Aliyah (English Wikipedia)

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bloomberg.com

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Mendel, Yonatan (5 October 2014). The Creation of Israeli Arabic: Security and Politics in Arabic Studies in Israel. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-137-33737-5. Note 28: The exact percentage of Jews in Palestine prior to the rise of Zionism is unknown. However, it probably ranged from 2 to 5 per cent. According to Ottoman records, a total population of 462,465 resided in 1878 in what is today Israel/Palestine. Of this number, 403,795 (87 per cent) were Muslim, 43,659 (10 per cent) were Christian and 15,011 (3 per cent) were Jewish (quoted in Alan Dowty, Israel/Palestine, Cambridge: Polity, 2008, p. 13). See also Mark Tessler, A History of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1994), pp. 43 and 124.
Rosenzweig, Rafael N. (1989). The Economic Consequences of Zionism. E. J. Brill. p. 1. ISBN 978-90-04-09147-4. Zionism, the urge of the Jewish people to return to Palestine, is almost as ancient as the Jewish diaspora itself. Some Talmudic statements ... Almost a millennium later, the poet and philosopher Yehuda Halevi ... In the 19th century ...
The Journal of Jewish Studies. Jewish Chronicle Publications. 1999. p. 317.
David, Abraham (2010-05-24). To Come to the Land: Immigration and Settlement in 16th-Century Eretz-Israel. University of Alabama Press. pp. 15–23. ISBN 978-0-8173-5643-9.
Birnbaum, Marianna D. (2003-01-01). The Long Journey of Gracia Mendes. Central European University Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-963-9241-67-1.
Motta, Giuseppe (2020). "Charity in Time of War. The JOINT Distribution Committee in Russia in the Context of Humanitarian Internationalism". In Aleksandar Rastović; Andrea Carteny; Biljana Vučetić (eds.). War, Peace and Nation-building (1853-1918). Collection of Works/The Institute of History Belgrade 43. Belgrade: The Institute of History Belgrade with Sapienza University of Rome. pp. 269–283 [271]. ISBN 978-86-7743-140-2. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
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Hakohen, Devorah (2003). "Immigration from Poland". Immigrants in Turmoil: Mass Immigration to Israel and Its Repercussions in the 1950s and After. Syracuse University Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-8156-2969-6.
Hacohen, Dvora (2003). "Aliyah to Israel by Country of Origin and Year of Aliyah, 14 May 1948-31 December 1953". Immigrants in Turmoil: Mass Immigration to Israel and Its Repercussions in the 1950s and After. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2969-6. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
Reinharz, Shulamit; Dellapergola, Sergio (2011-12-31). Jewish Intermarriage Around the World - Shulamit Reinharz, Sergio Della Pergola. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-1544-4. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
Dubinets, Elena (5 October 2021). Russian Composers Abroad: How They Left, Stayed, Returned. Indiana University Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-253-05779-2. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
Goldberg, David J. (2011-03-15). The Divided Self: Israel and the Jewish Psyche Today - David J. Goldberg - Google Books. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-84885-674-5. Retrieved 2013-04-29.

brookings.edu

Galily, Lily (September 2020). THE OTHER TRIBE: ISRAEL'S RUSSIANSPEAKING COMMUNITIY AND HOW IT IS CHANGING THE COUNTRY (PDF). The Brookings Institution. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2022.

cambridge.org

Yisraeli, Oded (November 2017). "Jerusalem in Naḥmanides's Religious Thought: The Evolution of the "Prayer over the Ruins of Jerusalem"". AJS Review. 41 (2): 409–453. doi:10.1017/S0364009417000435. ISSN 0364-0094.
Goldish, Matt (2017), Sutcliffe, Adam; Karp, Jonathan (eds.), "Sabbatai Zevi and the Sabbatean Movement", The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 7: The Early Modern World, 1500–1815, The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 7, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 491–521, ISBN 978-0-521-88904-9, retrieved 2025-01-09

cbn.com

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cbs.gov.il

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chabad.org

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daat.ac.il

עליית החסידים ההמונית לא"י [The mass exodus of the faithful to Israel]. ץראב םתושרתשהו א"רגה ידימלת. Daat. 2008-08-02. Archived from the original on 2021-10-23. Retrieved 2021-09-18.

degruyter.com

Zemer, Moshe (1997-11-30), Jacob, Walter; Zemer, Moshe (eds.), "ALIYAH: CONFLICT AND AMBIVALENCE As Reflected in Medieval Responsa", Israel and the Diaspora in Jewish Law: Essays and Responsa, Berghahn Books, pp. 115–148, doi:10.1515/9781800738843-007, ISBN 978-1-80073-884-3, retrieved 2025-01-09

doi.org

Shoham 2013. Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Krauss, Samuel (1926). "L'émigration de 300 Rabbins en Palestine en l'an 1211". Revue des études juives. 82 (163): 333–352. doi:10.3406/rjuiv.1926.5521.
Kanarfogel, Ephraim (1986). "The 'Aliyah of "Three Hundred Rabbis" in 1211: Tosafist Attitudes toward Settling in the Land of Israel". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 76 (3): 191–215. doi:10.2307/1454507. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 1454507.
Ray, Jonathan (2009). "Iberian Jewry between West and East: Jewish Settlement in the Sixteenth-Century Mediterranean". Mediterranean Studies. 18: 44–65. doi:10.2307/41163962. ISSN 1074-164X. JSTOR 41163962.
Zemer, Moshe (1997-11-30), Jacob, Walter; Zemer, Moshe (eds.), "ALIYAH: CONFLICT AND AMBIVALENCE As Reflected in Medieval Responsa", Israel and the Diaspora in Jewish Law: Essays and Responsa, Berghahn Books, pp. 115–148, doi:10.1515/9781800738843-007, ISBN 978-1-80073-884-3, retrieved 2025-01-09
Yisraeli, Oded (November 2017). "Jerusalem in Naḥmanides's Religious Thought: The Evolution of the "Prayer over the Ruins of Jerusalem"". AJS Review. 41 (2): 409–453. doi:10.1017/S0364009417000435. ISSN 0364-0094.
Etkes, Immanuel (2013). "On the Motivation for Hasidic Immigration (Aliyah) to the Land of Israel". Jewish History. 27 (2/4): 337–351. doi:10.1007/s10835-013-9194-6. ISSN 0334-701X. JSTOR 24709800.
Morgenstern, Arie; Linsider, Joel A. (2006-07-01). Hastening Redemption: Messianism and the Resettlement of the Land of Israel. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/0195305787.003.0003. ISBN 978-0-19-530578-4.
Lewis, Bernard (1965). Davison, Roderick H. (ed.). "The Ottoman Empire in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: A Review". Middle Eastern Studies. 1 (3): 283–295. doi:10.1080/00263206508700018. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282119.
Shoham 2013, p. 35-37: "The term Aliya as defining historical periods appeared only when talking about Jewish history on the long-durée, when looking back to thousands of years. In 1914, the Zionist activist Shemaryahu Levin [wrote]: “Now at the time of the Third Aliya we can witness the fulfillment of the vision of the Second Aliya, in the days of Nehemiah.” Levin based this remark on a contemporaneous historiographical convention, according to which Jewish history knew two main aliyot to the Land of Israel in biblical times: “the First Aliya” took place in the time of biblical Zerubavel, after Cyrus’ declaration, while “the Second Aliya” took place in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah, about 80 years later… Levin’s periodization was not circulated in public, including among practical Zionists. It achieved dominance only after the WW I, in a way different from both Levin’s intention and counting...Along with analogies of the Balfour Declaration to Cyrus, 2,500 years earlier, many leaders began to write and talk about the forthcoming immigration as “the Third Aliya”, which would continue the previous two, those that departed from Babylonia to establish the second temple. About two months after the Balfour Declaration, Isaac Nissenbaum from the Mizrachi (Zionist-religious) movement published an optimis- tic article in which he anticipated a Hebrew majority in Palestine soon." Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Shoham 2013, p. 42: "The first text in which the periodization as we know it today may be found was an article surveying historical immigrations to and from Palestine, written by the widely recognized writer Y.H. Brenner, and published in October 1919…" Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Hizky Shoham (2012). "From "Great History" to "Small History": The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1): 31–55. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. S2CID 144978084.
Gasparini, Amedeo (24 May 2023). ""Our most important export commodities": independence, money, and ethnic purity in the Jewry policy during the Ceaușescu years". Journal of Modern Jewish Studies. 23 (2): 267–275. doi:10.1080/14725886.2023.2212283. ISSN 1472-5886. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
Petrescu, Dragoq (2008). "The Ransom of the Jews: The Story of the Extraordinary Secret Bargain Between Romania and Israel (review)". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (1): 127–128. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.1.127. ISSN 1531-3298. Retrieved 15 January 2024.

forward.com

"Move On Up". The Forward. Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
Beckerman, Gal (11 February 2005). "The Cold War's Strangest Bedfellows How Romania Sold Its Jews to Israel, and What It Got in Return". The Forward. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
"Immigration to Israel Rises by 7% — Led by French". Forward. December 29, 2013. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
"2014 Sees Sharp Rise in French Immigration to Israel". The Forward Association, Inc. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
"74% of French Jews Consider Leaving Country". Forward. 19 May 2014. Archived from the original on 22 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2014.

ghostarchive.org

Raziye Akkoc, and Henry Samuel (26 June 2015). "Grenoble attack: Man found beheaded and Islamist flag raised above factory in France - latest". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 28 June 2015.

haaretz.com

Ilani, Ofri (2008-01-06). "The Messiah brought the first immigrants". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2012-05-27. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
Lori, Aviva (March 3, 2013). "Tribute to an Aliyah Like No Other". Haaretz. Archived from the original on February 3, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.
Levy, Tracy (10 September 2009). "After 20 years, why has Russian immigration to Israel stagnated?". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 22 August 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
"Why Members of the 'Putin Aliyah' Are Abandoning Israel". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
Mozgovaya, Natasha; Papirblat, Shlomo (20 November 2010). "In Venezuela, remarks like 'Hitler didn't finish the job' are routine". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
Shitbon, Shirli (14 November 2015). "For French Jews, a New Reality: Under Attack for Being French, Not Jewish". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 16 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
Daphna Berman (January 23, 2008). "Need an appointment at the U.S. Embassy? Get on line!". Haaretz. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved December 11, 2012. According to estimates, some 200,000 American citizens live in Israel and the Palestinian territories.
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Schwartzapfel, Beth (2 March 2010). "Not just Zionism: Lousy economy pushes more U.S. Jews to move to Israel". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
Bassok, Moti (21 February 2007). "Aliyah sees 9% dip from 2005". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2012.
Klein, Steven (2016-06-24). "Rank and File: Aliyah Day Becomes Official Holiday". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2018-09-16. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
"Five-fold Increase in Immigration to Israel From Russia, Ukraine in 2022". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 2023-02-01. Retrieved 6 July 2023.

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focus-migration.hwwi.de

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ibtimes.co.in

"French Jews head to Israel in the wake of Paris terror attacks". IB Business Times. 17 November 2015. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.

israelnationalnews.com

"Aliyah Figures at Highest in a Decade; France Leads the Way". Arutz Sheva. December 31, 2014. Archived from the original on 1 June 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
Yaakov Levi (30 March 2014). "312% Rise in French Aliyah in First Months of 2014". Archived from the original on 4 April 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
Moshe Cohen (2014-06-22). "Jewish Agency: 'Dramatic' Rise in French, Ukraine Aliyah". Arutz Sheva. Archived from the original on 2014-07-02. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
Ronen, Gil (22 September 2014). "Ahead of New Year, Aliyah Hits 5-Year High". Israel National News. Archived from the original on 23 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
Cohen, Shimon (16 November 2015). "80% of French Jews considering aliyah". Arutz Sheva. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
"Knesset Proposes Aliyah Holiday Bill". Israel National News. 24 March 2014. Archived from the original on 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2017-04-23.

jafi.org.il

"'Aliyah': The Word and Its Meaning". 2005-05-15. Archived from the original on 2009-12-19. Retrieved 2013-04-29.

jewishaction.com

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jewishagency.org

archive.jewishagency.org

"The Mass Migration of the 1950s". The Jewish Agency. April 27, 2015. Archived from the original on February 6, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.
During 2018, 30,124 people made Aliyah, 2% more than during 2017. Not including Ethiopian immigrants, 30,087 Olim arrived, as compared to 28,192 in 2017, an increase of 7%. Archived 2019-12-12 at the Wayback Machine at jewishagency.org
"The Jewish Agency Summarizes a Decade of Aliyah | The Jewish Agency". archive.jewishagency.org. 22 December 2019. Archived from the original on 27 June 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.

jewishagency.org

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jewishdatabank.org

DellaPergola, Sergio (2014). Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira (eds.). "World Jewish Population, 2014". Current Jewish Population Reports. 11. The American Jewish Year Book (Dordrecht: Springer): 5–9, 16–17. Archived from the original on December 25, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2016. Israel's Jewish population (not including about 348,000 persons not recorded as Jews in the Population Register and belonging to families initially admitted to the country within the framework of the Law of Return) surpassed six million in 2014 (42.9% of world Jewry).

jewishpress.com

"There was an 18% Increase in Aliyah in 2019". TPS / Tazpit News. 9 August 2020. Archived from the original on 21 March 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2022.

jhu.edu

muse.jhu.edu

Petrescu, Dragoq (2008). "The Ransom of the Jews: The Story of the Extraordinary Secret Bargain Between Romania and Israel (review)". Journal of Cold War Studies. 10 (1): 127–128. doi:10.1162/jcws.2008.10.1.127. ISSN 1531-3298. Retrieved 15 January 2024.

jns.org

Josh Hasten (April 7, 2014). "French anti-Semitism and French aliyah skyrocket on parallel tracks". Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
"Yom HaAliyah: They made a day for us!". JNS.org. Archived from the original on 2017-07-16. Retrieved 2017-04-23.
Bybelezer, Charles (22 December 2022). "70,000 people from 95 countries make aliyah in 2022". JNS.org. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.

jpost.com

"Over 25,000 olim in 'Immigrants Come Home' operation arrived in Israel". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 13 June 2022. Archived from the original on 22 July 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
Shefler, Gil (1 September 2010). "Jewish community in Venezuela shrinks by half". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 4 September 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
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24,800 new immigrants arrive in Israel in 5774 Archived 2014-09-22 at the Wayback Machine - Retrieved 22 September 2014
Bassist, Rina (17 November 2015). "Steady increase in number of French Jews making aliya". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
From Kaifeng to kibbutzim Archived 2013-05-06 at the Wayback Machine. The Jerusalem Post
"Bill seeks to establish national Aliya Day". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 18 March 2014. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
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jr.co.il

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jstor.org

On, Raphael R. Bar (1969). "Israel's Next Census of Population as a Source of Data on Jews". Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות. ה: 31–41. JSTOR 23524099. p. 31: The estimated 24,000 Jews in Palestine in 1882 represented just 0.3% of the world's Jewish population [paraphrase].
Alroey 2015, p. 110: "The sweeping and uncritical use of the two terms, 'aliyah' and 'immigration' is one of the major factors in the emergence of the divergent treatment of similar data. In the Zionist ethos, aliyah has nothing in common with the migration of other peoples. Zionist historiography takes it as axiomatic that the Jews who came to the country as part of the pioneering early waves were 'olim' and not simply 'immigrants'. The latent ideological charge of the term 'aliyah' is so deeply rooted in the Hebrew language that it is almost impossible to distinguish between Jews who 'merely' immigrated to Palestine and those who made aliyah to the Land of Israel. Jewish social scientists of the early twentieth century were the first to distinguish aliyah from general Jewish migration. The use of 'aliyah' as a typological phenomenon came into vogue with the publication of Arthur Ruppin's Soziologie der Juden in 1930 (English: The Jews in the Modern World, 1934) ... in the eighth chapter, which looks at migration, Ruppin seems to have found it difficult to free himself of the Zionist terminology that was dominant in that period. [Ruppin wrote that whereas] Jewish immigration to the United States was propelled by economic hardship and pogroms, the olim (not immigrants) came to Palestine with the support of the Hoveve Tsiyon, with whom they felt a high degree of ideological conformity." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Alroey 2015, pp. 115–116. Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Shoham 2013. Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Kanarfogel, Ephraim (1986). "The 'Aliyah of "Three Hundred Rabbis" in 1211: Tosafist Attitudes toward Settling in the Land of Israel". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 76 (3): 191–215. doi:10.2307/1454507. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 1454507.
Lehmann, Matthias B. (2008). "Rethinking Sephardi Identity: Jews and Other Jews in Ottoman Palestine". Jewish Social Studies. 15 (1): 81–109. ISSN 0021-6704. JSTOR 40207035.
Ray, Jonathan (2009). "Iberian Jewry between West and East: Jewish Settlement in the Sixteenth-Century Mediterranean". Mediterranean Studies. 18: 44–65. doi:10.2307/41163962. ISSN 1074-164X. JSTOR 41163962.
Katz-Oz, Avraham (2017). "Agricultural Settlement: Up to the Present and into the Future". Jewish Political Studies Review. 28 (3/4): 60–65. ISSN 0792-335X. JSTOR 26416731.
Etkes, Immanuel (2013). "On the Motivation for Hasidic Immigration (Aliyah) to the Land of Israel". Jewish History. 27 (2/4): 337–351. doi:10.1007/s10835-013-9194-6. ISSN 0334-701X. JSTOR 24709800.
Salmon 1978. Salmon, Yosef (December 1978). "Ideology and Reality in the Bilu Aliyah". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 2 (4). [President and Fellows of Harvard College, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute]: 430–466. ISSN 0363-5570. JSTOR 41035804.
Lewis, Bernard (1965). Davison, Roderick H. (ed.). "The Ottoman Empire in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: A Review". Middle Eastern Studies. 1 (3): 283–295. doi:10.1080/00263206508700018. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282119.
Shoham 2013, p. 35-37: "The term Aliya as defining historical periods appeared only when talking about Jewish history on the long-durée, when looking back to thousands of years. In 1914, the Zionist activist Shemaryahu Levin [wrote]: “Now at the time of the Third Aliya we can witness the fulfillment of the vision of the Second Aliya, in the days of Nehemiah.” Levin based this remark on a contemporaneous historiographical convention, according to which Jewish history knew two main aliyot to the Land of Israel in biblical times: “the First Aliya” took place in the time of biblical Zerubavel, after Cyrus’ declaration, while “the Second Aliya” took place in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah, about 80 years later… Levin’s periodization was not circulated in public, including among practical Zionists. It achieved dominance only after the WW I, in a way different from both Levin’s intention and counting...Along with analogies of the Balfour Declaration to Cyrus, 2,500 years earlier, many leaders began to write and talk about the forthcoming immigration as “the Third Aliya”, which would continue the previous two, those that departed from Babylonia to establish the second temple. About two months after the Balfour Declaration, Isaac Nissenbaum from the Mizrachi (Zionist-religious) movement published an optimis- tic article in which he anticipated a Hebrew majority in Palestine soon." Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Shoham 2013, p. 42: "The first text in which the periodization as we know it today may be found was an article surveying historical immigrations to and from Palestine, written by the widely recognized writer Y.H. Brenner, and published in October 1919…" Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
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Alroey 2015, p. 113: "Gurevich's 1944 book The Jewish Population of Palestine: Immigration, Demographic Structure and Natural Growth (in Hebrew) examined immigration to Palestine from a local and Zionist standpoint. Like Ruppin and Lestschinsky, Gurevich stressed the magnetic pull of the country and especially Zionist ideology as the main factors motivating immigration to Palestine in the years 1881 to 1914. He described the First Aliyah as the aliyah of the Bilu'im and saw the pioneering agricultural workers of the Second Aliyah as representative of that aliyah as a whole, because they left their mark on the Yishuv at the beginning of the twentieth century." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
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wikisource.org

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Schneider, Jan (June 2008). "Israel". Focus Migration. 13. Hamburg Institute of International Economics. ISSN 1864-6220. Archived from the original on 2019-05-14. Retrieved 2013-04-29.
Alroey 2015, p. 110: "The sweeping and uncritical use of the two terms, 'aliyah' and 'immigration' is one of the major factors in the emergence of the divergent treatment of similar data. In the Zionist ethos, aliyah has nothing in common with the migration of other peoples. Zionist historiography takes it as axiomatic that the Jews who came to the country as part of the pioneering early waves were 'olim' and not simply 'immigrants'. The latent ideological charge of the term 'aliyah' is so deeply rooted in the Hebrew language that it is almost impossible to distinguish between Jews who 'merely' immigrated to Palestine and those who made aliyah to the Land of Israel. Jewish social scientists of the early twentieth century were the first to distinguish aliyah from general Jewish migration. The use of 'aliyah' as a typological phenomenon came into vogue with the publication of Arthur Ruppin's Soziologie der Juden in 1930 (English: The Jews in the Modern World, 1934) ... in the eighth chapter, which looks at migration, Ruppin seems to have found it difficult to free himself of the Zionist terminology that was dominant in that period. [Ruppin wrote that whereas] Jewish immigration to the United States was propelled by economic hardship and pogroms, the olim (not immigrants) came to Palestine with the support of the Hoveve Tsiyon, with whom they felt a high degree of ideological conformity." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Alroey 2015, pp. 115–116. Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Shoham 2013. Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Kanarfogel, Ephraim (1986). "The 'Aliyah of "Three Hundred Rabbis" in 1211: Tosafist Attitudes toward Settling in the Land of Israel". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 76 (3): 191–215. doi:10.2307/1454507. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 1454507.
Lehmann, Matthias B. (2008). "Rethinking Sephardi Identity: Jews and Other Jews in Ottoman Palestine". Jewish Social Studies. 15 (1): 81–109. ISSN 0021-6704. JSTOR 40207035.
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Salmon 1978. Salmon, Yosef (December 1978). "Ideology and Reality in the Bilu Aliyah". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 2 (4). [President and Fellows of Harvard College, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute]: 430–466. ISSN 0363-5570. JSTOR 41035804.
Lewis, Bernard (1965). Davison, Roderick H. (ed.). "The Ottoman Empire in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: A Review". Middle Eastern Studies. 1 (3): 283–295. doi:10.1080/00263206508700018. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282119.
Shoham 2013, p. 35-37: "The term Aliya as defining historical periods appeared only when talking about Jewish history on the long-durée, when looking back to thousands of years. In 1914, the Zionist activist Shemaryahu Levin [wrote]: “Now at the time of the Third Aliya we can witness the fulfillment of the vision of the Second Aliya, in the days of Nehemiah.” Levin based this remark on a contemporaneous historiographical convention, according to which Jewish history knew two main aliyot to the Land of Israel in biblical times: “the First Aliya” took place in the time of biblical Zerubavel, after Cyrus’ declaration, while “the Second Aliya” took place in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah, about 80 years later… Levin’s periodization was not circulated in public, including among practical Zionists. It achieved dominance only after the WW I, in a way different from both Levin’s intention and counting...Along with analogies of the Balfour Declaration to Cyrus, 2,500 years earlier, many leaders began to write and talk about the forthcoming immigration as “the Third Aliya”, which would continue the previous two, those that departed from Babylonia to establish the second temple. About two months after the Balfour Declaration, Isaac Nissenbaum from the Mizrachi (Zionist-religious) movement published an optimis- tic article in which he anticipated a Hebrew majority in Palestine soon." Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Shoham 2013, p. 42: "The first text in which the periodization as we know it today may be found was an article surveying historical immigrations to and from Palestine, written by the widely recognized writer Y.H. Brenner, and published in October 1919…" Shoham, Hizky (2013). "From 'Great History' to 'Small History': The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1). Indiana University Press: 31. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. S2CID 144978084.
Alroey 2015, p. 111: "The declaration by Ruppin, the dean of Jewish sociologists, that one "makes aliyah” to the Land of Israel but "immigrates" to the United States laid the terminological and scholarly foundations for turning immigration to Palestine into a unique variety of Jewish migration. During the 1940s and 1950s, demographers and sociologists, including Jacob Lestschinsky, Arieh Tartakower, David Gurevich, Roberto Bachi, and Shmuel Noah Eisenstadt, followed the trail blazed by Ruppin in the 1930s, spinning a Zionist narrative that both created and presumed the unique traits of aliyah and the Zionist enterprise." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Alroey 2015, p. 114: "In his work, Gurevich divided the immigration to Palestine into five separate waves, although he was not the first to do so. He dated the First Aliyah to 1881-1903 and the Second Aliyah to 1904-14 - a periodization that became accepted in the historiography of the Yishuv; few questioned it. Although, as a demographer and statistician, Gurevich had the tools to examine aliyah to Palestine as immigration and to focus on the majority of those who entered the country, he chose to highlight the ideologically-inclined minority who were unrepresentative of the immigrants as a whole." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Alroey 2015, p. 113: "Gurevich's 1944 book The Jewish Population of Palestine: Immigration, Demographic Structure and Natural Growth (in Hebrew) examined immigration to Palestine from a local and Zionist standpoint. Like Ruppin and Lestschinsky, Gurevich stressed the magnetic pull of the country and especially Zionist ideology as the main factors motivating immigration to Palestine in the years 1881 to 1914. He described the First Aliyah as the aliyah of the Bilu'im and saw the pioneering agricultural workers of the Second Aliyah as representative of that aliyah as a whole, because they left their mark on the Yishuv at the beginning of the twentieth century." Alroey, Gur (2015). "Two Historiographies: Israeli Historiography and the Mass Jewish Migration to the United States, 1881–1914". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 105 (1). [University of Pennsylvania Press, Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, University of Pennsylvania]: 99–129. eISSN 1553-0604. ISSN 0021-6682. JSTOR 43298712.
Hizky Shoham (2012). "From "Great History" to "Small History": The Genesis of the Zionist Periodization". Israel Studies. 18 (1): 31–55. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.18.1.31. ISSN 1084-9513. S2CID 144978084.
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