008). "CRS Report for Congress: Afro-Latinos in Latin America and Considerations for U.S. Policy" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 15 October 2015.

freerepublic.com

"Road to Sainthood for Cardinal Otunga". www.freerepublic.com. Retrieved 10 June 2018.

globo.com

g1.globo.com

"Censo 2022: Pela 1ª vez, Brasil se declara mais pardo que branco; populações preta e indígena também crescem". 22 December 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Pena, Sérgio D. J.; Di Pietro, Giuliano; Fuchshuber-Moraes, Mateus; Genro, Julia Pasqualini; Hutz, Mara H.; Kehdy, Fernanda de Souza Gomes; Kohlrausch, Fabiana; Magno, Luiz Alexandre Viana; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho; Moraes, Manoel Odorico; Moraes, Maria Elisabete Amaral de; Moraes, Milene Raiol de; Ojopi, Élida B.; Perini, Jamila A.; Racciopi, Clarice; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea Kely Campos; Rios-Santos, Fabrício; Romano-Silva, Marco A.; Sortica, Vinicius A.; Suarez-Kurtz, Guilherme (16 February 2011). "The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected". PLOS ONE. 6 (2): e17063. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...617063P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063. PMC 3040205. PMID 21359226.

historytoday.com

John Geipel, "Brazil's African Legacy", History Today, Vol. 47, Issue 8, August 1997.

ibb.co

"Informe Latinobarómetro 2018". latinobarometro.org. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
Via SPSS output: Image 1, Image 2

ibce.org.bo

"Resultados principales del Censo de Población y Vivienda de 2012-Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Bolivia. p. 50.

ibge.gov.br

"Tabela 1.3.1 – População residente, por cor ou raça, segundo o sexo e os grupos de idade – Brasil – 2010" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
"Censo 2010" (PDF). IGBE.

biblioteca.ibge.gov.br

"Características Étnico-raciais da População" (PDF). biblioteca.ibge.gov.br. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.

ibtimes.com

"Blackout: How Argentina 'Eliminated' Africans From Its History And Conscience". International Business Times. 4 June 2013.

indec.gob.ar

"Censo 2022". INDEC. Retrieved 8 March 2024.

indec.gov.ar

censo2010.indec.gov.ar

"Cuadro P42. Total del país. Población afrodescendiente en viviendas particulares por sexo, según grupo de edad. Año 2010". Censo2010.indec.gov.ar. Archived from the original (XLS) on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
"Cuadro P42. Total del país. Población afrodescendiente en viviendas particulares por sexo, según grupo de edad. Año 2010". Censo2010.indec.gov.ar. Archived from the original (XLS) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2015.
"Cuadro P42. Total del país. Población afrodescendiente en viviendas particulares por sexo, según grupo de edad. Año 2010". Censo2010.indec.gov.ar. Archived from the original (XLS) on 18 April 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2015.

ine.cl

Press, ed. (2020). "Estimación de personas extranjeras residentes habituales en Chile al 31 de diciembre 2019" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE). p. 21. Retrieved 3 August 2020.

ine.gob.ve

"Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. May 2014. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
Censo poblacional de Venezuela 2011

ine.gov.ve

"Resultados Básicos: Censo 2011" [Basic results: Census 2011] (PDF) (in Spanish). National Statistics Institute of Venezuela. 9 August 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 24 January 2016.

inegi.org.mx

"Sociodemographic panorama of Mexico 2020". 25 July 2020.

inei.gob.pe

"Población Afroperuana" (PDF) (in Spanish). 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

infoluque.com.py

Info Zuque. com. Se los llama Kamba Kua Archived 2012-11-05 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish: They are call Kamba Kua)

jstor.org

Torres-Saillant, Silvio (May 1998). "The Tribulations of Blackness: Stages in Dominican Racial Identity". Latin American Perspectives. 25 (3): 126–46. doi:10.1177/0094582x9802500307. JSTOR 2634170. S2CID 143800188.
McDonald, Dedra S. (1998). "Intimacy and Empire: Indian-African Interaction in Spanish Colonial New Mexico, 1500-1800". American Indian Quarterly. 22 (1–2): 134–156. JSTOR 1185114.
Ivory, Annette (1979). "Juan Latino: The Struggle of Blacks, Jews, and Moors in Golden Age Spain". Hispania. 62 (4): 613–618. doi:10.2307/340143. ISSN 0018-2133. Retrieved 17 August 2024.

kacike.org

Juan C. Martínez Cruzado (2002). "The Use of Mitochondrial DNA to Discover Pre-Columbian Migrations to the Caribbean: Results for Puerto Rico and Expectations for the Dominican Republic" (PDF). Journal of Caribbean Amerindian History and Anthropology. ISSN 1562-5028. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 June 2004.

latinobarometro.org

"Informe Latinobarómetro 2018". latinobarometro.org. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
Via SPSS output: Image 1, Image 2

latinola.com

"Forum :: Blonde, Blue-Eyed, Euro-Cute Latinos on Spanish TV". LatinoLA. 24 October 2010. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 14 October 2015.

lr21.com.uy

Comunidad (12 November 2011). "En Uruguay, la mayoría de los 140 mil pobres afrodescendientes son niños y jóvenes" [In Uruguay, the majority of the 140,000 poor of African descent are children and youth] (in Spanish). Lr21.com.uy. Retrieved 24 January 2016.

martinique.org

"Martinique Heritage Trail" (PDF), Martinique.org, June 2010, archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011, retrieved 18 April 2010

miamiherald.com

Robles, Frances (13 June 2007). "Black denial". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 13 June 2011.

minorityrights.org

"Afro-Bolivians". Minority Rights Group. 19 June 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
"Garifuna (Garinagu)". Minority Rights Group. 19 June 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
"Afro-Puerto Ricans". Retrieved 5 February 2024.

newsweek.com

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nicomedessantacruz.com

"Coastal Folklore". Nicomedes Santa Cruz. 4 June 1975. Retrieved 14 October 2015.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Homburger, Julian R.; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Nelson, Dominic; Sanchez, Elena; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia; Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.; Acevedo-Vasquez, Eduardo; Miranda, Pedro; Langefeld, Carl D.; Gravel, Simon (4 December 2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Mooney, Jazlyn A.; Huber, Christian D.; Service, Susan; Hoon Sul, Jae; Marsden, Clare D.; Zhang, Zhongyang; Sabatti, Chiara; Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Bedoya, Gabriel (25 October 2018). "Understanding the Hidden Complexity of Latin American Population Isolates". PLOS Genetics. 103 (5): 707–726. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.013. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6218714. PMID 30401458.
Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; Arias, William; Fuentes, Macarena; Pizarro, María; Everardo, Paola; Avila, Francisco de; Gómez-Valdés, Jorge (25 September 2014). "Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals". PLOS Genetics. 10 (9): e1004572. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4177621. PMID 25254375.
Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gravel, Simon; Zakharia, Fouad; McCauley, Jacob L.; Byrnes, Jake K.; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia A.; Martínez, Ricardo J.; Hedges, Dale J.; Morris, Richard W.; Eng, Celeste; Sandoval, Karla; Acevedo-Acevedo, Suehelay; Norman, Paul J.; Layrisse, Zulay; Parham, Peter; Martínez-Cruzado, Juan Carlos; Burchard, Esteban González; Cuccaro, Michael L.; Martin, Eden R.; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2013). "Reconstructing the Population Genetic History of the Caribbean". PLOS Genetics. 9 (11): e1003925. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003925. PMC 3828151. PMID 24244192.
Homburger, JR.; et al. (4 December 2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". Europe PMC. 11 (12): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Kidd, JM.; et al. (5 October 2012). "Population Genetic Inference from Personal Genome Data: Impact of Ancestry and Admixture on Human Genomic Variation". NIH National Library of Medicine. 91 (4): 660–671. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.08.025. PMC 3484644. PMID 23040495.
Heinz, Tanja; Álvarez-Iglesias, Vanesa; Pardo-Seco, Jacobo; Taboada-Echalar, Patricia; Gómez-Carballa, Alberto; Torres-Balanza, Antonio; Rocabado, Omar; Carracedo, Ángel; Vullo, Carlos; Salas, Antonio (September 2013). "Ancestry analysis reveals a predominant Native American component with moderate European admixture in Bolivians". Forensic Science International: Genetics. 7 (5): 537–542. doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.05.012. PMID 23948324.
Pena, Sérgio D. J.; Di Pietro, Giuliano; Fuchshuber-Moraes, Mateus; Genro, Julia Pasqualini; Hutz, Mara H.; Kehdy, Fernanda de Souza Gomes; Kohlrausch, Fabiana; Magno, Luiz Alexandre Viana; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho; Moraes, Manoel Odorico; Moraes, Maria Elisabete Amaral de; Moraes, Milene Raiol de; Ojopi, Élida B.; Perini, Jamila A.; Racciopi, Clarice; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, Ândrea Kely Campos; Rios-Santos, Fabrício; Romano-Silva, Marco A.; Sortica, Vinicius A.; Suarez-Kurtz, Guilherme (16 February 2011). "The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected". PLOS ONE. 6 (2): e17063. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...617063P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063. PMC 3040205. PMID 21359226.
Cruz-Coke, Ricardo (1994). "Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile". Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile. 31 (9). Santiago de Chile: 702–706. doi:10.1136/jmg.31.9.702. PMC 1050080. PMID 7815439.
Homburger, Julian; et al. (2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12). 1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Bonilla, C; Bertoni, B; González, S; Cardoso, H; Brum-Zorrilla, N; Sans, M (2004). "Substantial native American female contribution to the population of Tacuarembó, Uruguay, reveals past episodes of sex-biased gene flow". American Journal of Human Biology. 16 (3): 289–297. doi:10.1002/ajhb.20025. PMID 15101054. S2CID 34341356. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
Marcheco-Teruel, B; Parra, EJ; Fuentes-Smith, E; Salas, A; Buttenschøn, HN; Demontis, D; Torres-Español, M; Marín-Padrón, LC; Gómez-Cabezas, EJ; Alvarez-Iglesias, V; Mosquera-Miguel, A; Martínez-Fuentes, A; Carracedo, A; Børglum, AD; Mors, O (24 July 2014). "Cuba: Exploring the History of Admixture and the Genetic Basis of Pigmentation Using Autosomal and Uniparental Markers". PLOS Genetics. 10 (7): e1004488. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004488. PMC 4109857. PMID 25058410.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Homburger, Julian R.; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Nelson, Dominic; Sanchez, Elena; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia; Pons-Estel, Bernardo A.; Acevedo-Vasquez, Eduardo; Miranda, Pedro; Langefeld, Carl D.; Gravel, Simon (4 December 2015). "Genomic Insights into the Ancestry and Demographic History of South America". PLOS Genetics. 11 (12): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005602. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4670080. PMID 26636962.
Mooney, Jazlyn A.; Huber, Christian D.; Service, Susan; Hoon Sul, Jae; Marsden, Clare D.; Zhang, Zhongyang; Sabatti, Chiara; Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Bedoya, Gabriel (25 October 2018). "Understanding the Hidden Complexity of Latin American Population Isolates". PLOS Genetics. 103 (5): 707–726. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.013. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6218714. PMID 30401458.
Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; Arias, William; Fuentes, Macarena; Pizarro, María; Everardo, Paola; Avila, Francisco de; Gómez-Valdés, Jorge (25 September 2014). "Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals". PLOS Genetics. 10 (9): e1004572. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 4177621. PMID 25254375.
Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Gravel, Simon; Zakharia, Fouad; McCauley, Jacob L.; Byrnes, Jake K.; Gignoux, Christopher R.; Ortiz-Tello, Patricia A.; Martínez, Ricardo J.; Hedges, Dale J.; Morris, Richard W.; Eng, Celeste; Sandoval, Karla; Acevedo-Acevedo, Suehelay; Norman, Paul J.; Layrisse, Zulay; Parham, Peter; Martínez-Cruzado, Juan Carlos; Burchard, Esteban González; Cuccaro, Michael L.; Martin, Eden R.; Bustamante, Carlos D. (2013). "Reconstructing the Population Genetic History of the Caribbean". PLOS Genetics. 9 (11): e1003925. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003925. PMC 3828151. PMID 24244192.
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