Baldimtsi, Foteini; Chase, Melissa; Fuchsbauer, Georg; Kohlweiss, Markulf (2015), "Anonymous transferable e-cash", in Katz, Jonathan (ed.), 18th IACR International Conference on Practice and Theory in Public-Key Cryptography (PKC 2015), Gaithersburg, MD, USA, March 30 – April 1, 2015, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 9020, Springer, pp. 101–124, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-46447-2_5, In 2008 Canard and Gouget gave the first formal treatment of anonymity properties for transferable e-cash